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Magnetmodellen i Europa: En integrativ litteraturöversikt
University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
The Magnet model in Europe : An integrative review (English)
Abstract [en]

The growing shortage of registered nurses in Sweden leads to significant challenges to the quality, capacity and economic sustainability of healthcare systems. The Magnet model, originally developed in the USA was created to decrease nurse retention trough activities intended to improve work environment, leadership, professional influence and care quality. The model has gained attention in Europe despite limited empirical evidence in a European context. The aim was to map and analyze the experiences from the application of the Magnet model in a European healthcare context. This study was conducted as an integrative review, combining both qualitative and quantitative research. Data was collected through systematic database searches and analyzed using the integrative review method described by Whittemore and Knafl. Three main categories were identified: Outcome, Facilitating factors and Barriers. Reported outcome data varied, with some studies showing some improvement in job satisfaction, while others indicated various or limited impact on factors like nurse burnout. The results also shows, among other things, that collaboration and enthusiasm among the staff could act as facilitating factors for implementation. The complexity of the Magnet model, staff resistance, and resource allocation were major barriers to successful implementation. The implementation of the Magnet model is complex and could require adaptation to local contexts. If healthcare organizations in Sweden attempt to implement the Magnet model, they must carefully consider resource allocation and staff time.

Abstract [sv]

Den växande bristen på sjuksköterskor i Sverige medför betydande utmaningar för hälso- och sjukvårdens kvalitet, kapacitet och långsiktig ekonomisk hållbarhet. Magnetmodellen, med ursprung i USA, utvecklades för att minska den höga omsättningen av sjuksköterskor genom insatser som syftade till att förbättra arbetsmiljö, ledarskap, professionellt inflytande och vårdkvalitet. Modellen har fått allt större uppmärksamhet i Europa trots begränsad empirisk evidens i europeisk kontext. Syftet var att kartlägga och analysera erfarenheter från tillämpning av Magnetmodellen i europeisk vårdkontext. Studien genomfördes som en integrativ litteraturöversikt, där både kvalitativa och kvantitativa studier inkluderades. Data samlades in genom systematiska sökningar i vetenskapliga databaser och analyserades enligt den integrativ metoden som beskrivs av Whittemore och Knafl. Tre huvudkategorier identifierades; Utfall, Främjande faktorer samt Barriärer. Analyserade utfallsdata visade på viss förbättring kring arbetstillfredsställelse, men varierande effekt på andra variabler såsom utbrändhet. Resultatet visade också att faktorer såsom samverkan och entusiasm bland personalen kunde främja Magnetimplementering. Magnetmodellens komplexitet, personalmotstånd och resurser kunde fungera som barriärer för implementering. Implementering av Magnetmodellen innefattar en komplexitet och kan kräva anpassning till lokala kontext. Om hälso- och sjukvårdsorganisationer i Sverige ska implementera Magnetmodellen måste det ske med noggrann tanke på resursallokering och med hänsyn till personalens tid.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025.
Keywords [en]
Magnet model, Europe, Implementation, Nurse retention, Health Care Administration
Keywords [sv]
Magnetmodellen, Europa, Implementering, Sjuksköterskeomsättning, Vård- och omsorgsadministration
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-33990OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hb-33990DiVA, id: diva2:1980901
Subject / course
Vårdvetenskap
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-07-08 Created: 2025-07-03 Last updated: 2025-09-24Bibliographically approved

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