This thesis explores the understanding of Media and information literacy in Romania through the lens of its public policy problematisations, and relates them to the country’s specific democratic context. The study takes a qualitative approach by employing the method of critical discourse analysis. The method utilised is Carol Bacchi’s “What’s the problem represented to be?” technique of critically interrogating public policies, based on Michel Foucault’s discourse analysis theory. This technique allows for questioning problem representations by analysing how the problem is implicitly represented within the “solution”. The findings revealed a technology-focused understanding of media and information literacy, put forward in complex problematisations related to: internal and external social divisions, developmental delays in digitalisation and economy matters. The democratic implications of these “problems” are discussed, along with other barriers that hamper media and information literacy conceptualisation in Romania. The insights of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of how media and information literacy is discussed in public discourse in Romania and can serve for future development of the media and information field and policies in the country.