When it comes to electronic textiles (e-textiles), textiles are mostly used in combination with metallic conductors. Metallic conductors often operate well but have the downside of contributing to the current environmental crisis by increasing the amount of e-waste. Additionally, their inherent properties are not typical from a textile manufacturing standpoint and thus limit the viability of the products of which they can be a component. Therefore, multiple non-metallic conductors (such as carbons, conducting polymers, and ionic liquids) are investigated in this thesis in order to uncover some of their intricacies with or as textile fibres. In juxtaposition with e-textiles, ionotronic textiles (i-textiles) are here introduced as devices that concentrate on the control of electric currents via ions versus all kinds of electrically charged particles. Compared to metallic conductors, ionic conductors resist electric current more. However, in biological systems and especially in nervous systems, the ionic nature of electrical currents showcases endless inspiration for designing i-textiles. From a textile manufacturing standpoint, developing e- and i-textiles first requires maturing practical methods of production and characterisation for conductive fibres, i.e. (by analogy to biology) textile nerves. An assortment of methods is developed/used to study the nuances between the different textile nerves produced. Ultimately, their textile processability is also assessed in fabric manufacturing processes on industrial machines which contributes to industrial and scientific knowledge. This thesis aims to bring novel insights on the production and characterisation of textile nerves for the realistic manufacturing of e- and i-textiles. For instance, a green chemistry approach was taken for producing textile nerves out of paper, casein, and graphite. Other textile nerves were made using conducting polymers for producing textile muscle fibres or using ionic liquids to make ionic conductors in processable fibre forms, i.e. ionofibres. This thesis also leads towards the production of textile muscles with textile muscle fibres innervated by ionofibres.