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GPT-fabricated scientific papers on Google Scholar: Key features, spread, and implications for preempting evidence manipulation
University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT. Swedish School of Library and Information Science, University of Borås, Sweden. (Information Practices and Digital Cultures)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8293-8208
Department of Arts and Cultural Sciences, Lund University, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5322-3350
University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT. Swedish School of Library and Information Science, University of Borås, Sweden. (Information Practices and Digital Cultures)ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4187-7004
Division of Environmental Communication, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden.
2024 (English)In: Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, Vol. 5, no 5, p. 1-16Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Sustainable development
According to the author(s), the content of this publication falls within the area of sustainable development.
Abstract [en]

Academic journals, archives, and repositories are seeing an increasing number of questionable research papers clearly produced using generative AI. They are often created with widely available, general-purpose AI applications, most likely ChatGPT, and mimic scientific writing. Google Scholar easily locates and lists these questionable papers alongside reputable, quality-controlled research. Our analysis of a selection of questionable GPT-fabricated scientific papers found in Google Scholar shows that many are about applied, often controversial topics susceptible to disinformation: the environment, health, and computing. The resulting enhanced potential for malicious manipulation of society’s evidence base, particularly in politically divisive domains, is a growing concern.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2024. Vol. 5, no 5, p. 1-16
National Category
Information Studies
Research subject
Library and Information Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-32501DOI: 10.37016/mr-2020-156Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85203691949OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hb-32501DiVA, id: diva2:1895154
Projects
Information Cultures, Data and Technology in Environmental Communication (Mistra Environmental Communication II, WP1)
Funder
Mistra - The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental ResearchMarcus and Amalia Wallenberg Foundation, 2020.0004Available from: 2024-09-04 Created: 2024-09-04 Last updated: 2025-09-24Bibliographically approved

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Haider, JuttaEkström, Björn

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