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Resource-efficient Production by Advancing Textile Repairs with Digital Inkjet Printing
University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
2026 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

The textile industry faces increasing pressure to reduce waste by extending the lifespan of textile products and supporting circular production systems. In industrial sectors such as healthcare and food services, garments are often discarded because of visible stains despite remaining functionally usable. This study investigated the feasibility of using digital inkjet printing as a textile repair technology for restoring stained textiles through visually seamless repair.A commercially available digital inkjet printing system using pigment-based inkswas evaluated on cotton and polyester fabrics stained with coffee and ballpoint ink. The study examined how textile substrate properties, stain chemistry, and multilayer ink deposition influenced repair quality and durability. The repair workflow combined camera-based positioning, digital image processing, color calibration, and multilayer printing to reproduce stain geometries and match surrounding fabric colors. Repair performance was assessed using color difference measurements (CIE ΔE) and visual evaluation, before and after fastness test by abrasion and washing, as well as structural observations related to porosity and ink layering. The results showed that repair performance strongly depended on stain type and textile substrate. Coffee stains on cotton fabrics achieved the most successful repair outcomes, with ΔE values decreasing to as low as 0.90 after optimized multilayer printing, indicating effective color matching and visual integration. In contrast, ballpoint ink stains remained highly visible on both cotton and polyester substrates because of stain reactivation, bleeding, and poor ink adhesion. Polyester fabrics exhibited greater lateral ink spreading and unstable print behaviour compared to cotton as it is a non-porous synthetic fiber that lacks functional groups for ionic bonding. Hence the fiber cannot absorb the water-based ink, the droplets tend to bleed by wicking along the surface of the continuous, smooth filaments. This results in unstable print behavior where ink spreads far beyond the initial contact point, complicating exact color matching and sharp image definition required for a seamless repair. Abrasion testing demonstrated that optimized cotton repair samples maintained stable visual performance even after 5000 abrasion cycles.The findings demonstrate that digital inkjet printing has strong potential as a resource-efficient textile repair technology, particularly for hydrophilic stains on cotton-based textiles. The study contributes to the development of repair strategies that support circular textile systems by reducing premature garment disposal and reducing need for new productions.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2026.
Keywords [en]
Digital inkjet printing, textile repair, stain concealment, colour matching, shape matching, porosity, multilayer printing
National Category
Engineering and Technology Materials Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-36104OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hb-36104DiVA, id: diva2:2100231
Available from: 2026-09-22 Created: 2026-09-10 Last updated: 2026-09-22Bibliographically approved

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fulltext(1822 kB)27 downloads
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0ec366d7a78e8c8ba737b57200d7ae83b9c5ec641ce2630268cd9fbcd2cd497b23df9b7dbe126b21eae5009718f1f5ddc0ad46507f99d59704ec3265886d0171
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Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business
Engineering and TechnologyMaterials Engineering

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CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • harvard-cite-them-right
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf