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Shaping SME purchasing for sustainability: a case study of supplier-buyer relationships and extended product lifetimes
University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business. (Tjänster och handel)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3560-5400
University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business. (Tjänster och handel)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9159-4593
University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business. (Tjänster och handel)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8092-661X
2026 (English)In: Journal of business & industrial marketing, ISSN 0885-8624, E-ISSN 2052-1189, Vol. 41, no 13, p. 282-298Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Sustainable development
According to the author(s), the content of this publication falls within the area of sustainable development.
Abstract [en]

Purpose

This paper aims to explore how small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) purchasing is shaped through supplier–buyer relationships to extend product lifetimes.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative single case study design is adopted, involving a workwear manufacturer, a service-oriented distributor and four SME customers in Sweden. Drawing on the industrial network approach (INA), the study examines how structured decentralised purchasing models evolve through high-involvement supplier relationships.

Findings

The findings demonstrate that high-involvement supplier relationships enable SMEs to overcome internal resource constraints by leveraging internal and external capabilities. Structured decentralised purchasing models, coordinated by a service provider, balance operational efficiency with user safety and satisfaction and contribute to extended product lifetimes. The study highlights the underexplored role of users in sustainable purchasing.

Practical implications

The study provides guidance for both SMEs and suppliers seeking to balance operational efficiency with sustainability. It emphasises the value of service-oriented intermediaries in facilitating high-involvement relationships that improve SME purchasing and product lifetimes.

Originality/value

This paper advances sustainable purchasing literature by applying the INA in the context of SMEs. It provides a novel understanding of how supplier interactions, particularly those involving users, can support structured decentralised purchasing models and extended product lifetimes, contributing to improved outcomes with regard to sustainability.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2026. Vol. 41, no 13, p. 282-298
Keywords [en]
SMEs, Purchasing decisions, Supplier–buyer relationships, Product lifetimes, Sustainability
National Category
Business Administration
Research subject
Business and IT
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-35970DOI: 10.1108/jbim-04-2025-0335ISI: 001825543200001OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hb-35970DiVA, id: diva2:2087611
Available from: 2026-07-21 Created: 2026-07-21 Last updated: 2026-08-28Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Realising product circularity through business networks: a case of circular workwear
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Realising product circularity through business networks: a case of circular workwear
2026 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Product circularity has gained increasing attention among practitioners, researchers and policymakers due to its potential to create value and increase resource efficiency throughout a product’s whole lifecycle. However, prior research on product circularity has largely only treated the different stages of the lifecycle, such as development, production and use, as isolated and sequential processes. Furthermore, research has mainly been conducted at the micro level, focusing on the individual company. This has limited the possibilities to capture the complexity that characterises the circular economy, in which collaboration and coordination across interconnected business and non-business actors are crucial.

To address these limitations, this thesis uses Service-Dominant Logic (SDL) and the Industrial Network Approach (INA) as two complementary theoretical lenses. These enable a deeper understanding of product circularity by focusing the analysis on how relationships between interconnected actors shape the conditions for value creation and resource efficiency throughout a product’s whole lifecycle. SDL places product circularity in a multi-level system, where value creation and resource integration are shaped through institutional work at the micro, meso and macro levels. INA provides analytical tools to investigate in more depth the inter-organisational relationships, resource connections and interaction processes through which product circularity is realised. Together, both perspectives contribute to a greater understanding of product circularity as something that is shaped, maintained and further developed through the interaction between actors and resources at multiple levels.

Against this backdrop, the aim of this thesis is to explore how product circularity can be conceptualised and realised through inter-organisational interaction, and to examine the implications this has for business networks. To achieve this aim, two case studies and a conceptual study have been conducted with a focus on the micro, meso and macro levels and the different product lifecycle stages. Both case studies examine workwear and build on several data collection methods: semi-structured interviews and participant observations, supplemented with unstructured interviews, online surveys and document studies. Through systematic combining, the empirical material and the analytical framework were iteratively developed, facilitating a conceptualisation of product circularity and a deeper understanding of how the phenomenon is realised in practice.

By applying theoretical lenses that extend beyond both individual companies and dyadic relationships, this thesis not only shows how product circularity is realised through inter-organisational interaction. It also contributes to a theoretical understanding of product circularity as a relational multi-level phenomenon, where the interplay between resource interaction, relationship development and institutional work is key to creating both stability and change within business networks. For practitioners (e.g. workwear manufacturers, service providers and customers), the findings offer guidance as regards which relationships to prioritise, how related risks can be managed, and how increased inter-organisational interaction and proximity between the development, production and use network settings can be supported.

Abstract [sv]

Produktcirkularitet har fått allt större uppmärksamhet bland praktiker, forskare och beslutsfattare tack vare sin potential att skapa värde och öka resurseffektiviteten genom produktens hela livscykel. Tidigare forskning har emellertid i huvudsak behandlat livscykelns olika faser, såsom utveckling, produktion och användning, som separata och sekventiella. Forskningen har dessutom främst bedrivits på mikronivå med fokus på det enskilda företaget. Detta har begränsat möjligheterna att fånga den komplexitet som präglar den cirkulära ekonomin, där samarbete och samordning mellan sammanlänkade affärs- och samhällsaktörer är avgörande.

För att möta dessa begränsningar tillämpar avhandlingen Service-Dominant Logic (SDL) och Industrial Network Approach (INA) som två kompletterande teoretiska perspektiv. Dessa möjliggör en fördjupad förståelse av produktcirkularitet genom att fokusera analysen på hur relationer mellan sammanlänkade aktörer formar förutsättningarna för värdeskapande och resurseffektivitet genom produktens hela livscykel. SDL placerar produktcirkularitet i ett flernivåsystem där värdeskapande och resursintegration formas genom institutionellt arbete på mikro-, meso- och makronivå. INA erbjuder analytiska verktyg för att mer ingående undersöka de mellanorganisatoriska relationer, resurskopplingar och interaktionsprocesser genom vilka produktcirkularitet förverkligas. Tillsammans bidrar de bägge perspektiven till en ökad förståelse av produktcirkularitet som något som formas, upprätthålls och vidareutvecklas genom samspel mellan aktörer och resurser på flera nivåer.

Mot denna bakgrund är avhandlingens syfte att utforska hur produktcirkularitet kan konceptualiseras och förverkligas genom mellanorganisatorisk interaktion, samt att undersöka vilka implikationer detta har för affärsnätverk. För att uppnå syftet har två fallstudier och en konceptuell studie genomförts med fokus på mikro-, meso- och makronivåerna samt på produktlivscykelns olika stadier. Båda fallstudierna undersöker arbetskläder och bygger på flera datainsamlingsmetoder: semistrukturerade intervjuer och deltagande observationer, kompletterade med ostrukturerade intervjuer, webbaserade förfrågningar och dokumentstudier. Genom systematic combining utvecklades det empiriska materialet och det analytiska ramverket iterativt, vilket underlättade en konceptualisering av produktcirkularitet och en fördjupad förståelse av hur fenomenet förverkligas i praktiken.

Genom att tillämpa teoretiska perspektiv som sträcker sig bortom såväl enskilda företag som dyadiska relationer visar avhandlingen inte bara hur produktcirkularitet förverkligas genom mellanorganisatorisk interaktion. Den bidrar också till en teoretisk förståelse av produktcirkularitet som ett relationellt flernivåfenomen, där samspelet mellan resursinteraktion, relationsutveckling och institutionellt arbete är centralt för att skapa både stabilitet och förändring i affärsnätverk. För praktiker (t.ex. tillverkare av arbetskläder, tjänsteleverantörer och kunder) erbjuder resultaten vägledning om vilka relationer som bör prioriteras, hur de risker som följer av dessa kan hanteras samt hur ökad mellanorganisatorisk interaktion och närhet mellan utvecklings-, produktions- och användningsmiljöer kan främjas.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Borås: Högskolan i Borås, 2026
Series
Skrifter från Högskolan i Borås, ISSN 0280-381X ; 169
Keywords
product circularity, inter-organisational interaction, business network, workwear, circular economy, produktcirkularitet, interaktion mellan organisationer, affärsnätverk, arbetskläder, cirkulär ekonomi
National Category
Business Administration
Research subject
Textiles and Fashion (General)
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-35694 (URN)978-91-90138-03-8 (ISBN)978-91-90138-04-5 (ISBN)
Available from: 2026-09-04 Created: 2026-06-12 Last updated: 2026-09-02Bibliographically approved

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Vellesalu, AnnSalomonson, NicklasHjelmgren, Daniel

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