Bakgrund och problemformulering: Lågenergifall är en vanlig traumamekanism bland äldre patienter och kan leda till betydande vårdbehov, även om skadehändelsen tros vara lindrig. Den prehospitala bedömningen är komplex då äldre patienter ofta har samsjuklighet samt förändrade fysiologiska kompensationsmekanismer. Syftet var att undersöka den prehospitala processen för patienter som drabbats av lågenergifall, från larmcentralens bedömning och ambulanssjukvårdens åtgärder till patientutfall. En retrospektiv observationsstudie baserad på ambulansjournaler från år 2019 i sydvästra Sverige. Totalt 5235 traumapatienter inkluderades, varav 2509 hade fall i samma plan. Data analyserades deskriptivt i IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Resultat: Patientgruppen fall i samma plan bestod huvudsakligen av äldre kvinnor och medianåldern var 79 år. Majoriteten av fallen inträffade i hemmet. Hypertoni och arytmi var vanliga sjukdomar sedan tidigare. De flesta patienter fick prioritet 2 från ambulansen och transporterades till en akutmottagning. Bedömning enligt XABCDE dokumenterades hos majoriteten och opiater var vanligaste prehospitala läkemedelsbehandlingen. Drygt hälften blev inlagda och mortaliteten ökade från 3,1% efter 30 dagar till 7,4% efter ett år. Slutsats: Lågenergifall hos äldre patienter är förknippade med betydande vårdbehov och risk för negativa utfall.

Background and problem formulation: Low energy falls are common trauma mechanism among older patients and may lead to significant health-care needs, even when the injury mechanism is considered to be minor. Prehospital assessment is complex, as older patients often present with comorbidities and altered physiological compensatory mechanisms. Aim: The aim was to study the prehospital process for patients affected by low-energy falls, from emergency medical dispatch assessment and ambulance care interventions to patient outcomes. Method: A retrospective observational study based on ambulance medical records from 2019 in southwestern Sweden. A total of 5235 trauma patients were included, of whom 2509 had sustained falls on the same level. Data were analysed descriptively using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: The patient group with falls in the same plane consisted mainly of older women, and the median age was 79 years. Most falls occurred in the home environment. Hypertension and arrythmia were common pre-existing medical conditions. Most patients received ambulance-priority level 2 and were transported to an emergency department. Assessment according to the XABCDE approach was documented in the majority of patients, and opioids were the most common prehospital pharmacological treatment. More than half of the patients were admitted to hospital, and mortality increased from 3,1% after 30 days to 7,4% after one year. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that older patients affected by low-energy falls often have extensive healthcare needs despite the low-energy mechanism of injury. Low-energy falls among older patients are associated with substantial healthcare needs and a risk of adverse outcomes. The findings highlight the importance of structured prehospital assessment and the need for continued development of decision-support tools for older trauma patients.