One essential element of design science research (DSR) is kernel theory, which plays a critical role in the development of design knowledge. Kernel theory is employed in the theoretical grounding process to justify and guide the development of emergent design knowledge. Another common way to justify design knowledge is empirical grounding. However, these two grounding processes are not mutually exclusive. We argue that there exists a dynamic interplay between the application of kernel theories as a deductive inference strategy and the analysis of empirical data resulting in insights from practice as an inductive inference strategy. Based on an analysis of a DSR project involving nine companies, we have examined this interplay to propose guidelines. These guidelines aim to assist in navigating the complexities of theory and practice, ultimately supporting the development of robust and innovative artefacts. We state that our findings contribute to knowledge about how kernel theories can interplay with practice.