Total Productive Maintenance(TPM) is mostly regarded as an integral part of Lean Manufacturing. Some authors considered TPM as a Lean tool but it always has been a matter of controversy. The role of TPM in maintenance is similar and comparable to Total Quality Management (TQM) in Quality. TPM involves Autonomous and Planned Maintenance. Planned Maintenance consists of several maintenance strategies. Autonomous maintenance includes simple maintenance tasks done by the operators. The aim of this thesis is to reach a prescription about the best attitude toward Lean and TPM implementation by reviewing Lean and TPM concepts as well as studying experiences of famous companies, their achievements, problems and difficulties to implement TPM Two companies which had implemented TPM without considering Lean were investigated. Although these companies had implemented TPM before Lean, they now believe that a company should start with Lean and grow Lean thinking among the employees. In this way a company should start with recognizing the relationship and implementation sequence of Lean and TPM. In this thesis, Lean and TPM comparison supports this approach since it proves that Lean and TPM have some common tools and concepts. The comparison also supports the belief that Lean is a philosophy and TPM is a method.