We live longer and healthier lives and have fewer children, which means that the demographics are changing significantly with a larger proportion of healthy older adults. This study aims to explore what the discourse around older adults looks like in the Swedish public library plans and what consequences it may have for the target group and activities aimed at it. To answer the research questions a discourse analysis of age-related signs and in what context they occur in the library plans was done. The conclusion is that older adults are most often represented in the word all and in different contexts of disabilities. The discourse of the library plans seems to mainly identify older adults as belonging to what in gerontology is described as the fourth age, while the third age appears to be outside the current discourse. A shift in language in the library plans towards a more positive image of older adults that also recognises healthy older adults could mean that the library achieves better conditions to attract the large and ever-growing target group of older adults.

The painting trade is dominated by men, both concerning numbers and with regards to how the job as a painter is supposed to be performed. There doesn't have to be a problem with the actual performance of the job. But on the other hand problems arise when gender coded traditions hinder the necessary improvement of the trade and affect the working conditions for painters of all kinds. In daily work situations, men as well as women need to relate to the masculine norms of the trade. They all do it in different ways, consciously and subconsciously. But things are changing. The profession and the trade are in the middle of a transformation where traditional conceptions of gender are challenged. The number of educated female painters is increasing, and they have difficulties finding their place in the trade. There is no fast and simple solution of this gender equality problem, but there are methods available for how serious gender equality interventions can be carried out. Above all the problem demands interruptions of old patterns of thought and behaviour in order to make a change. This text presents results from an ethnographic study of the painting trade and shows how established patterns are defended as well as questioned in the daily work. The aim of the study is to understand how working conditions, competence and know-how, work organisation and division of labour, and management attitudes are related to conceptions of masculinity and femininity.

The aim of this paper is to gain further understanding of the complexity and dynamic of resistance in organizations. This is done by describing and analyzing how a team of workers in municipal home help services in Sweden interpret and make use of their possibilities to act at work. The point of departure for the theoretical framework is power and resistance in accordance with Michel Foucault (1991) and Jon McKenzie (2001). But to grasp the multi-faceted characteristic of resistance, Stephen Ackroyd and Paul Thompson’s (1999) line of thought on organizational

mis behaviour as well as the concept of self-organization is fruitful. James C. Scott’s (1985) work on everyday resistance is particularly important for an understanding of everyday actions and responses as forms of resistance.

The employees in this study are being subjected to a process of change initiated by the management. They are dissatisfied with the process as well as with the intentions behind it. In spite of this they do not make collective and planned resistance; rather their actions and responses can be understood as informal resistance. They act with consent but not cooperation, with irony and other symbolic sanctions as well as a lighter form of sabotage. Above all they have a loyal attitude and loyal way of acting apparent in work situations and it has limiting effects on their resistance strategies.

They also use their loyalty in a selective manner as a way of making resistance. The home helps identity formation and interpretation of meaning as well as scope of action is in this paper seen as intertwined with doing resistance. In the line of Scott(1985) I argue for the use of ethnography in general and participant observation in particular as a fruitful way of grasping this kind of everyday resistance.

This paper explores digitalisation as a means for sustainable development within thefashion industry. Through an exploratory qualitative research design, we analyse interview and observation data on fashion industry professionals in Sweden and Finland to further the understanding of the promises but also potential perils of digital transformation in fashion. Our analysis shows that actors within the industry are willing to, and see the value of, digitalisation in order to transform current practices within fashion design. At the same time, lack of resources and understanding for the new types of knowledge required to fully adopt the desired changes leads to a situation where implementing new digital technologies at their full potential is difficult to achieve. Our results point at the importance of understanding the wider need for knowledge development within the fashion industry in order to succeed with the promises of digital technologies for sustainable transition in moving from a reactive to proactive stance on the possibilities of digitalisation.

The pedagogical work at the preschool includes taking into account governing documents such as the curriculum and the Education Act. These governing documents deal with all children's rights during their stay at preschool. According to the governing documents and the Education Act, all children, regardless of difficulties or not, have the right to participate and be included in the business. Work with children with special needs Support is highlighted as difficult if the right resources, the right diagnosis at the right time and consideration of their needs not taken. It is important that pre-school teachers use empathy, inclusion and clear and adapted material in the work with children in need of special support in order for the work to benefit the child's development as much as possible. If necessary, resources in the form of additional staff, materials and training in the field should be used for improvement purposes. Previous research highlights the central parts of preschool teachers' work with children in need of support. The central parts of the study are the preschool teachers' work with children in need of support. The central parts of the study are the preschool teachers' conditions, strategies, and approach. Furthermore, inclusion, resources and their impact as well as pros and cons are highlighted with diagnosis. The method that has been used in this study is a selfreport with questions of open nature. The questions have been sent out electronically to ten preschool teachers from two different preschools. This means that the respondents have had to give answers that are based on individual experiences at a more granular level. The results of the incoming responses from the preschool teachers show that most of them use similar strategies. Dividing the large groups of children into smaller groups facilitates both the work and the children in need of special support as they can more easily adapt the activities but also to The needs of the children can be taken into account the fewer there are in the group. Having a low arousal treatment of children in need of special support is considered to be very functioning in accordance with preschool teachers. They believe that by being patient and staying calm, they can usually calm things down. situation and the child. Furthermore, curiosity, commitment and interest in the children are highlighted as very important in the treatment. The preschool teachers believe that it is important to be able to put oneself in the child's thoughts and understand the child in difficult situations.

The preservation of snow and ice may seem unnecessary. However, as the global warming effects keep going in the wrong direction, it is becoming necessary to keep glaciers and alpine areas from melting and raising the ocean levels. A starting point is preserving snow at ski centres. Several initiatives have successfully pre-served snow at ski centres during the warmer off seasons by using thermally insulating textile covers, or glacier mats. The literature finds that these textile covers are almost always made of thermoplastic materials and work by keeping thermal energy and water from transporting between the layers and raising the temperature between the snow and the glacier mats. While the thermoplastic fibres have great insulation properties, the unsustainable production and, most importantly, their tendency to shed microplastics into the environment are a big environmental con-cern. Especially as microplastics are hard to remove and are not biodegradable. To combat this, The Loop Factory developed the snOWWOol glacier mat. It is a two-layered, waste wool and thermoplastic bi-component nonwoven sheet. The thermoplastic fibres are used to bond the wool fibres into a sheet while also addressing the main issue with the wool fibres and the glacier mats, the water resistance. Wool fibres have overlapping cuticle cell structure on the surface that repels water and dirt, but an inner cortex structure that tend to absorb moisture and water vapours, and a thermal calendaring of the surface of the glacier mats will increase the water repellence. The glacier mats are produced and transported in rolls and then prefer-ably joined on site. This puts restrictions and needs on the technique for joining them. Especially as the joints are generally the weakest point of a construction and where substances, like water and air tend to penetrate the easiest. This study aimed to explore and find the most promising joining technique for the glacier mats outer layer, along with how it affects the properties necessary for snow preservation. Some questions the study answers are, what are the needed properties of the covers to preserve snow, what techniques exist and are promising for joining the cover, and how do they affect the needed properties. Those properties were found to be ensuring a secure and tight seal, easy to attach and detach, how much water and air can penetrate the fabric, and how strong the joining is. Six techniques were found as promising and were tested and compared to a reference sample for water repellence, ease of attaching/detaching, seam rupture and air permeability. The result showed that the Arrow and Eye 1 (loose arrows) technique is the most promising for snow preservation, even though it did not perform as the best in all testing. Independent sample t-tests were performed on the Arrow and Eye 1 and the reference to see how they compared to each other. The results showed that the Arrow and Eye 1 performed worse in all categories besides air permeability. Overall, the Arow and Eye loose arrows is the technique to be explored further for joining the snOWWOol glacier mat.    

In this thesis, Badersten’s normative method (2006) was used to analyze textual material taken from the websites of eighteen higher education institutions in Sweden from an axiological (value theory) perspective. The study focused on the research support provided by academic libraries, specifically the information these libraries provided about different models of Open Access publishing and tools for identifying questionable publications. Earlier research shows that Open Access publishing is highly regarded and sought after in science, yet it is at times conflated with questionable publishing, despite questionable publishing long predating Open Access publishing. Studies done in the field of library and information science show that many of the tools used for detecting questionable publishers contain flaws that may cause problems if they are not used carefully. It is therefore relevant to study the information that academic libraries provide their researchers, as well as what norms and values guide it. To study the norms and values in the material, the collected terms used to describe different aspects of Open Access and questionable publishing were sorted into graphs and analyzed. Analysis of the data revealed in consistencies between different institutions in terms used for the same phenomenon, along with tendencies to provide tools that earlier research in the field has deemed problematic. No patterns of valuing information based on agent-neutral/agent-relevant language could be found in the material examined.

In an increasingly digitalized consumer landscape, understanding the emotional underpinnings of purchasing decisions is essential for both scholars and practitioners. This study explores how emotional, social, and psychological factors shape the online fashion consumption behavior of young adults living in small Swedish towns. Drawing on a qualitative research approach, ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants aged 20 to 25, aiming to understand how brand attachment, identity and impulse buying affect decision-making in digital shopping environments. The findings reveal that while many respondents describe their purchasing decisions as rational, emotional undercurrents such as familiarity, aesthetic alignment and a desire for self-expression play a significant role. Impulse buying was commonly linked to affective states like boredom, stress or a need for emotional reward and often triggered by algorithm-driven content or time-limited campaigns. Influencers emerged not as direct persuaders but as subtle agents of social norms, influencing lifestyle aspirations and shaping perceptions of what is desirable. The study contributes theoretically by reinterpreting established notions of brand loyalty, suggesting that among younger consumers, loyalty often reflects consistency, convenience and emotional safety rather than deep affection. Practically, the research highlights the importance of emotionally resonant communication and seamless user experience for fashion brands targeting digitally native youth. Overall, the study positions online fashion consumption not merely as economic behavior, but as an ongoing, emotion-driven negotiation of identity, belonging and self-image within a digitally saturated culture.

This thesis examines how prison libraries have been represented in Swedish print and digital press between 1990 and 2025. The aim is to investigate which narrative techniques are used in media coverage and how these shape the public image of prison libraries. The study employs a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative mapping with qualitative content analysis, grounded in theories of mediatization, media logic, and priming (Strömbäck, 2009, 2014). A total of 46 articles were collected from the database Retriever Media Archive and a physical archive, with a focus on Swedish prison and remand libraries. 

The analysis shows that media logic’s narrative techniques –particularly personification, concretization, and simplification – are central to how prison libraries are portrayed. During the 1990s, personification primarily highlighted inmates’ voices, while the 2000s emphasis is focused on simplified and statistical reporting. From the 2010s and onwards, personification and stereotyping became increasingly common, often through interviews with librarians or portrayals of inmates’ reading habits. 

The results also demonstrate that priming plays an important role: recurring themes, such as censorship debates or top lists of inmates’ favorite books, shape how the public understands prison libraries –not only as cultural institutions but also as arenas for moral and political controversy. The study contributes new insights into how media representations of prison libraries evolve over time, highlighting both the potential for increased recognition of their cultural role and the risk of reinforcing stereotypes about inmates.

Background and problem: Issues about sustainability and social responsibility have taken on an increasingly central role. On top of that the demand for sustainability information from society has increased steadily. Due to that, companies want to contribute to sustainable development. Sustainability reporting has therefore become an increasingly central topic for companies to discuss during the past years. The extent of sustainability reporting can vary between different companies. That leads to questions whether there are any connections between the extent of sustainability reporting and different factors. The factors profitability, industry affiliation, debt ratio and company size have been investigated in previous research and should probably affect the extent of sustainability reporting. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to contribute with more understanding of if there is a connection between the extent of sustainability reporting and the factors profitability, industry affiliation, debt ratio and company size. Method: To achieve this objective, a deductive research approach was employed and a quantitative method was applied. Empirical data were collected from companys’ sustainability reports and key factors. Conclusion: The conclusions of the study are that there is a positive connection between the extent of sustainability reporting and profitability, that there is partly a connection between the extent of sustainability reporting and industry affiliation, that there is a positive connection between the extent of sustainability reporting and debt ratio and that there is not a connection between the extent of sustainability reporting and company size.

The school nurse has a central role within school health services, with a health-promoting and preventive mission. As complex challenges such as mental ill-health, unhealthy lifestyle habits, and social vulnerability increase among children and young people, ever higher demands are placed on the school nurse. It is important to meet each individual based on their age and maturity and to provide early interventions. Through their work, the school nurse can contribute to strengthening pupils’ health, well-being, and learning. The school nurse must collaborate with the student health team in order to meet pupils’ individual needs in the best possible way. However, the conditions for this collaboration may vary between schools and regions. The aim is to examine how the school nurse can work in a health-promoting and preventive way in connection with health dialogues, and the method used is a systematic literature review with an integrative design. A thematic analysis of 15 scientific articles resulted in three themes. The results show that it is important that the school nurse builds good relationships with the pupils in which the pupils are involved in their health dialogues. The benefits of the school nurse using individually adapted methods and strategies to be able to reach every pupil are also emphasised. Furthermore were good collaboration within student health services crucial for the health-promoting and preventive work to function well. Finally, it is concluded that the health-promoting and preventive effect of the health dialogues provides a good foundation for pupils’ well-being. Good collaboration, understanding and the school nurse’s nursing-science competence strengthen student health and contribute to sustainable development and public health.

Sjuksköterskan har en central roll i vården av patienter i ett palliativt skede i hemmet, där allt fler patienter väljer att vårdas under livets slutskede. Att vårda patienter i hemmet innebär både möjligheter och utmaningar och vården framstår som komplex. Det krävs att sjuksköterskan är lyhörd, empatisk och närvarande för att möta patientens och de närståendes behov och önskemål. Syftet med litteraturöversikten är att belysa sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter i ett palliativt skede i hemmet. Metoden är en kvalitativ litteraturöversikt som inkluderar tio vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultaten visar att en tidig relation mellan sjuksköterska, patient och närstående skapar förtroende och tillit. Hemmet är patientens trygga plats och möjliggör större delaktighet i vården. Anpassning av vården till hemmiljön är viktig för att bevara patientens integritet. Sjuksköterskan strävar efter att lindra symtom och stärka patientens livskvalitet. Utmaningarna för sjuksköterskan inkluderar både fysiska och emotionella påfrestningar, samt hinder i kommunikation och samarbete med läkare. Arbetet upplevs som meningsfullt även när det stundtals är krävande. Resultaten visar att kontinuerlig kompetensutveckling och reflektion är avgörande för att sjuksköterskan skall kunna ge säker och individanpassad palliativ vård i hemmet.

Multiresistenta bakterier är ett globalt och växande problem. Patienter som vårdas på sjukhus och samtidigt bär på bakterien isoleras för att minska smittspridningen. Patienternas upplevelse av isoleringsvård präglas av sjuksköterskans bemötande och omvårdnad. Syftet är att belysa patienternas upplevelser av att vårdas på sjukhus och samtidigt vara bärare av multiresistenta bakterier. Metoden i detta examensarbete var en litteraturöversikt. För att besvara syftet inkluderades åtta kvalitativa artiklar och två med mixad metod där de kvalitativa resultaten inkluderats. Artiklarna är sökta i tre databaser: CINAHL, Medline och PubMed. Artiklarna analyserades med hjälp av Fribergs femstegsmodell som utmynnade i ett nytt resultat. Resultatet visade att patienterna upplevde bristande kommunikation och information vilket bidrog till osäkerhet. En känsla av varierande kompetens hos personalen beskrevs av patienterna. Även en överanvändning av skyddsutrustning hos vårdpersonalen ledde till en känsla av stigmatisering hos patienterna. Under diskussionen framkom att även andra studier belyser patienternas upplevelser av bristande information från vårdpersonalen vilket bidrog till en misstro till vården samt vårdlidande för patienterna. Det visade även att bra bemötande och god kunskap hos vårdpersonalen främjade patienternas upplevelse av vård under isoleringsåtgärder. 

The presented degree project utilized the notion of deconstruction as defined by Jacques Derrida through defining binary oppositions within the context of body and garment relationships. This project drew inspiration from previous deconstructivist designers that have utilized and exposed these oppositions through fragmentation and juxtaposition to destabilize and expose the socially constructed norms regarding the body as an expression in fashion. This research sought to reinterpret these traditional methods in fashion deconstruction by juxtaposing elements between garment and body expression, developing connective and continuous material expression between body and garment. The research has adopted experimental construction techniques and material meetings to develop 5 outfits, suggesting different ways of creating a joint expression between body and garment. 

Sverige ses som ett flerspråkigt samhälle eftersom det talas uppemot 150 olika språk. Det innebär att förskolan har blivit en social och kulturell mötesplats där olika språk integreras. Enligt styrdokumenten ska flerspråkiga barn därmed få möjlighet att utveckla både sitt modersmål och det svenska språket. Arbetet med flerspråkighet integreras inte tillräckligt mycket. 

The aim of this study is to examine how preschool teachers perceive the use of signs as Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC) in the daily activities of preschools. Through this, the study seeks to gain an understanding of how preschool teachers describe the impact of AAC on children's communication, participation, and language development in everyday practice, using three research questions. The method used in the study is qualitative interviews with seven preschool teachers from three different municipalities. During the interviews, we used audio recordings, which enabled us to transcribe the conversations as accurately as possible, capturing everything that was said. The study is also linked to sociocultural theory, in which inclusion, mediation, and the zone of proximal development are central concepts that will be addressed. The results show how preschool teachers view the use of AAC in daily preschool activities and how this communication tool supports children’s development and learning. The preschool teachers believe that AAC is a necessary method in the preschool setting, but that there are obstacles that can hinder its implementation to the desired extent in teaching. Both positive and negative aspects of this method will be discussed, as well as how the preschool teachers relate to these. We will also discuss how our chosen topic connects to previous research on AAC and what development opportunities might exist for the future within this area

This thesis examines a hybrid composite obtained from integrating ocean-waste polypropylene (PP) with polylactic acid (PLA) and flax prepreg. The aim is to find a solution to ocean plastic pollution and to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of biocomposites. Using compression moulding, ocean waste 3D-printed PP sheets and PLA/flax prepregs were combined to produce a hybrid composite (OWPF) and compared to biocomposite of PLA/flax (PF) as well as PP laminate (OW). Tensile, flexural, and impact tests were used to investigate the mechanical properties, while differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to examine the thermal properties of the composites. Results show that composite OWPF exhibited better mechanical properties, such as tensile strength (31.5 MPa), flexural strength (65.4 MPa) and impact strength (6.83 kJ/m2) than composite PF and laminate OW. This could be credited to the improved interfacial bonding of the PP/PLA hybrid matrix and the flax fibres. Reduction in moisture absorption had a significant contribution which resulted in increased interfacial bonding; this is clearly the contribution of the PP/PLA hybrid matrix. Evident from the moisture absorption test, which revealed that composite OWPF absorbed much less moisture (3.36% after 25 days) than composite PF (6.09%). Thermally, composite OWPF showed a higher initial degradation temperature of 303.3°C, however, it experienced multistep degradation, which means it is unstable in such temperatures over a broad range of time. This implies that the mechanical performance of PLA/flax biocomposites can be significantly increased while addressing environmental concerns by incorporating ocean-waste PP and used within normal environmental temperatures. 

This study examines how secondhand-style is used as a form of stylistic expression and marker of social status among young adults in Sweden. The study is framed by Pierre Bourdieu’s theoretical framework, Distinction. The main theoretical concepts used in the study are habitus, capital, field, and distinction, based on Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological framework. With these the concepts the study investigates how secondhand-style is shaped by social factors and how status is formed by this style. The study is based on qualitative, semi-structured interviews with fifteen participants aged from 18 to 30, all with an interest in secondhand-style. Based on the data from these interviews the aim of this study could be answered. Which was to understand how second-hand style is used as a form of stylistic expression and how it contributes to status among young adults in Sweden. Findings show that fashion preferences are strongly influenced by upbringing, social groups and close environment. Secondhand clothing and style is used to express mainly identity but also to signal awareness and differentiate from mainstream fashion and other style groups. The secondhand-style becomes a tool for belonging and distinction. Especially within a specific group of secondhand-style users where the style gets recognized and therefore seen as a status symbol. Their style is shown to carry both cultural and symbolic capital and is tied to knowledge of the style. In conclusion, secondhand-style functions as a type of social position and cultural expression. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how young adults in Sweden use this style to navigate values like sustainability, authenticity and social recognition now when the style is becoming mainstream. This study also helps deepen the understanding of how status is formed when using this style. 

Selective eating in children is common and is frequently brought up by parents at child health services (CHS). Selective eating causes concern among parents and can lead to conflicts during mealtimes. District nurses have advanced knowledge about normal development in children and adolescents and play an important role in identifying health risks. At CHS, district nurses meet parents who are worried and concerned about their child’s selective eating and who need support and reassurance to feel confident in their parenting role. The aim of the study was to describe district nurses’ lived experiences of meeting parents of children with selective eating behaviours. The study was conducted using a qualitative design with an inductive approach. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 10 district nurses in two different regions. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. The analysis resulted in three main themes: Selective eating – a common reason for seeking care, Barriers and opportunities in the encounter, and Trust in own experience and eight subthemes. The district nurses experienced selective eating as a common and emotionally sensitive reason for seeking care and noted that several factors influenced the encounter, both positively and negatively. They also felt confident in their role as district nurses based on their experience and the children’s growth charts. At a societal level, the results point to a potentially growing public health problem, and the findings of the study may have a direct impact on the district nurse’s work in meetings with children and their parents. 

Print, Draping, Fashion design, Stain, Staining

It is difficult for project managers in today's complex project environments to balance the demands for control with the teams' desire for independence. This study aims to investigate how leaders in various industries manage risks and how they strategically combine control with autonomous leadership. The study begins with a qualitative method that uses five semi-structured interviews in the fields of healthcare, construction, IT, logistics, and manufacturing. The results show that risk management is shaped by communication, trust, and situational adaptation, and it rarely follows strictly formalised models. The respondents say that clear guidelines at the beginning of a project can provide greater freedom later on. Psychological safety seems to be crucial for team members to dare to take on tasks and act in uncertain situations. Leadership is described as a dynamic process where the project manager alternates between guidance and trust depending on the circumstances. The study shows that to manage complex risk environments, traditional control models must be supplemented with relational and situational leadership. It has become evident that a balance between control and autonomy is crucial for long-term and successful project management. 

The rapid growth of digital content and the increasing complexity of information management have made metadata essential for organizing and accessing digital library collections. Traditional manual methods of metadata creation and maintenance struggle to handle large and diverse collections efficiently. As a result, many libraries are exploring the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to automate and improve metadata workflows. This study conducts a systematic literature review to examine how AI is being applied to metadata management in digital libraries, focusing on its benefits, challenges, and future potential. The review follows the PRISMA guidelines and analyzes 24 peer-reviewed studies published between 2005 and 2025. The findings show that AI technologies, particularly Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning, are being used to automate tasks such as metadata generation, classification, and enrichment. Tools like BERT and GPT-4 demonstrate strong performance in tasks like keyword extraction and entity recognition, while hybrid systems combining AI with human oversight help ensure accuracy. Despite these advancements, challenges remain. Many libraries face difficulties integrating AI with existing systems, and concerns about bias, transparency, and data privacy persist. The review also identifies gaps in research, such as the need for more studies on multilingual metadata and real-world implementation. This study provides a comprehensive overview of AI applications in metadata management and offers recommendations for libraries considering AI adoption. It highlights the need for ethical guidelines, staff training, and further research to ensure AI is used effectively and responsibly in digital libraries. 

Background: Mental health problems among children and adolescents are increasing both nationally and globally. In many cases, the district nurse is the first person the children or adolescents open up to, making their health-promoting work highly important. District nurses require competence and effective collaboration in order to achieve the best possible outcomes. By describing district nurses’ experiences of promoting mental health among schoolchildren, a broader understanding of areas that need development can emerge. Aim: To illuminate district nurses’ experiences of promoting mental health among school children. Method: A structured literature review based on nine qualitative articles, three mixed-method articles, and two quantitative articles, totaling 14 articles. The data analysis was conducted in accordance with Whittemore and Knafl’s (2005) integrative method. Results:. The analysis resulted in three main themes; The school nurse’s role in identifying mental health problems among school-aged children, Health-promoting tools mean collaboration, accessibility, and health forms and The school nurse’s perception of children’s and adolescents’ mental health. Seven sub-themes were identified; The school nurse’s challenges, The caring relationship, The school nurse’s needs and competence, Identifying and promoting mental health, Creative methods as a health-promoting intervention, Working in groups with a focus on school children’s mental health and To meet gender differences. Conclusion: Promoting mental health among school-aged children requires considerable competence and effort from the district nurse. It is advantageous for person-centred care to form the core of the practice, while it is equally essential that care interventions are developed in collaboration with other healthcare providers. 

Background: Mental health problems among children and adolescents are an increasing public health concern. This leads to suffering for both the individual and their family and friends. If left untreated, mental health problems can have serious consequences, including difficulties in completing education, entering the labour market, and achieving a meaningful adult life. School health services play a central role in identifying and preventing mental health problems among children and adolescents. The school nurse holds a key position within school health services, often serving as the initial point of contact for all students. Aim: To illuminate school nurses' experiences of encountering students with mental health problems within student health services. In order to address the study's aim, a qualitative systematic literature review with an inductive approach was chosen. Twelve articles were included following data collection, and their data were analysed. Results: The findings were organized into three main themes and six sub-themes. Patients’ relationship emphasizes the importance of recognizing and addressing the student in their entirety. Sustainability illuminates the school nurse's experience of moving between hope and despair when encountering students with mental health problems. Finally, the challenges faced by school nurses are described, encompassing barriers to student interactions, collaboration difficulties, experiences of professional uncertainty, and structural factors that foster feelings of inadequacy. Conclusion: The school nurse experienced a need for additional time and resources to manage the increased workload, together with professional development to ensure confidence in their professional role when working with students experiencing mental health issues.

Förskolan har genomgått stora förändringar och är sedan läroplanen 1998 (Lpfö98) en del av skolväsendet. Sedan revideringen av läroplanen 2018 (Lpfö18) har begreppen undervisning och utbildning tillkommit. Syftet med studien är att ta del av vilka kompetenser förskollärare anser sig vara i behov av i sitt dagliga arbete på förskolan. Då utvecklingen av läroplanen för förskolan (Lpfö18) tagit in undervisning som begrepp vill vi undersöka om det har påverkat förskollärarnas kompetensbild och kraven på yrkesrollen. Studien har genomförts med en kombination av kvalitativ och kvantitativ metod och utarbetats i form av en semistrukturerad enkät. Enkäten skickades ut digitalt till två kommuner i södra Sverige, där 55 förskollärare deltog. Resultatet är uppdelat i tre olika kategorier: Förskollärarnas reflektioner kring deras behov av kompetenser, förskollärarnas resonemang kring undervisning och förskollärarnas resonemang kring att möta styrdokumenten. I resultatet framkommer det att en hög andel anser sig ha kompetens för att möta läroplanens mål och det som krävs i deras yrkesroll. Resultatet visar dock på att det finns utmaningar i yrkesrollen när det kommer till kompetensutveckling, såsom att det förskollärarna efterfrågar inte är det som erbjuds eller prioriteras. I och med inträdet av undervisningsbegreppet i förskolan har ansvaret för förskollärare ökat och det finns ett större krav på dokumentation. Förskollärarna ser till stor del begreppet undervisning som positivt då det höjt professionen och kvalitén på utbildningen, men att det tillkommer utmaningar i form av tidsbrist, dokumentation och att erhålla rätt kompetensutveckling. 

Personalisering är en försvenskning av engelska personalization som också kallas för personanpassning eller kundanpassning. Många små och medelstora företag står inför flera kritiska förändringar när det gäller användning av personalisering i samband med dataskyddslagen (GDPR), begränsad användning av tredjepartscookies och tillämpning av profileringsanalys för personanpassning. Det kan handla om till exempel integritetsfrågor, informationssäkerhet, datainsamling, och exkluderande och partiskt innehåll. Målet med rapporten är att bidra med utveckling och spridning av riktlinjer för digitala strategier för att hantera potentiella motreaktioner och risker i svenska små och medelstora företag som använder sig av personalisering.

Denna rapport presenterar etiska riktlinjer för ansvarsfull användning av datadriven personalisering inom marknadsföring och detaljhandel. Riktlinjerna är framtagna inom ramen för forskningsprojektet Effekter av etik i digital marknadsföring – en studie av personalisering i små och medelstora företag vid Högskolan i Borås och syftar till att stödja styrelser, ledning, marknadschefer och operativa team i att hantera etiska frågor kopplade till personalisering som en organisatorisk praktik. Projektet finansierades av Hakon Swenson Stiftelsen.

The number of people living with dementia diseases are increasing worldwide and are estimated to increase by 166% over a period of 31 years. Dementia diseases is a collective name for multiple diagnoses that affects the cognitive, social and communicative ability. More people are seeking care earlier in the course of the disease and there is a lack of knowledge in primary care. Dementia diseases are not treatable and are progressive diseases that often result in progressive cognitive symptoms. The aim of this thesis is to describe district nurses’ experience of patient participation in patients that are living with dementia in municipal care. This thesis is based on a qualitative method and an inductive approach. Eight district nurses with varying experience of patients living with dementia and who are working in municipal primary care have been interviewed using a semi-structural interview technique. The data analysis is executed through a manifest qualitative content analysis. The results of the study were divided into four categories: Patient related factors that affect the patient participation, family members influence on patient participation, district nurses and other healthcare professionals’ importance on patient participation and organizational factors that affect the patient participation. The conclusions reveal a lack of insight into the disease, individualized care, good relationship with the patient, early care planning and the importance of continuity as factors that can affect the patient participation both in a positive and in a negative way in patients with dementia. The district nurse needs to be aware of these factors to increase patient participation in patients with dementia.

This research investigates user awareness and perceptions of social media algorithms, focusing specifically on how limited understanding of social media algorithms impacts privacy and data security concerns. Using a qualitative approach rooted in descriptive phenomenology, semi-structred interviews were conducted with participants aged 25-35, who actively engage with platforms such as Tiktok, Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter. Thematic analysis revealed three key insights, the first is that participants recognized patterns of algorithmic personalization but lacked deep technical understanding. The second insight is that participants adjusted their behavior in response to perceived algorithmic influence yet expressed limited control. Lastly, while privacy concerns were acknowledged, many accepted data collection as the ‘cost’ of participation. The study findings highlight that users’ posses superficial awareness that shapes their online behavior, as well as underscore the need for greater algorithmic transperancy, digital literacy, and ethical platform designs. This research contributes valuable insights for academics, policymakers, and platform designers by highlighting the gap between user awareness and social media algorithms, emphasizing the need for improved social media algorithm awareness. 

Digital security is becoming increasingly important as society transitions to digital platforms. At the same time threats such as phishing, cyberattacks and fraud are happening more frequently which is placing a higher demand on secure authentication. Passwords alone have been proven to be insufficient, which is why two-factor verification (2FA) is used to strengthen the protection against unauthorized access. This study aims to investigate how common it is for users of digital accounts to use two-factor verification as well as the factors that lead some to refrain from using it. The study also provides valuable insights that may help organizations in the development of more user-friendly security solutions. The data was collected through a quantitative survey which gathered a total of 108 respondents. The questions focused on usability, perceived security and attitudes towards two-factor verification. The results show that 2FA is perceived as a safer method than passwords alone but its use is limited by perceived complexity, lack of knowledge and low usability. Convenience and preferences, for example toward SMS-based solutions also play a central role. The study identified a gap between awareness and actual use as well as a demand for more standardized solutions that work across different platforms. The conclusion is that organizations need to develop standardized and more user-friendly solutions as well as providing more information about the benefit of two-factor verification. By combining security and usability, both adoption and implementation can be increased.

This study is written in swedish. Over the last two decades Agile methods have become one of the dominant approaches for managing complex, fast paced software projects, yet organisations still report widely differing outcomes. To move beyond a purely prescriptive view of “doing Agile”, this study investigates how development teams live Agile values in day-to-day work. Guided by the 5C framework Communication, Collaboration, Customer focus, Continuous improvement and Courage Using a qualitative, abductive approach, this study is based on six semi-structured interviews with four developers, a development manager, a sales lead, and a project manager. The data was analysed using the 5C- framework. The results show that Agile practices such as daily stand-ups, short sprints, and regular customer contact help improve the team’s transparency and responsiveness. Although the team's customer communication is strong, instances where a single developer is responsible for a project could result in miscommunication. The team feels safe to share ideas and reflect upon their work, but time constraints often leave little room frr improvement. This study adds valuable insight into how Agile practices are shaped by company culture and everyday project demands. By using the 5C framework as a lens, it identifies areas for improvement, such as incorporating retrospectives as an integral part of the process, rethinking the design of customer involvement and clarifying roles to avoid miscommunication. These findings can help teams better align Agile methods with real value creation, improving the chances of long-term success. 

The purpose of this study is to examine approaches to book reading (Thorson, 1988), how they can present in book promotion and how they can interact with elements of the reading circle (Chambers, 2011). The timeframe for the study is the decade of the 2010s, when reading promotion was in focus due to alarming reports of worsening reading skills and reading motivation among children in Sweden. The theoretical framework that guided the study consisted of three approaches to reading (emancipatory, traditional and instrumental, own translation) by Thorson (1988) and the reading circle (selection, reading, response) by Chambers (2011). Five reading promotion handbooks written by Swedish authors and published in the 2010s were analysed. The method used was qualitative content analysis. The analysis consisted of two steps: the first rooted in Thorson’s (1988) theory and with aim to describe reading approaches found in handbooks, the second utilising both Thorson’s (1988) and Chambers’ (2011) theories and describing patterns between reading approaches and elements of the reading circle. The results show that all three approaches to book reading were present in the handbooks, however one of them, the emancipatory approach, seems to dominate. The results also show a pattern between distinguished approaches to bookreading and elements of Chambers (2011) reading circle, that was described by creation of 11 categories, like creative response and critical response. This suggests that handbook authors had different associations with those elements. The result also suggests that they prioritised some aspects of reading over others.

This essay aims to look deeper into the causes and effects of the phenomenon called book banning, where people call for books of certain genres to be taken away from easy access shelves at libraries and schools. The essay further intends to find answers as to how the book banning process can affect rules/laws concerning the contents of library collections and the actions of library employees. Due to the subject’s actuality in the states and how it is brought up in the media as well as in social media, the essay will make a comparison between the USA and Sweden, where the debate concerning the suitability of the contents of books is a lot more subtle and not as visible to the general public as the debate in the states.

The results show that the cause for book banning historically has been mostly the same as it is today: to control the narrative and thus control the population in one way or the other. The most common claim from those who actively challenge books is to “protect the children” from dangerous or harmful influences. The book banning debate can affect the rules and to some degree the laws concerning libraries in a state in the USA, due to the way that the legal system is constructed. The library laws and rules in Sweden, however, cannot be affected in the same manner, due to the specified protection that Swedish libraries have in the constitution of rights to free information.

Hard-to-heal wounds represent a growing global public health issue, closely associated with the increasing proportion of older and frail patients. District nurses, often working in primary care and community home settings, play a key role in managing such wounds. Hard-to-heal wounds contribute to increased patient suffering, which makes a person-centered approach and an understanding of the patient's daily life important to reduce suffering and promote health. This study aimed to explore district nurses’ experiences of caring for patients with hard-to-heal wounds. A systematic literature review with a qualitative approach was conducted, resulting in the inclusion of twelve articles. Data were analyzed and synthesized into four main themes and six subthemes: 1. Limited competence and skill development. 2. The district nurse’s teamwork and challenges. 3. The impact of organizational structure and work environment on caregiving. 4. Person-centered care and the psychosocial dimensions of caregiving. The results indicate that teamwork plays a crucial role in wound care, enhancing both workflow and the district nurse’s confidence. However, several complex challenges were identified, including limited knowledge, high workload, time constraints, and insufficient access to materials. Organizational shortcomings such as poor communication were also seen to affect effective wound care. Despite these barriers, a person-centered approach was perceived to facilitate caregiving and support the wound healing process. The findings emphasize the need for enhanced competence, organizational support, and person-centered practices in the care of patients with hard-to-heal wounds.

Background: The operating theatre is a complex high-tech environment, where members from different professions work together in a multiprofessional surgical team for the best interest of the patient. Teamwork involves different aspects that need to work so that the surgery can be performed in a safe way. The operating room nurse is a member of the team, with a special responsibility for, among other things, patient positioning, prevention of surgical site infections and material counting during surgery. The operating room nurse must also watch over the patient to protect them against healthcare related injuries. During surgery, different kinds of healthcare related injuries can occur, and lead to severe consequences. This highlights the importance of the patient safety work protecting against health care related injuries during surgery, especially as a large proportion of these injuries are considered avoidable. Aim: To describe operating room nurses’ experience of the multiprofessional intraoperative teamwork in relation to patient safety. Method: Literature review with a systematic approach. The literature research was conducted using the CINAHL, PubMed and Scopus databases. It generated a total of 302 results, of which 14 articles were included in the present study and a content analysis was performed. Results: Operating room nurses’ experience of teamwork in relation to patient safety was described in three categories and six subcategories. Each category had two subcategories. The categories were: The team’s construction and collaboration are relevant for patient safety; Relations and direction in the team affect patient safety; Communication in the team is relevant for patient safety. Conclusions: Operating room nurses experience that teamwork is of crucial importance for patient safety. Patient safety was seen to be promoted by clear roles and competencies as well as by well-functioning collaboration and communication, while factors such as lack of a common direction and poor communication could threaten patient safety.

The operating room is a complex environment where different professions need to collaborate to ensure that the patients receive good and safe care. Good communication is required to maintain collaboration and patient safety. Poor patient safety can lead to serious consequences for the patient. The aim of this literature review is to illustrate operating room nurses' experiences of intraoperative teamwork and communication. The thesis method is a systematic literature review with a qualitative approach. The literature search was conducted in the databases Cinahl, PubMed and Scopus. 13 scientific articles were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results are presented in a general theme, Teamwork and communication affects patient safety, two main themes: Collaborating in the surgical team with the sub-themes: The mutual plan, Hierarchy and inappropriate behaviors in the operating room, Team composition and Mutual respect and understanding. The second main theme is Communication challenges with the sub-themes: Speaking up, Unclear communication and Non-verbal communication. The conclusion is that teamwork and communication go hand in hand and are important aspects in achieving patient safe surgical care. Both teamwork and communication are promoted by mutual respect and trust and facilitated by a team where members know each other. Inappropriate behavior and hierarchy within the surgical team constitute an obstacle to good and safe communication. 

This thesis investigates how contaminants such as polypropylene (PP) and polyamide (PA) affect the mechanical and thermal properties of polyethylene (PE), with a particular focus on recycled polyethylene (rPE). Controlled blends of PE with defined amounts of PP, PA, and rPE were prepared and analyzed using tensile testing, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Oxidation Induction Time (OIT), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).

The results show that the incorporation of PP and PA into PE leads to significant degradation in mechanical strength and flexibility, especially at concentrations around 5%. At lower concentrations, some effects were observed, but they could not be confirmed with certainty using the employed methods. FTIR showed the best capacity to identify PP and PA, but only at4higher levels, whereas OIT emerged as the most sensitive method, detecting changes in oxidative stability even at very low contaminant levels.

In the analysis of two batches where virgin PE was mixed with rPE, noticeable property deterioration was observed. However, FTIR and DSC failed to detect PP or PA, indicating the possible presence of other low-level, unidentified contaminants in the recycled material. The study highlights the importance of rigorous quality control and the need for sensitive and complementary analytical methods when evaluating the technical performance of rPE.

The present study investigated the fermentation of oat suspension by Lactobacillus acidophilus with the aim of evaluating its growth kinetics and nutritional profile. To facilitate microbial proliferation, enzymatic pretreatment using α-amylase and glucoamylase was employed, enabling the conversion of oat starch to glucose. Growth analysis revealed that L. acidophilus attained optimal growth in 5% oat suspension at 37°C, achieving a doubling time of approximately four hours. Nutritional assessment demonstrated the presence of essential amino acids in fermented oats, while elemental analysis indicated a high carbon content consistent with the polysaccharide-rich composition of oats. Riboflavin (vitamin B2) was detected only in negligible amounts, suggesting limited vitamin biosynthesis under the tested conditions. Fatty acid profiling by gas chromatography showed linoleic acid as the most abundant fatty acid, followed by oleic and palmitic acids, whereas stearic and linolenic acids occurred in trace proportions. The findings establish fermented oat as a functional food with promising nutritional and probiotic attributes. Further research is recommended to optimize fermentation for vitamin enrichment, assess nutrient bioavailability, and evaluate sensory quality and consumer acceptability for potential commercial applications.

The use of increasingly complex technology is constantly growing in intraoperative care. This requires perioperative nurses to be able to handle and work with new technical equipment, where a lack of knowledge and unclear areas of responsibility can lead to uncertainty and stress. For the patient, the technology can mean new opportunities for care and treatment, but it risks taking the focus away from the care and thereby risking patient safety. Aim: The aim of this study is to explore perioperative nurses’ experiences and perceptions of technology in the operating environment. Method: The study is an integrative literature review. A total of 12 articles were included in the overview, and thematic analysis was used. Results: The data analysis generated four main themes: Education, competence and adaptation; Adapting to changing roles; Responsibility and teamwork and the impact of technology on work and the environment, and concerns about patient care and safety as technology advances. The perioperative nurses emphasized that systematic opportunities for education and training are often lacking, making it difficult to acquire new technological skills in a way that fosters confidence and professional security. They expressed concern that patients may become overlooked in the increasingly high-tech operating environment, as attention is frequently drawn toward managing technology rather than patient care. While experience contributes to confidence and competence, inadequate education and training pose a potential risk to patient safety. Conclusion: Perioperative nurses experience technology both as a resource that enhances patient safety through efficiency and precision, and as a source of concern and stress. Awareness and support from management and the organization are required to meet future challenges while safeguarding patient safety and well-being.

In connection with the construction industry´s carbon dioxide emissions and the constantly increasing demands for sustainability, the reuse of materials becomes an important part of the transition to a circular economy. This study was conducted in collaboration with NCC and examines the environmental and economic aspects of using recycled concrete as aggregate in new concrete. The aim is to compare the climate and cost impact of producing virgin ballast and recycled ballast from a life cycle perspective for a quarry in Kungälv.

To achieve the goal and answer the research question, this study has applied a life cycle analysis (LCA) and a life cycle cost analysis (LCC) in accordance with the established standards SS-EN ISO 14040 and SS-EN ISO 14044. The system boundary was set to “cradle to gate,” focusing on the climate impact and costs from raw material procurement to aggregate production. The data collection included both primary data from NCC in the form of interview studies and field visits, while secondary data was gathered from Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) and established sources as Boverket.

The results showed that the recycled ballast had a lower climate impact (GWP) than the virgin ballast. The GWP of the virgin ballast was 2,49 kgCO2e/ton, while the recycled ballast was 1,88 kgCO2e/ton. Similar results were observed for the costs, with the virgin ballast showing a cost of 19,17 SEK/ton compared to the recycled ballast, where the cost was 8.55 SEK/ton. The results for both costs and climate impact are reported per ton produced material.

The analysis showed that using recycled concrete contributes positively to both climate and economic sustainability. As the blasting moment was not considered, this resulted in a reduced GWP and a lower price for the recycled ballast. However, it was found that transport logistics are crucial for achieving significant climate and cost benefits.

Transport distances are significant for reducing both climate and cost impact, which is clearly evident in both LCA and LCC results. However, the economic analysis in this study is limited to only direct energy costs, such as electricity and diesel in the crushing process as well as transportations. Costs such as maintenance, personnel costs, et cetera, are not considered in this study. This means that the costs analysis is not complete, but despite this, the included energy costs are deemed sufficient to represent the main cost impact of the production process.

This thesis explores the potential of Augmented Reality (AR) to enhance consumer experiences in the furniture e-commerce sector. With the increasing shift toward online shopping, visualizing products within actual living spaces has become vital for reducing uncertainty and increasing purchase confidence. The study investigates how AR can improve understanding of furniture size, design, and fit through contextual visualization, thereby influencing buying decisions and reducing return rates. A mixed-methods approach, including surveys and qualitative analyses, was employed to assess consumer attitudes, perceived benefits, and challenges associated with AR use. Results show that 83% of participants find AR visualization highly interesting, and 67% report increased trust in products when using AR. Participants highlight realistic visualization and ease of use as critical factors for adoption, though technical limitations such as inaccurate scaling and material depiction were noted. The study emphasizes the importance of context-awareness and seamless integration of AR within e-commerce platforms to foster customer confidence and satisfaction. Ethical considerations around data privacy and informed consent are also discussed, acknowledging the sensitive nature of visual data collection in consumers’ home environments. While AR demonstrates significant promise in transforming online furniture shopping from a passive experience into an active, contextually rich interaction, technical refinements are necessary to address current limitations. Future research should explore long-term adoption effects, cultural differences, and ethical frameworks for data handling. Ultimately, AR offers a valuable tool to bridge the gap between digital and physical shopping, contributing to more informed decisions, higher satisfaction, and reduced product returns in the furniture industry.

Denna studie handlar om 1:1 enheter och syftet med studien är att undersöka hur och på vilket sätt lärare i mellanstadiet använder 1:1 i sin undervisning. Det som är centralt för studien är lärares erfarenheter av att använda 1:1 i undervisningen men också hur och på vilket sätt digitala lärresurser används. Det som också undersöks är vad lärare har fått för kompetensutveckling inom ämnet digitalisering och vad som eventuellt saknas. Man kan utläsa av tidigare forskning att lärare generellt har fått för lite kompetensutveckling inom ämnet digitalisering men det framgår inte vad för typ av kompetensutveckling som lärare önskar vilket jag kommer ta reda på i denna studie.

Den metod som ligger till grund för arbetet är en enkätundersökning. Enkäten skickades ut till lärare som undervisar i mellanstadiet på tre olika skolor och sammanlagt har 30 enkäter skickats ut. Enkäten är indelad i tre olika delar som knyter an till mina frågeställningar. Första delen handlar om 1:1 i undervisningen, andra delen om digitala lärresurser och den sista delen om kompetensutveckling.

Resultatet i denna studie visar bland annat att lärare ändrat sitt arbetssätt mycket sedan eleverna fått 1:1 och att det blir en större variation av material i undervisningen. Det som framkommit är att lärare tycker att man lättare kan individanpassa undervisningen. Man kan lägga ut olika svårighetsgrad av exempelvis en text utan att det blir synligt att elever har olika texter. Man kan även lägga ut extrauppgifter till de elever som snabbt blir färdiga. Flertalet lärare i studien upplever att elevernas läsning gynnas när de kan lyssna på texter eftersom de på så vis kan få till sig en berättelse på detta sätt i stället. Det man kan utläsa av studien är att det inte finns några digitala lärresurser där skolan har köpt en egen licens. Dock finns det några få program där kommunen har en licens. Många lärare önskar att skolan köpte in fler digitala lärresurser där handledning, arbetsmaterial och uppdateringar ingår. De är ofta dyra i kombination med att det redan finns fysiska böcker och då anser många att det är onödigt att lägga pengarna på digitala också. Helst vill man kunna ha båda men det fungerar inte utan man måste välja. Digitala lärresurser uppdateras också regelbundet och på så vis är de alltid aktuella, så blir det inte med ett tryckt läromedel. Att använda digitala lärresurser kan dock ha sina nackdelar och flera lärare i studien tar upp aspekter som teknikstrul samt en oro för att eleverna gör annat än det de ska på sina digitala enheter.

Merparten av lärarna som deltog i studien upplever att de fått för lite kompetensutveckling inom ämnet digitalisering. För att man som lärare på bästa sätt ska kunna använda 1:1 med eleverna krävs regelbunden kompetensutveckling då utvecklingen snabbt går framåt. Det som önskas är kompetensutveckling inom olika program som förväntas användas med eleverna. Oftast får lärare själva sätta sig in i dessa program vilket är tidskrävande när utbildad personal istället kunnat visa på ett mer effektivt sätt.

Resultatet i denna studie vilar på subjektivitet från lärarna och ger således en bild av hur specifikt dessa lärare ställer sig i frågan om 1:1.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are a global public health issue that causes mortality in individuals worldwide. In cardiovascular diseases, self-care plays a vital role in management, which entails lifestyle modification and the patient’s active involvement in their own care. Patients' experience of self-care is essential to identify what facilitates or hinders effective self-care. 

Aim: Patients’ experiences of what can hinder or facilitate self-care in cardiovascular disease. Method: Literature review with a systematic approach and qualitative method. Searches were conducted in the databases CINAHL, PubMed and Scopus. A total of 15 articles were included, and their findings were analyzed using thematic analysis according to Burnard (1991). 

Results: The synthesis resulted in two main categories, each with two subcategories. The first main category; A new everyday life for the sake of health including the subcategories Adapting daily life to new circumstances and Establishing new routines for healthier eating habits. The second main category; Support that makes change possible including the subcategories Drawing strength from faith, culture and inner resources and Receiving support from others. Self- care was perceived as both a challenge and an opportunity for change, where support from family, friends and healthcare professionals, as well as motivation and cultural factors, played a significant role. 

Conclusion: The district nurse plays an important role in motivating, supporting, and tailoring care to each patient’s cultural background, needs and life situation. The literature review highlights the importance of individualized support and effective communication to promote patient participation and self-care ability. 

The perceived discrepancy between public libraries’ democratic claims and their actual practice inspired this case study. The study investigates Swedish library personnels' perceptions of the democratic mission of libraries. Arguments by American library scholar John Buschman are drawn upon, about how a traditional narrative shapes perceptions of librarians. Perceptions that, albeit beneficial, are built upon outdated views of how democracy functions in modern society. By first examining what parts of democracy-narratives are reflected in the views of personnel at a small-town public library, the study confirms the prevalence of shared democracy-narratives. Yet, both within the field of library and information science and among the library personnel, there are somewhat contrasting ideas of how public libraries should operate to fulfil the democratic mission. In the absence of conversation about the library’s democratic mission, personnel are likely to interpret and implement it in different ways - especially since the mission can easily be subsumed within any or all of the library’s practices. The study also finds that the question of how public libraries can support democracy is not the only one worth considering. For one, the democratic system must itself be worth supporting, since the mission loses its meaning if the ways for people to participate fail to function. Secondly, libraries are also advocates for the kinds of values a democracy should embody. The study concludes that, as a first step, library personnel should be given the opportunity to discuss and learn more about democracy.

Barngrupperna i förskolan blir allt större medan lokalerna i förskolan behåller sin storlek. Utomhusvistelsen kan därför behöva ta större plats i förskolan, vilket även innefattar att förskollärare bör besitta kunskap gällande arbetet med utomhuspedagogik. Vår ambition med denna studie blir därav att tillgodose förskollärare med information gällande förskollärares uppfattningar och erfarenheter kring möjligheter och hinder i arbetet med utomhuspedagogik. Med hjälp av olika förskollärares erfarenheter och uppfattningar är syftet med denna studie att bredda kunskapen om utomhuspedagogik gällande hinder, möjligheter och förskollärares uppfattningar i arbetet med utomhuspedagogik. För att uppnå en ökad bredd av förståelser, uppfattningar och erfarenheter har de medverkande förskolorna varit belägna på olika geografiska platser. Det är kvalitativa halvstrukturerade intervjuer som har genomförts i denna fenomenografiska studie. Det är nio förskollärare från tre olika förskolor som har deltagit i studien. Vi har analyserat vårt insamlade material utifrån en fenomenografisk analysmodell i sju olika steg. Resultatet i studien visar att de flesta förskollärare har en samsyn kring sina uppfattningar av utomhuspedagogik och menar att utomhuspedagogik är när en planerad och strukturerad undervisning sker utomhus. Avslutningsvis visar resultatet även att förskolans resurser såsom barnantal, ekonomi och materiella ting anses som ett hinder i arbetet med utomhuspedagogik. Däremot såg de allra flesta förskolans närmiljö, såsom skogen som en möjlighet för utomhuspedagogik i förskolan. 

This thesis seeks to analyse historical expectations of the competence and personality traits of librarian students. Through a hermeneutic reading of public enquiries and other discussions of librarian education from 1911 to 2009, it applies a Weberian analysis of conflicting rationalities to the research question. The material show cases both continuously reoccuring discussions, such as concerns regarding the suitability of new librarians with regard to personality, as well as some historical changes, such as a decreased emphasis on a broad, general education outside of the field of library science and an increased dominance of instrumental rationales for decisions.

Digital security is becoming increasingly important as society transitions to digital platforms. At the same time threats such as phishing, cyberattacks and fraud are happening more frequently which is placing a higher demand on secure authentication. Passwords alone have been proven to be insufficient, which is why two-factor verification (2FA) is used to strengthen the protection against unauthorized access. This study aims to investigate how common it is for users of digital accounts to use two-factor verification as well as the factors that lead some to refrain from using it. The study also provides valuable insights that may help organizations in the development of more user-friendly security solutions. The data was collected through a quantitative survey which gathered a total of 108 respondents. The questions focused on usability, perceived security and attitudes towards two-factor verification. The results show that 2FA is perceived as a safer method than passwords alone but its use is limited by perceived complexity, lack of knowledge and low usability. Convenience and preferences, for example toward SMS-based solutions also play a central role. The study identified a gap between awareness and actual use as well as a demand for more standardized solutions that work across different platforms. The conclusion is that organizations need to develop standardized and more user-friendly solutions as well as providing more information about the benefit of two-factor verification. By combining security and usability, both adoption and implementation can be increased.

Seasonal Intervention

During the Växjö Kulturnatten we let the weather decide

if we can ice-skate in our Tiny House on Wheels,

or need to wear rubber boots. The intervention aimed

to generate experiences of the big impact that just

a few degrees more or less can have in our lives. A

few weeks later at Linnaeus University campus, we

repeated the intervention after a week of lower temperatures.

Växjö Culture Night and Linnaeus University Campus, January 2025.

Seasonal Interventions

During a trip to Stockholm in November 2024, we

explored how a Tiny House filled with autumn leaves

inspires poetic reflections about the forests and our

ways of interacting with resources.

Exploring Poetic Imagination with Fire, Water, Air and Earth Symposium at Stockholm School of Economics, 12-14 November 2024.

Ten Research Projects on Art in Designed Living Environments – Final Conference at ArkDesand Moderna Museet, 15 November 2024.

In summer 2024 I set out to physically investigate

the idea of installing a tunnel across the

ThoW. I imagined a tunnel similar to wildlife

corridors, tunnels under or bridges across motorways

for example. How about having such

corridors through buildings as well? Corridors

for wind, birds, and flying insects, corridors for

above ground dwellers and underground creatures.

Maybe humans could share some resources

with them and observe how they are taken

care of by others?Seasonal Intervention that took place in July 2024, Toftahult, Sweden