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  • 51.
    Abdullahi, Farhia
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Business and IT.
    Topic, Dina
    University of Borås, School of Business and IT.
    Koordinering mellan IT-management- och affärsstrategier: En studie inom postorder/distanshandelföretag2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor)Student thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    I dagens organisationer har man förstått att utvecklingen av teknologin går fort och framåt. För att kun-na hänga med i framåtskridandet måste företag och verksamheter anpassa sig efter utvecklingen som sker i omvärlden för att inte hamna efter. Många företag anser att det inte räcker med bara satsa på af-färsstrategier för att kunna lyckas på marknaden utan behöver också ta fram Informationsteknik-/Informationssystem-strategier som ska stödja affärsstrategierna. Det innebär att kopplingen mellan af-färs- och IT-/IS-strategier är väsentlig på grund av att de är beroende av varandra för att företaget ska lyckas att nå sina mål. Problematik kan uppstå när företag ska koordinera de nämnda strategierna. Det kan då finnas tendens att behandla informationsteknologin som ”kostnadscentrerad” eller se den som en dyr investering, snarare än en möjliggörare som driver affärsvärdet. Samordningen av informations-teknik och affärsstrategi, för att utnyttja IT-funktionerna och omvandla verksamheten, har ökat i bety-delse sen flera år tillbaka. Företag strävar efter konkurrensfördel i den mångskiftande och föränderliga marknaden. Det finns mycket forskning och insikt om sambanden mellan affärs- och IT-strategi, och den rollen om partnerskap mellan IT och företagsledningen kan spela. Vi har genomfört djupintervjuer enligt en kvalitativ undersökningsmetod. Det empiriska materialet har analyserat genom abduktiv me-tod och hermeneutisk förhållningsätt. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur företag samordnar IT-management- och affärsstrategi. En viktig aspekt i undersökningen är relationen mellan IT-avdelningen och företagsledningen - hur företagsledningen prioriterar strategierna. Dessutom vill vi belysa bakom-liggande orsaker till de problem som tycks föreligga i området. Syftet är inte heller att dra några gene-rella slutsatser utan deskriptivt angripa problemet. Svaret på vår forskningsfråga om hur de strategierna koordineras i postorder/distanshandel företag är implicit. Den bakomliggande orsaken till detta anser vi vara bristen på väl formulerade strategier. Detta är ett mönster som kan vi se i alla de tre företag. IT-cheferna måste visa framfötterna när gäller strategi formulering. Det är deras ansvar att kräva från ledningen tydliga affärsstrategier för att lättare formule-ra och koordinera IM-strategin med affärsstrategierna. Postorder/distanshandel företag befinner sig i en växande branschen dessa företag kommer att bli tvungna att ha väl formulerande strategier i framtiden.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 52. Abdullahi, Shamso
    et al.
    Azadkhangha, Mona
    Religionskunskap ur lärarperspektiv: En kunskapsöversikt2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Vi lever i ett mångkulturellt samhälle och därmed möter vi elever med olika trosuppfattningar. Enligt Skolverket (2011) skall religionsundervisningen bidra till att öka elevernas kännedom om alla religioner samt skapa en djupare förståelse och tolerans om andras trosuppfattningar. Därför lägger Skolverket (2011) vikt på att undervisningen ska bedrivas på ett icke- konfessionellt synsätt (Skolverket 2011). Det medför olika utmaningar för lärarna. Vårt syfte med översikten är att ta reda på vilka utmaningar lärarna möter samt deras inställning till religionskunskap. För att kunna bekanta oss vid ämnet valde vi relevanta nyckelord och sökte i databaser såsom ERIC (ProQuest). Flertalet funna artiklar handlade i stora omfattningar om religionskunskap dock var det inte begränsat inom vårt forskningsområde.  För att kunna begränsa sökningen ytterligare skapade vi urvalskriterier som resulterade till tio träffar av vetenskapliga artiklar som verkade relevanta till vår sökning. Resultatet i vår översikt tyder på att lärarna möter olika utmaningar i religionsundervisningen. Vidare visar resultatet vilka åtgärder som krävs för att kunna bemöta dessa utmaningar.

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    fulltext
  • 53.
    Abdulrazek, Maha
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Prodanovic, Martina
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Larsson, Rasmus
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Förtroende & Lojalitet: för Svenska Banker2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Bank meetings in person have decreased in the last few years because of the increased digitalization of the Swedish banks. Personal meetings have previously been regarded as important to create and maintain trust and previous research have shown that a decline in physical meetings leads to a decrease in trust. The Covid-19 pandemic has dramatically sped up the digitalization, partially because of new services but also due to the fact that the customers now use the previous services provided to a greater extent. A survey that was conducted during the pandemic showed that the trust in banks had decreased. The purpose of this study is to examine whether digitalization and service affects trust and whether trust affects the loyalty to the banks. This study is a cross-sectional study, based on a quantitative method with a deductive approach, where we gather survey data at one point in time. Our results showed that service and digitalization have an effect on trust for the Swedish banks and furthermore that trust has an effect on the loyalty. Our sample is based on students from the University of Borås and 104 people responded to our survey. The rest of this essay is written in Swedish. 

  • 54.
    Abdusemed, Sabrin
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Karlsson-Rohmée, Jessika
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Att vårda patienter med Meticillinresistens Staphylococcus Areus: En litteraturöversikt2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) is a bacteria that is resistant to several forms of antibiotics. The spread of MRSA thus possess a threat to modern medicine and the possibility of effective treatment and care. To reduce the risk of MRSA spreading, healthcare professionals should work preventively, which is an important part of the work regarding antibiotic resistance. Due to the fact that healthcare professionals are those in the frontlines in the care of patients with MRSA, this study focuses on their experiences caring for said patients. Furthermore, a literature overview was used to perform this study.

    The result shows that there are differences in knowledge between the healthcare professionals. The amount of knowledge is also found to influence the attitude of healthcare professionals in caring for MRSA-infected patients. The results also showed that healthcare professionals were afraid of being infected by MRSA themselves. This fear could be reflected in their care which risked affecting the patients negatively with a feeling of isolation as a result. Furthermore, increased workload and lack of time was seen as a factor that made it more difficult to prevent infections and could lead to a poor execution of hand hygiene. In conclusion, Increased knowledge regarding MRSA made the healthcare workers more secure and comfortable in their care in comparison to those with little knowledge who were often scared and exaggerated their use of gloves and disinfection.

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    K2020:56
  • 55.
    Abdusemed, Wefae
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Shahin, Antonella
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Gustafsson, Maria
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Anställningsbarhet: hur har nyexaminerade studenter formats inför framtida arbetsliv2018Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Employability among newly graduated students, a concept that is being discussed more as of late, as well as it is growing. The interesting aspect of the concept is how you, as an individual, can contribute in order to better your employability skill or competence. Additional interesting aspects subsists of which factors within employability that are interesting among the employers and what the government, different organizations or education can do to contribute for a greater employability skill set. However, this thesis mainly focuses on what it actually means to be employable. This study is based on an analysis between two groups, one study group and one control group. The study concludes whether newly graduated students from two different groups feel that it is somewhat difficult to enter the labor market, where the study group have had some kind of connection with different business companies, through experience or shorter internships. How well do the individuals within these two different groups know their own employability? The aim of the study is to analyze whether there is a difference between the newly graduated students, within the two different groups, regarding their employability. Moreover, whether the students from the study group with internship experiences within their degree, have better employability competence or not. In order to reach out to a larger group, which we decided to define to no later graduation than five years prior to this study, we decided to use a quantitative method. A questionnaire survey was conducted where the survey was based on fixed options with possibility for voluntary supplementary comments. Furthermore, the choice of a questionnaire fell naturally because of the time limit as well as the need of a large amount of answers to reach the purpose of the study. A total of 183 answers were obtained where 1213 questionnaire were sent out, giving a response rate of 15, 09 percent and a loss of 84, 9 percent in the study. Based on the respondents results on their estimation of their different characteristics, which were in connection with the different employability factors, has the following concluding results been drawn: When it comes to the respondents’ estimation of themselves in the survey, the three most common options, which they consider to have acquired their characteristics from, are: education, family / upbringing and previous employment. The research group and the control group showed similar values and results, with no major differences. However, some interesting relations were found.

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    fulltext
  • 56.
    Abed, Samah
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Al-Kaisee, Farah
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Metallutvinning med fokus på zinkfrån avfallsflygaska med hjälp avsura processvatten2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Sweden produces large amount of fly ash from waste combustion annually. Combustion the

    waste generates two types of ashes, bottom ash/slag, and fly ash. Bottom ash is considered to

    be more environmentally friendly and has a wide area of application such as road

    constructions on landfills. While the fly ash has high level of heavy metals and for instance

    dioxines which are harmful for the environment. This type of ash are deposited in a landfill

    and gets classified as a hazardous waste which is expensive given that the deposit fee is high.

    The fact that fly ash contains valuable metals as zinc, methods of recovering it are being

    developed such as acid leaching. This is a promising method as the leachate used are acid

    process water making the usage of the chemicals substantially lower which makes it

    financially viable.

    Waste incinerators in Sweden produce approximately 200 000 tons of fly ash annually and the

    majority of it is transfered to Norway to get treated and put on a landfill. Some waste

    management companies, e.g. Renova, are using another method called “the Bamberg method”

    where fly ash is mixed with sludge to form a cake and put in the company’s own landfill.

    The projects goal is to leach the fly ash by using acidic process water to obtain the metallic

    substance particularly zinc making it easier and cheaper to landfill the ash and also to

    optimize this method to get the most zinc out of the ash using minimum amount of the acidic

    process water (5% HCI).

    The laboratory work took place in the University of Borås. Fly ash and the acid process water

    which were used under the laboratory work was obtained from RenovaAB.

    The results shows that leaching the fly ash with acidic process water gave different release of

    zinc but was 88% at most. The variation in the results depends on a few factors such as

    amount of acidic process water, pH, time, blending time and the ashes content.

    This project took environment and access to acidic water in consideration, which optimized

    the method of using less amount of acid process water to get the most zinc as possible.

    The results shows that leaching fly ash with acid process water is cost efficient and easy way

    to recover zinc, which satisfy the goals of the project.

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  • 57.
    Abedi Lahrodi, Nima
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Homa, Sofia
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Youssef, Sara
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Konflikter och konflikthantering mellan barn på fritidshem: Intervjuer med pedagoger kring deras upplevelser och lösningar2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna undersökning bygger på hur pedagoger inom fritidshemmet tolkar konflikter mellan elever samt hur pedagogerna arbetar med konflikthantering. Syftet har varit att undersöka hur konflikter uppstår mellan eleverna och hur de hanteras inom fritidshemsverksamheten utav fritidspedagogerna samt hur synen på konflikter uppfattas. Vår undersökning är byggd på en intervjustudie (Se bilaga 4). Studien baseras på en fenomenologisk ansats vilket ramar in vårt synsätt kring konflikt och konflikthantering. Som metod valde vi att utgå ifrån en kvalitativ intervju som är semistrukturerad. Bortsett från detta skriver vi även om urval, etiska överväganden, tillförlitlighet och giltighet. Det skrivs även om arbetets genomförande, analys samt hur vi har gått tillväga med arbetet. I resultatdelen presenterar vi vår empiri som vi har fått fram genom vår metod. Vi presenterar våra frågeställningar i form av att samtalen presenteras för sig och sedan presenterar vi citaten från de olika pedagogerna. Därefter lägger vi in våra egna kommentarer rörande ämnet. Vi gjorde våra intervjuer med hjälp av nio pedagoger som har olika utbildningar inom skolan, olika åldrar och olika bakgrund samt etnicitet och kön. I texten presenteras informanter i nummerform. Efter att noggrant granskat över allt material som vi fått in efter vår undersökning kom vi fram till att många pedagoger hade samma uppfattning kring ämnet konflikthantering. De ansåg att konflikthantering utvecklas med tiden och att det även är en stor del i vår utbildning som grundskolelärare inriktning mot fritidshem. När vi diskuterade ämnet konflikter ansåg pedagogerna att eleverna utvecklas av konflikter, men att det kan bli jobbigt för eleverna om de utsätt för konflikter för ofta. Detta på grund av att eleverna kanske inte vet hur de ska hantera konflikter och därför måste vi pedagoger lära eleverna olika metoder på konflikthantering. Genom att vi läraren är tillgängliga och stöttar eleverna blir de också mer självständiga med tiden.

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    uppsats
  • 58.
    Abedinifar, S.
    et al.
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology.
    Karimi, K
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology.
    Khanahmadi, M.
    Isfahan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Centre.
    Taherzadeh, Mohammad J
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Ethanol production by Mucor indicus and Rhizopus oryzae from rice straw by separate hydrolysis and fermentation2009In: Biomass and Bioenergy, ISSN 0961-9534, E-ISSN 1873-2909, Vol. 33, no 5, p. 828-833Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Rice straw was successfully converted to ethanol by separate enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation by Mucor indicus, Rhizopus oryzae, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The hydrolysis temperature and pH of commercial cellulase and β-glucosidase enzymes were first investigated and their best performance obtained at 45 °C and pH 5.0. The pretreatment of the straw with dilute-acid hydrolysis resulted in 0.72 g g-1 sugar yield during 48 h enzymatic hydrolysis, which was higher than steam-pretreated (0.60 g g-1) and untreated straw (0.46 g g-1). Furthermore, increasing the concentration of the dilute-acid pretreated straw from 20 to 50 and 100 g L-1 resulted in 13% and 16% lower sugar yield, respectively. Anaerobic cultivation of the hydrolyzates with M. indicus resulted in 0.36-0.43 g g-1 ethanol, 0.11-0.17 g g-1 biomass, and 0.04-0.06 g g-1 glycerol, which is comparable with the corresponding yields by S. cerevisiae (0.37-0.45 g g-1 ethanol, 0.04-0.10 g g-1 biomass and 0.05-0.07 glycerol). These two fungi produced no other major metabolite from the straw and completed the cultivation in less than 25 h. However, R. oryzae produced lactic acid as the major by-product with yield of 0.05-0.09 g g-1. This fungus had ethanol, biomass and glycerol yields of 0.33-0.41, 0.06-0.12, and 0.03-0.04 g g-1, respectively. 

  • 59. Abedinifar, Sorahi
    et al.
    Karimi, Keikhosro
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Khanahmadi, Morteza
    Taherzadeh, Mohammad J.
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Ethanol production by Mucor indicus and Rhizapus oryzae from rice straw by separate hydrolysis and fermentation2009In: Biomass and Bioenergy, ISSN 0961-9534, E-ISSN 1873-2909, Vol. 33, no 5, p. 828-833Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Rice straw was successfully converted to ethanol by separate enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation by Mucor indicus, Rhizopus oryzae, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The hydrolysis temperature and pH of commercial cellulase and beta-glucosidase enzymes were first investigated and their best performance obtained at 45 degrees C and pH 5.0. The pretreatment of the straw with dilute-acid hydrolysis resulted in 0.72 g g (1) sugar yield during 48 h enzymatic hydrolysis, which was higher than steam-pretreated (0.60 g g (1)) and untreated straw (0.46 g g(-1)). Furthermore, increasing the concentration of the dilute-acid pretreated straw from 20 to 50 and 100 g L-1 resulted in 13% and 16% lower sugar yield, respectively. Anaerobic cultivation of the hydrolyzates with M. indicus resulted in 0.36-0.43 g g(-1) ethanol, 0.11-0.17 g g(-1) biomass, and 0.04-0.06 g g(-1) glycerol, which is comparable with the corresponding yields by S. cerevisiae (0.37-0.45 g g(-1) ethanol, 0.04-0.10 g g(-1) biomass and 0.05-0.07 glycerol). These two fungi produced no other major metabolite from the straw and completed the cultivation in less than 25 h. However, R. oryzae produced lactic acid as the major by-product with yield of 0.05-0.09 g g(-1). This fungus had ethanol, biomass and glycerol yields of 0.33-0.41, 0.06-0.12, and 0.03-0.04 g g(-1), respectively. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  • 60.
    Abeed, Noorhan
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Kareem, Marwa
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Vårdande av patienter som lider av psykisk ohälsa inom somatisk slutenvård: Litteraturstudie av sjuksköterskans upplevelse2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Psykisk ohälsa ökar i samhället, vilket gör att fler sjuksköterskor möter patienter med psykisk ohälsa oavsett inom vilken vårdform de arbetar. När en patient som lider av psykisk ohälsa blir inlagd på en somatisk vårdavdelning är det sannolikt att fokus i vårdandet blir på den somatiska behandlingen. Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva allmänsjuksköterskans upplevelse av vårdandet av patienter som lider av psykisk ohälsa inom somatisk slutenvård. Litteraturstudie valdes som metod för att kunna besvara syftet på ett bra sätt. Sju artiklar hittades med hjälp av sökmotorn Primo och databaserna Cinahl och Pubmed.

    Resultatet presenteras med hjälp av två huvudteman Resurskrävande och Otillräcklig kompetens och otillräckligt stöd. Slutsatsen är att bristande kompetens och erfarenheter att vårda patienter med psykisk ohälsa samt stigmatisering om psykisk ohälsa skapar negativa upplevelser och frustration hos allmänsjuksköterskan. Konsekvenserna kan leda till vårdlidande och osäker vård. Därför är det betydelsefullt att sjuksköterskor ökar sina kunskaper för att höja vårdkvalitet i vårdandet av patienter med psykisk ohälsa inom somatisk slutenvård. Förutom att erbjuda sjuksköterskor ökade kunskaper om vårdandet är det viktigt med stöd från sjukhusledning och chefer inom hälso- och sjukvården.

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    K2020:21
  • 61.
    Abel, Jonas
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Hansson, Laura
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Digitaliseringens utmaningar och möjligheter för den äldre: Kartläggning av äldres användning av e-hälsotjänster2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    E-hälsotjänster väntas vara ett verktyg för att möta det framtida växande vårdbehovet till följd av en åldrande befolkning. Via e-hälsotjänster kan den äldre patienten ta del av information om sin hälsa och planerad vård. E-hälsotjänster kan också öka vårdens tillgänglighet genom snabba kontakter och digitala vårdbesök. Det kan leda till ökad delaktighet för den äldre, vilket ger förutsättningar för en bättre hälsa. Men det kräver att äldre börjar använda e-hälsotjänster. En del äldre är inte vana vid digital teknik och riskerar ett digitalt utanförskap. Dock har internetanvändning ökat kraftigt bland äldre de senaste åren och en majoritet är nu internetanvändare. Syfte med studien är att kartlägga äldres användning av internet och e-hälsotjänster samt önskemål om stöd av hälso- och sjukvården för att digitalt kommunicera med hälso- och sjukvården. För att kartlägga äldres användning av internet och e-hälsotjänster togs en enkät fram. Deltagare tillfrågades via sociala medier och på en vårdavdelning, 43 ifyllda enkäter samlades in. Bland deltagarna använder den stora majoriteten internet dagligen och har använt ett flertal olika digitala tjänster. Många uppger sig var kunniga i att använda internet och känner sig trygga med att dela information på internet. De flesta äldre har idag goda förutsättningar att använda e-hälsotjänster och en majoritet i studien har redan gjort det. Äldre är idag intresserade av att vara delaktiga i sin vård. För den minoritet äldre som står helt utanför den digitala världen och inte har förutsättningar att börja använda digital teknik behöver vården säkerställa att de inte får sämre tillgång till vården. En större grupp är de äldre som använder internet och flertal olika internettjänster men inte börjat använda e-hälsotjänster. De behöver stöttas i att komma igång med e-hälsotjänster och kontinuerlig hjälp för att lära sig använda dem.

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    M2020_88
  • 62.
    Abelin, Susanne
    et al.
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Dahlander, Carina
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Sundbybergs stadsbibliotek. PR-arbete under åren 1954-1964.2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this master's thesis is to describe the expansion of Sundbyberg public library during the decade 1954 to 1964. Our focus of interest is the library’s concentration on public relations in 1954. During the experimental year 1954 a public relations librarian, Bianca Bianchini, was employed. Her task was to introduce the library to the citizens of Sundyberg who were not already using it. As a background to this concentration on public relations we also describe the early development of the public library in Sundbyberg. Development work in public libraries has been dependent on local initiatives and enthusiasts since the libraries were a voluntary part of the municipal activity. In this thesis we focus on some of the more important actors in this respect and the structures they interacted with. By using an actor-structure approach we try to explain why people took certain actions and the effect they had on the course of events. The method we have used is mainly to examine and analyze source material, which consists of newspaper clippings, minutes of the municipal council and interviews with people who then worked in the library. We have found that the main reason for the concentration on public relations in 1954 was the surrounding structures on a national and local level, such as the strong Swedish economy, an increasing interest in public relations and a committed board of Sundbyberg public library. But we can also see that the commitment of the various actors likewise played an important part.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 63.
    Abelli, Björn
    University of Borås, School of Business and IT.
    Directing and Enacting the Information System2007In: Advances in Information Systems Development - New Methods and Practice for the Networked Society. / [ed] W Wojtkowski, W. G. Wojtkowski, J. Zupancic, G. Magyar, G. Knapp, Springer US , 2007, p. 13-23Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 64.
    Abelli, Björn
    University of Borås, School of Business and IT.
    On Stage! Playwriting, Directing and Enacting the Informing Processes2007Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
  • 65.
    Abelsson, A.
    et al.
    Department of Nursing Science, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Appelgren, J.
    Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Karlstads Universitet, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Axelsson, Christer
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Enhanced self-assessment of CPR by low-dose, high-frequency training2021In: International Journal of Emergency Services, ISSN 2047-0894, E-ISSN 2047-0908, Vol. 10, no 1, p. 93-100Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The purpose was to investigate what effect an intervention of low-dose, high-frequency cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training with feedback for one month would have on professionals' subjective self-assessment skill of CPR.

    Design/methodology/approach: This study had a quantitative approach. In total, 38 firefighters performed CPR for two minutes on a Resusci Anne QCPR. They then self-assessed their CPR through four multiple-choice questions regarding compression rate, depth, recoil and ventilation volume. After one month of low-dose, high-frequency training with visual feedback, the firefighters once more performed CPR and self-assessed their CPR.

    Findings: With one month of low-dose, high-frequency training with visual feedback, the level of self-assessment was 87% (n = 33) correct self-assessment of compression rate, 95% (n = 36) correct self-assessment of compression depth, 68% (n = 26) correct self-assessment of recoil and 87% (n = 33) correct self-assessment of ventilations volume. The result shows a reduced number of firefighters who overestimate their ability to perform CPR.

    Originality/value: With low-dose, high-frequency CPR training with visual feedback for a month, the firefighters develop a good ability to self-assess their CPR to be performed within the guidelines. By improving their ability to self-assess their CPR quality, firefighters can self-regulate their compression and ventilation quality. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.

  • 66.
    Abelsson, Anna
    et al.
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avdelningen för omvårdnad.
    Falk, P.
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avdelningen för omvårdnad.
    Sundberg, B.
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avdelningen för omvårdnad.
    Nygårdh, Annette
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avdelningen för omvårdnad.
    Empowerment in the perioperative dialog2021In: Nursing Open, E-ISSN 2054-1058, Vol. 8, no 1, p. 96-103Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: To describe how the nurse anaesthetist empowers the patient in the perioperative dialogue. Design: A qualitative descriptive design with interviews with 12 nurse anaesthetist (NA). Method: A hermeneutic text interpretation with a foundation in Gibson's empowerment model. Result: The results highlight Gibson's nursing domain: Helper, Supporter, Counsellor, Educator, Resource Consultant, Resource Mobilizer, Facilitator, Enabler and Advocate. The overall understanding is revealed as a relationship can be built through closeness between the patient and the NA. The NA helps the patient master the situation by talking to and touching the patient. The patient is helped to find their own strengths and to cope with their fears. The patients decide over their own bodies. When the patients do not want to or cope with protecting themselves, the NA protects and represents the patient.

  • 67.
    Abelsson, Anna
    et al.
    Jönköping University.
    Lundberg, Lars
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality during CPR practice versus during a simulated life-saving event.2018In: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, ISSN 1080-3548, E-ISSN 2376-9130, Vol. 24, no 4, p. 652-655Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION: As a part of the emergency medical services, the Swedish fire brigade can increase the survival rate in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.

    AIM: To compare the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by firefighters at a routine CPR practice versus when involved in a simulated life-saving event.

    METHODS: In this study, 80 firefighters divided into two groups performed CPR according to guidelines: one group indoors during a routine training session; the other group outdoors during a smoke diving exercise wearing personal protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data.

    RESULTS: The results showed a tendency for the outdoor group to perform CPR with better ventilation and compression quality, as compared to the indoor group. The ventilation of the manikin was not hampered by the firefighters wearing personal protective clothes and self-contained breathing apparatus, as the Swedish firefighters remove their facial mask and ventilate the patient with their mouth using a pocket mask.

    CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the results in both groups showed a high quality of CPR which can be related to the fire brigade training and education traditions. CPR training is regularly performed, which in turn helps to maintain CPR skills.

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  • 68.
    Abelsson, Anna
    et al.
    Jönköping University .
    Lundberg, Lars
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Simulation as a means to develop firefighters as emergency care professionals.2018In: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, ISSN 1080-3548, E-ISSN 2376-9130, p. 1-25Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the simulated emergency care performed by firefighters and their perception of simulation as an educational method.

    METHODS: This study had a mixed method with both a quantitative and a qualitative approach. Data were collected by simulation assessment, a questionnaire, and written comments. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the quantitative data whereas a qualitative content analysis was conducted on the qualitative data. Finally, a contingent analysis was used where a synthesis configured both the quantitative and the qualitative results into a narrative result.

    RESULTS: The cognitive workload that firefighters face during simulated emergency care is crucial for learning. In this study, the severity and complexity of the scenarios provided were higher than expected by the firefighters. Clearly stated conditions for the simulation and constructive feedback were considered positive for learning. Patient actors induced realism in the scenario, increasing the experience of stress, in comparison to a manikin.

    CONCLUSION: To simulate in a realistic on-scene environment increases firefighters' cognitive ability to critically analyze problems and manage emergency care. Simulation of emergency care developed the firefighters as professionals.

  • 69.
    Abelsson, Anna
    et al.
    School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University.
    Lundberg, Lars
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Trauma Simulation in Prehospital Emergency Care.2018In: Journal of trauma nursing : the official journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses, ISSN 1078-7496, Vol. 25, no 3, p. 201-204Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Well-educated ambulance staff is a prerequisite for high-quality prehospital trauma care. The aim of this study was to examine how nurses in the ambulance service experienced participation in trauma simulation. Sixty-one nurses, working in an emergency ambulance service, performed simulated trauma care on four different occasions and afterward rated three statements on a 5-point Likert scale. A descriptive and inferential analysis was conducted. There are statistically significant increases between the pre- and posttests regarding all three statements: "I think simulation of severe trauma with manikins is realistic" (0.23 or 6% increase), "Simulation is a suitable method for learning severe trauma care" (1.3 or 38% increase), and "I am comfortable in the situation learning severe trauma care through simulation" (0.74 or 19% increase). With the experience of realism in simulation, participants become more motivated to learn and prepare for future events. If the participants instead feel uncomfortable during simulation training, they focus on their own feelings instead of learning. In a realistic simulated environment, participants are prepared to understand and manage the emergency care situation in clinical work. Participants learn during simulation when they are outside their comfort zone but without being uncomfortable or experiencing anxiety.

  • 70.
    Abelsson, Anna
    et al.
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avdelningen för omvårdnad.
    Nygårdh, Annette
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avdelningen för omvårdnad.
    The nurse anesthetist perioperative dialog2020In: BMC Nursing, ISSN 1472-6955, E-ISSN 1472-6955, Vol. 19, no 1, article id 37Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background In the perioperative dialogue, pre-, intra- and postoperatively, the patient shares their history. In the dialogue, the nurse anesthetist (NA) gets to witness the patient's experiences and can alleviate the patients' suffering while waiting for, or undergoing surgery. The aim of this study was to describe the nurse anesthetist's experiences of the perioperative dialogue. Methods The study had a qualitative design. Interviews were conducted with 12 NA and analyzed with interpretive content analysis. The methods were conducted in accordance with the COREQ guidelines. Results In the result, three categories emerge: A mutual meeting (the preoperative dialogue) where the patient and the NA through contact create a relationship. The NA is present and listens to the patient, to give the patient confidence in the NA. In the category, On the basis of the patient's needs and wishes (the intraoperative dialogue), the body language of the NA, as well as the ability to read the body language of the patient, is described as important. In the category, To create a safe situation (the postoperative dialogue) the NA ensures that the patient has knowledge of what has happened and of future care in order to restore the control to the patient. Conclusion The patient is met as a person with their own needs and wishes. It includes both a physical and a mental meeting. In a genuine relationship, the NA can confirm and unreservedly talk with the patient. When the patients leave their body and life in the hands of the NA, they can help the patients to find their inherent powers, which allows for participation in their care. Understanding the patient is possible when entering in a genuine relationship with the patient and confirm the patient. The perioperative dialogue forms a safety for the patients in the operating environment.

  • 71.
    Abelsson, Anna
    et al.
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avdelningen för omvårdnad.
    Nygårdh, Annette
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avdelningen för omvårdnad.
    To enhance the quality of CPR performed by youth layman2019In: International Journal of Emergency Medicine, ISSN 1865-1372, E-ISSN 1865-1380, Vol. 12, no 1, article id 30Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    By educating laymen, survival after cardiac arrest can increase in society. It is difficult to reach the entire population with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training. However, if 15% of the population knows how to perform CPR, an increase in short- and long-term survival in patients suffering a cardiac arrest could be seen. To educate youth is a way to reach parts of the population. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 2-h CPR intervention for youth.

  • 72.
    Abelsson, Anna
    et al.
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avdelningen för omvårdnad.
    Odestrand, Per
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avdelningen för omvårdnad.
    Nygårdh, Annette
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avdelningen för omvårdnad.
    To strengthen self-confidence as a step in improving prehospital youth laymen basic life support2020In: BMC Emergency Medicine, ISSN 1471-227X, E-ISSN 1471-227X, Vol. 20, no 1, article id 8Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND:

    A rapid emergency care intervention can prevent the cardiac arrest from resulting in death. In order for Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) to have any real significance for the survival of the patient, it requires an educational effort educating the large masses of people of whom the youth is an important part. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a two-hour education intervention for youth regarding their self-confidence in performing Adult Basic Life Support (BLS).

    METHODS:

    A quantitative approach where data consist of a pre- and post-rating of seven statements by 50 participants during an intervention by means of BLS theoretical and practical education.

    RESULTS:

    The two-hour training resulted in a significant improvement in the participants' self-confidence in identifying a cardiac arrest (pre 51, post 90), to perform compressions (pre 65, post 91) and ventilations (pre 64, post 86) and use a defibrillator (pre 61, post 81). In addition, to have the self-confidence to be able to perform, and to actually perform, first aid to a person suffering from a traumatic event was significantly improved (pre 54, post 89).

    CONCLUSION:

    By providing youth with short education sessions in CPR, their self-confidence can be improved. This can lead to an increased will and ability to identify a cardiac arrest and to begin compressions and ventilations. This also includes having the confidence using a defibrillator. Short education sessions in first aid can also lead to increased self-confidence, resulting in young people considering themselves able to perform first aid to a person suffering from a traumatic event. This, in turn, results in young people perceiveing themselves as willing to commence an intervention during a traumatic event. In summary, when the youth believe in their own knowledge, they will dare to intervene.

  • 73.
    Abelsson, Felicia
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Hellsing, Rebecca
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Färger och kontrasters påverkan i en pull-down meny: Effektiviteten och användares första intryck i en navigeringsmeny2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This bachelor thesis examines how a user can experience different color combinations and how those effect a navigation menu on a website. This with regards on the users first impression. Furthermore, were also different contrasts examined. This thesis also investigates how a navigation menu is being perceived on the basis that it is more appealing in its design, but lacks contrast, comparatively to a design that has strong contrast but do not satisfy the user. Moreover, if color combinations and its placement together with the contrast can increase the efficiency in a navigation process. The colors that were tested were blue and red. Three prototypes were designed which had different color and contrast combinations, but the main colors were blue and red. A qualitative method was being used to examine the impact colors and contrasts can have. An unstructured observation was applied to study the user’s behavior and which prototype was most effective. Moreover, was a think-aloud test where the users had to think-aloud. This method generated an understanding about users first impression and how effective the navigation menu was. Lastly, a semi-structured interview was applied to create a greater understanding about colors impact on the users. The results showed that color and contrast have a big influence on a user’s first impression, but also on a navigation menus’ effectiveness. A more appealing menu with low contrast was being preferred over a menu with high contrast but a less appealing design. 

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  • 74.
    Abelsson, Tobias
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Patientinformation, vilken profession förmedlar den bäst? En systematisk litteraturstudie med tillhörande begreppsanalys.2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis is a systematic review of the Swedish healthcare and hospital-library’s authorities on the consumer health information. The goal is to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses that are inherited in two professions (medical and LiS) with two completely different perspectives on mediating information. The method used is a mix between conceptual analysis of the Swedish term “patient information” and a Critical conceptual analysis, according to Fairclough, of published native theses and international professional journals. Conclusion of the thesis is that although the nursing and medical staff has the necessary medical expertise it does not, in many cases have either the time or skill to completely satisfy a patient or his/her next of kin´s information needs when exposed in a uneasy situation as when in need of treatment or help in any kind. The hospital librarian on the other hand does have the intermediating skills and most often the time to explain complex treatments or medical procedures, but the lack in medical or nursing expertise. In a perfect setting there is an inter-professional cooperation which brings a lot of positive results. The problem today is often to overcome the gap in awareness of one and other that exists in a modern Swedish hospital.

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  • 75.
    ABID, RAZA* SABOOR
    et al.
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Textiles.
    KARIN, HOPPE ZULETA
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Textiles.
    Smart Denim2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The paper represents an integration of existing smart textiles materials with in the fashion apparel. A pair of jeans termed as Smart Denim was developed in facility of Swedish School of Textiles with phase change material provided by the research organization Swerea IVF. The product was tested at every stage of development and results were carried out in form of graphs.The research work was confined and focused on intelligent textiles taking phase change materials for development of smart denim. Smart denim may influence the ability of the fashion industry to meet the new demands. It will also provide insight of positioning the product with in the fashion market which is quite saturated. Integrating phase change materials within fashionable product denim opens a new way of understanding the fashion market.

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  • 76.
    Abika, Angela
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Jönsson, Evakajsa
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Hur gör jag för att orka?: Stöd till närstående som vårdar en demenssjuk i hemmet2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Det finns idag i Sverige många personer som har drabbats av en demenssjukdom. Att drabbas av demenssjukdom påverkar hela familjen och de närstående får ofta dra ett tungt lass vid vården av den sjuke. Många närstående sliter dygnet runt och löper därför stor risk att drabbas av hög stressbelastning och depression som följd. Demenssjukdom kan delas in i olika typer så som frontotemporal demens, Alzheimers sjukdom, vaskulärdemens. Olika typer av demens ger olika symtom men gemensamt är att de alla ger en kognitiv och känslomässig påverkan med bland annat nedsatt minnesfunktion, rastlöshet och oro. Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka behov närstående som vårdar en demenssjuk i hemmet kan ha för att som sjuksköterska kunna stödja på bästa sätt. I denna studie har det använts elva artiklar varav sex är kvalitativa och tre kvantitativa samt två artiklar som var blandstudier med både kvalitativa och kvantitativa inslag. Analysen av materialet resulterade i två huvudkategorier vilka är kunskap om sjukdomen och kunskap om stöd som kan erbjudas, samt sex underkategorier.

    Resultatet visar att närstående har ett stort behov av utbildning och information, vilket de i dag inte tycker att de får tillräckligt av. De behöver dels kunskap om sjukdomen för att kunna förstå och ge en god vård, samt kunskap om sjukdomens utveckling för att kunna planera för framtiden. Det visar sig också att många närstående inte får tillräckligt information om hur de skall få kontakt med olika instanser, samt hur de kan söka olika stödåtgärder så som korttidsplats, dagverksamhet och avlösning i hemmet. För att närstående skall orka sköta den dagliga vården av den sjuke är det viktigt att han eller hon får tid att ta hand om sig själv. Som sjuksköterskor är det viktigt att ha en bra utbildning och en god förståelse för hur närstående och sjuka upplever sjukdomen, för att kunna ge en korrekt information samt att kunna stödja på bästa sätt.

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  • 77. Aboh, I. J. Kwame
    et al.
    Henriksson, Dag
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Laursen, Jens
    Lundin, Magnus
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Gormon Ofosu, Francis
    Pind, Niels
    Selin Lindgren, Eva
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Wahnström, Tomas
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Identification of Aerosol Particle Sources in Semi-rural of Kwabenya, near Accra, Ghana2008Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 78. Aboh, I. J. Kwame
    et al.
    Henriksson, Dag
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Laursen, Jens
    Selin Lindgren, Eva
    Lundin, Magnus
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Pind, Niels
    Wahnström, Tomas
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Air Pollution and Meteorology: Ambient PM2.5 Aerosol Origin Studied by Factor Analysis of Elemental Composition Related to Wind Data2008Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 79.
    Abokar Shire, Ayan
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Lajq, Beolona
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Förskollärares syn på flerspråkighet i förskolan2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Studiens syfte är att undersöka förskollärares syn på det språkutvecklande arbetet med flerspråkiga barn i förskolan. Studien tar även sin utgångspunkt i det sociokulturella perspektivet med centrala begrepp som kommunikation och den proximala utvecklingszonen. Metod som användes var kvalitativ metod där skriftliga intervjuer genomfördes med totalt sex förskollärare för att få fördjupad förståelse kring syftet och frågeställningarna. Det vill säga Vilken syn har förskollärare på flerspråkighet i förskolan? Hur menar förskollärare att de stödjer språkutvecklingen hos flerspråkiga barn?  

    I resultatet belyses att förskollärare har varierande uppfattningar om ämnet flerspråkighet i förskolan, vilket innebär att vissa förskollärare upplever arbetet med flerspråkighet som komplext medan andra ser det som en möjlighet till utveckling och lärande. I analysen blir det dessutom synligt att förskollärare använder sig av olika verktyg och strategier för att stödja språkutvecklingen hos flerspråkiga barn. De använder bland annat verktyg som TAKK, bildstöd, sagor och böcker, rim och ramsor under olika situationer. De har även ett gott samarbete med vårdnadshavare för att förstärka barnens modersmål men även det svenska språket.  

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  • 80. Abormegah, Jude Edem
    et al.
    Bahadin Tarik, Dashti
    Transitioning Business Intelligence from reactive to proactive decision-making systems: A qualitive usability study based on Technology Acceptance Model2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Nowadays companies are in a dynamic environment leading to competition in finding new revenue streams to strengthen their positions in their markets by using new technologies to provide capabilitiesto organize resources whilst taking into account changes that can occur in their environment. Therefore, decision making is inevitable to combat uncertainties where taking the optimal action by leveraging concepts and technologies that support decision making such as Business Intelligence (BI)tools and systems could determine a company’s future. Companies can optimize their decision making with BI features like Data-Driven Alerts that sends messages when fluctuations occur within a supervised threshold that reflects the state of business operations. The purpose of this research was to conduct an empirical study on how Swedish companies and enterprises located in different industries apply BI tools and with Data-driven Alerts features for decision making whereby we further studied the characteristics of Data-driven Alerts in terms of usability from the perspectives of different industry professionals through the thematic lens of the Technology acceptance model (TAM) in a qualitative approach. We conducted interviews with professionals from diverse organizations where we applied the Thematic Coding technique on empirical results for further analysis. We found out that by allowing possibilities for users to analyze data in their own preferences for decisions, it will provide managers and leaders with sufficient information needed to empower strategic and tactical decision-making. Despite the emergence of state-of-the-art predictive analytics technologies such as Machine Learning and AI, the literature clearly states that these processes are technical and complex to be comprehended by the decision maker. At the end of the day, prescriptive analytics will end up providing descriptive options being presented to the end user as we move towards automated decision making. This we see as an opportunity for reporting tools and data-driven alerts to be in contemporary symbiotic relationship with advanced analytics in decision making contexts to improve its outcome, quality and user friendliness.

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  • 81.
    Abou Mrad, Hayat
    University of Borås, School of Education and Behavioural Science.
    Lärandemiljö: ett utvecklingsarbete om miljöns påverkan på barns språk i förskolan2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor)Student thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund I bakgrunden presenteras tidigare studier och forskning om barns lärande och om hur bland annat miljö, material och vägledning kan främja utveckling hos barn. Att förskolans verksamhet utformas utefter barns perspektiv spelar en stor roll i att skapa de bästa förutsättningarna för barns lek och lärande. Syfte Syftet med studien är att undersöka ifall ett utvecklingsarbete kan stimulera barns språkliga utveckling. Metod Metoden som har valts är en kvalitativ studie av utvecklingsarbetet med etnografiska inslag. Det har genomförts observationer innan och efter utveckling av barnens lekrumsmiljö för att se förändringar i barns språk och lek. Informella intervjuer av pedagoger på fältet har använts som underlag för resultat och reflektion. Både observationer och intervjuer har antecknats i loggbok för bearbetning och analys av data. Enstaka mer formella intervjuer har spelats in i diktafon och transkriberats. Resultat Resultatet visar att barnen har blivit mer språkintresserade och mer angelägna till uttryck. En tillvaro för samtal har skapats genom "kvalitettid" i mindre barngrupper. Utifrån ändringen har miljön fått en tydligare funktion, vilket har påverkat barnens lek och stimulerat dem till att uppta meningsfulla aktiviteter. Utvecklingsarbetet har ändrat hur barnen engagerar sig med i miljön.

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  • 82.
    Aboud, Azel
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Bajraliu, Eduena
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Pedagogers syn om lärandet genom iPads i förskolan: En studie om användandet av pedagogiska appar samt konsekvenser som uppstår.2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Inledning

    Studien handlar om att undersöka pedagogers syn om möjligheter till lärandet som sker genom iPads. Studien handlar också om att undersöka vilka pedagogiska appar som används i förskoleverksamheter, samt vilka hinder som kan bemötas.

    Syfte

    Syftet med studien är att undersöka pedagogers syn om lärandet genom iPads och vilka konsekvenser som uppstår vid användandet av iPads.

    Metod

    Kvalitativ metod med fokus på semistrukturerade intervjuer har använts för insamling av data. I studien medverkade sammanlagt fem respondenter från fyra kommunala förskolor. Undersökningen genomfördes digitalt, då vi befinner oss i en pandemi.

    Resultat

    Forskningsresultatet som vår studie gav oss, valde vi att dela in i olika teman. Dessa är: Appar som utvecklar barns matematiska kunskaper, Appar som bidrar till barns språkutveckling och hinder i arbetet med iPads. Sammanfattningsvis i resultatdelen framgår tydligt att pedagogerna använder iPaden i ett lärande syfte, där barnen får möjlighet att utveckla språk och matematiska kunskaper, och att de pedagogiska apparna kan inkludera flerspråkiga barn och barn i behov av särskilt stöd. Respondenterna ser även utmaningar som kan uppstå vid användandet av iPaden. Resultatet visar även att det finns andra digitala verktyg som används i anslutning till iPaden exempelvis Osmo och projektor.

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  • 83.
    AbouTouk, Rana
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Gustavsson, Maria
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Distriktssjuksköterskans upplevelse av att förmedla trygghet hos patienten vid livets slutskede i hemmet2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet var att belysa distriktssköterskans upplevelse av att förmedla trygghet till patienten vid vård i livets slutskede. Patienterna som vårdas i livets slutskede bor i ordinärt boende. I hemsjukvård ingår vård vid livets slutskede där symtomlindring är den vård som eftersträvas. Distriktssköterskan har en central roll i hemsjukvården där både patient och hens närstående ingår. Det behövs mer studier hur distriktssköterskan kan arbeta för att skapa en känsla av trygghet hos patienten och hens närstående i livets slutskede. Metoden som använts är inspirerad av en narrativ intervjumetod som innebär att berättelsen används, berättelsen är ett grundläggande mänskligt sätt att kommunicera på. Författarna har intervjuat åtta distriktssköterskor där informanterna har en distriktssköterskeutbildning eller har påbörjat en vidareutbildning till distriktssköterskor eller specialistsköterskor inom palliativ vård.

    Resultatet visar att informanterna upplever att det är av vikt att ha en tydlig, rak och ärlig kommunikation till både patient och hens närstående med information om sjukdomen och vad för symtom som förväntas uppstå. När det finns en kontinuitet där tydliga strategier och en god vårdrelation ingår så skapar det en trygghet till patienten och hens närstående. Genom en god vårdrelation finns också någon att prata med om frågor eller funderingar uppstår då kan en trygghet skapas hos patienten och hens närstående. Det som framkommit i studien är att distriktssköterskorna upplever att de kan ge en god vård till patienten i livets slutskede, distriktssköterskorna är trygga i sin profession och upplever att de har en goda förutsättningar för att kunna erbjuda symtomlindring hos patienten samt ge stöd till närstående.

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  • 84.
    Abqari, Muzhgan
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Georgsson, Clara
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Våldsutsatta kvinnors avslöjande om utsatthet: En litteraturöversikt2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Våld i nära relationer är ett globalt folkhälsoproblem som leder till fysisk och psykisk ohälsa på lång och kort sikt, där den vanligaste typen är partnervåld där en man utövar våld mot en kvinna. Mellan 30 - 60% av kvinnor över 18 år har någon gång under sitt liv blivit utsatt för fysiskt, psykiskt eller sexuellt våld. Svårigheten att mäta våldets omfattning är stor eftersom det finns ett stort mörkertal kring hur många som är utsatta. våldet kan definieras på olika sätt och det finns olika typer, denna studie fokuserar på fysiskt, psykiskt och sexuellt våld. Sjuksköterskans uppgift är bland annat att främja hälsa och lindra lidande och hälso-sjukvården ska arbeta mot att eliminera våld mot kvinnor. Syftet är att belysa vad i sjuksköterskans bemötande som avgör våldsutsatta kvinnors avslöjande om utsatthet. Detta examensarbete är en litteraturöversikt baserad på vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ metod, där 8 artiklar granskades och analyserades enligt Fribergs granskningsmetod.

    Resultatet visar fyra teman som svarar på syftet: att hjälpa kvinnan att identifiera våldet, att ställa frågan om våld, icke-dömande bemötande samt visa möjligheter på en säker plats. Det som avgör ett avslöjande är sjuksköterskans förmåga i bemötandet att stödja kvinnan i identifiering av våldet genom att konkret sätta ord på våldet, ställa frågan om våld, bemötandets karaktär och kompetens kring våld och vidare hjälp. Att sjuksköterskan ställer frågan om våld och ger information om möjligheter kan hjälpa den utsatta kvinnan att uppnå god hälsa. Sjuksköterskans goda etiska perspektiv och lyhördhet skapar trygg miljö som leder till att kvinnan vågar berätta om sin utsatthet.

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    K2022:53
  • 85.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    A post-colonial perspective on African education systems2020In: African Journal of Education and Practice, E-ISSN 2519-0296, Vol. 6, no 5, p. 40-54Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The purpose of this article is to discuss about precolonial and colonial education and the development of the education systems in the postcolonial Africa. The paper will deal with the questions whether there were any education systems in precolonial Africa and motives for introducing the colonial education systems. Further the relation of the colonial education systems with the needs of the local society, the postcolonial education systems and their future will be analysed. 

    Methodology: Postcolonial perspective is a theoretical frame for the study. A desk-research was conducted to identify and select the relevant literature. Content analysis was used as a method to understand, analyse and interpret the literature. 

    Findings: The results of the literature review show that there were socialization mechanisms before colonialism in African societies. Education introduced in its modern form by missionaries was supposed to serve mainly religious purposes and to train low level functionaries by colonial states. Instead of focusing on local realities education was used to teach the glories of the colonial countries, spread their language and culture as well as introduce a new way of life by condemning all that was native. After independence the inherited colonial education systems continued isolating the masses who had no access to the colonial languages. 

    Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Findings of this study shows some limitations in African education systems. It is necessary that education policy makers and other concerned stakeholders´ to increase the use of local languages to reach the society at large, to focus on contents relevant to their contexts, to provide both theoretical and skill-based education useful for development of society and to aim towards educating productive, conscious, critical and democratic citizens.

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  • 86.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för utbildningsvetenskap.
    African education systems, a postcolonial perspective2012Conference paper (Refereed)
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  • 87.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    African Higher Education: Focus on local context.2022In: The 14th SANORD International Conference. / [ed] University of Limpopo, 2022Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Africa have about 1225 officially registered higher education institutions

    (https://www.4icu.org/Africa/). Some of them are founded by formal colonizers and while

    others through national and local initiatives. The majority of these institutions are Euro-

    Centric in their approach. This text will investigate briefly what is expected of African higher

    education to transform societies to the better.

    The study is based on analysis of secondary data searched and found from Google Scholar,

    ERIC, and Primo database. Terms such as Higher education in Africa, African higher

    education, possibilities and limitations of African higher education are used for the search.

    15 articles relevant to the purpose of the study are identified and used.

    The result of the study shows that African universities need local epistemologies and

    knowledge production systems to identify, research and propose solutions to local

    problems. Teaching and research should take in to consideration social experiences and

    knowledge of the local communities. Local languages should be considered to undertake

    research, to distribute knowledge and to secure communities’ engagement.

    Teachings and research need to address the political unrest, social injustice, economic

    underdevelopment and technological backwardness most countries are facing. Focus on the

    local realities and transformation should be prioritized instead of international competition

    and commodification of higher education. For transforming higher education to focus on

    local context, there is a need that the management, administration and academic staff

    students as well as the society at large should stand together.

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  • 88.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Book Review: Finnish Lessons, What can the world learn from educational change in Finland?2012In: Kapet (avslutad tryckt version), ISSN 1653-4743, Vol. 8, no 1, p. 121-125Article, book review (Other academic)
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  • 89.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Book review: Education, Social Progress, and Marginalized Children in Sub-Saharan Africa: Historical Antecedents and Contemporary Challenges2018Other (Other academic)
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  • 90.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Göteborgs Universitet.
    Compulsory School Curricula of South Africa (RNCS, 2002) and Sweden (Lpo94).2008In: Compulsory School Curricula of South Africa (RNCS, 2002) and Sweden (Lpo94)., 2008Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Compulsory School Curricula of South Africa (RNCS1, 2002) and Sweden (Lpo 294).

    Abstract

    The aim of this paper is to analyse the compulsory school curricula of South Africa and Sweden. It focuses on contexts for their introduction, main actors in the process, democratic values they contain and their similarities and differences. Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is used for analysis. The curricula and references to other literatures show similarities and differences. Contextual similarities are that both countries were once under oppression and their masses were isolated from the education process and more resources were invested on their elites. At present the curricula of both countries strives for democratic education. A major difference is equal opportunities for the students to attend a school of their choice are higher in Sweden than in South Africa. The Swedish curriculum is more concrete on issues related to students, teachers and other school staff’s rights and responsibilities, and on relations between school, home and society.

    Key words: South Africa, Sweden, Curricula, and Democratic values

  • 91.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013).
    Critical Pedagogy: Origin, Vision, Action & Consequences2014In: Kapet (avslutad tryckt version), ISSN 1653-4743, Vol. 10, no 1, p. 90-98Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Critical pedagogy is a transformation-based approach to education. The aim of this article is to introduce the origin, vision, action and consequences of critical pedagogy. It also aims on finding out about educators’ possibility of actualising it in their practice. As a source materials articles, book chapters and books are used. The literature shows that critical pedagogy has its origin in the tradition of critical theory of the Frankfurt School and the work of the Brazilian pedagog Paulo Freire. According to the literature, its major theses is that education should go beyond transfer of knowledge and training the future labour force; to help developing critical consciousness, which leads to transformation of the individual, learning environment and society at large. Critical pedagogy is criticised for a focus on macro level system, for not having a model for classroom implementation and for being abstract. Despite some critics, I argue that critical pedagogy has still the potential to empower those in the field of education to increase their consciousness about the injustice in their society and to involve in transforming it.

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  • 92.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Göteborgs Universitet.
    Curriculum Reform and Life Orientation Education in Post Apartheid South Africa2010In: Education Policy / [ed] Gregory Papanikos, Athens: Athens Institute for Education and Research , 2010, p. 79-102Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 93.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Democratic Values in the Comprehensive Schools Curricula of the Nordic Countries.2013Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Democratic values in the comprehensive schools curricula of the Nordic countries.

     

    The major focus of this paper is to find out which aspects of democratic values are emphasised in the comprehensive schools curricula of the five Nordic countries. It is also an intention of the paper to find out similarities and differences in emphasis and if available data allows to further investigate the reasons for differences and similarities.

    Major sources for the work were curricula of comprehensive schools from the different Nordic countries. Each countries current curriculum was closely read to understand their contents and to undertake comparative analysis. Text analysis was used as a major tool to look closely at the text and context. For further knowledge journals on curriculum studies and other relevant materials were consulted.

    A preliminary review of the general section of comprehensive schools curricula of these countries show:

    In the Danish curriculum participation, responsibility and understanding rights and duties are emphasised.

    The Finnish curriculum raises issues on human rights, equality, natural diversity, preservation of environment and multiculturalism. Responsibility, a sense of community and respect for the right and freedom of the individual are emphasised. General diversity and gender equality are given significant attention.

    In the Icelandic curriculum the major focus is human rights, collective responsibility, participation, influencing, and respect. Concern for people, animal and the environment are included in the curriculum. Critical thinking and reflection, active cooperation & collective responsibility are also emphasised.

    The Norwegian curriculum mentions understanding, cooperation, independence, individual freedom and tolerance as important issues.

    Swedish curriculum raises issues on respect for human rights, respect for persons and the environment. It considers inviolability of human life, individual freedom and integrity, equality between women and men, solidarity with the weak and vulnerable as crucial points. Sense of justice, generosity of spirit, tolerance and responsibility, well-being and development of the individual, no discrimination and personal responsibility were among the areas the curriculum lifted up.

    The curricula in these five countries give room for democratic values. There are some variations on emphasises on specific issues. But all the curricula include issues of rights and responsibilities.

    Keywords: curricula, democratic values, Nordic countries

  • 94.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Utbildningsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Göteborgs universitet.
    Education for Democracy?: Life Orientation: Lessons on Leadeship Qualities and Voting in South African Comprehensive Schools2010Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This study takes as its starting point how teachers understand, interpret and teach social development aspects of Life Orientation in South African comprehensive schools. The specific focus is on lessons on leadership qualities and voting for third grade learners in four schools, each dominated by either Black, Coloured, White or mixed groups of learners. Field work with an ethnographic approach and a qualitative strategy was used to gain access to empirical data. Policy and curriculum documents, guidelines and textbooks were used. Classroom observations in four classes and interviews with 14 third grade teachers were conducted. Theoretical concepts of construction, deconstruction and reconstruction are applied. Ulf P Lundgren’s Frame Factor Theory is used to study school organization. Basil Bernstein’s Pedagogical Devices are considered when examining the different levels of pedagogical activities. To be a teacher in South Africa one needs to attend at least two years of teacher education after completing high school. Teachers in the classes studied underwent their teacher education during apartheid years. Due to limited in-service training, they sometimes experience problems of understanding and interpreting the learning area, which they usually tackle by consulting documents, colleagues or school authorities. The learners’ understanding varied based on their family background and type of school they attended. There were enormous differences in material, financial and organisational resources between classes and schools. The resources for teaching leadership qualities and voting were not, however, different between the classes. The lessons were teacher dominated and direct transmission was used as a method. The way teachers facilitated the lesson on leadership qualities and voting varied but all showed some democratic shortcomings. Apart from answering questions, learners were neither invited nor encouraged to participate to further their understanding of the theme. Limited aspects of leadership qualities were discussed, individual leaders’ roles were emphasised and the teachers picked candidates for class leaders in three of the classes. It was also evident that the class environments were not suitable for critical or creative thinking and democratic upbringing. The schools reproduced norms, values, languages and cultures of the different groups. Officially, teachers emphasised the common national South African identity. This emphasis on national identity could disguise the injustice some groups experience in society.

  • 95.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Failed grades, schools, families and neighborhoods: Swedish Immigrant pupils’ reflections on their reality2017Conference paper (Refereed)
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  • 96.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Immigrant Students Reflections on Their Failed Results from Compulsory School: Reconsidering Multi-dimensional Solutions2018In: Journal of Education and Cultural Studies, ISSN 2573-0401, Vol. 2, no 3, p. 213-226Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the study is to investigate reasons students with an immigrant background in one Swedish high school gives for their failure in some subjects at the end of their compulsory education. An interview with 18 students with an immigrant background is used as a method. According to the students, schools’ employment of substitute teachers without subject knowledge, reducing and firing competent teachers and less time for Swedish language lessons are reasons for failure in relation to schools. Other reasons given that affect results relate to family issues; leaving their country of origin, having many siblings and not getting enough attention from parents, parents inability to help them with school work, limited family financial resources and social obligations to support family members in their country of origin. In their residential area; not meeting persons with Swedish origin, lack of recreational facilities and meeting place, higher unemployment and crime rate are emphasized as affecting their lives and influencing their results. Based on the research findings and reviewed literature, students’ failure is mainly related to school, family and residential areas. The problems vary to a great extent, hence, the solutions should also bemulti-dimensional.

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  • 97.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Innan doktorshatten: Granskning av utbildningsvetenskapliga avhandlingar2018In: Samhälle, genus och pedagogik-utbildningsvetenskapliga perspektiv: Vänbok till Inga Wernersson / [ed] Kerstin von Brömssen, Signild Risenfors & Lena Sjöberg, Trollhättan: Högskolan Väst , 2018, p. 219-238Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 98.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    International practicum for what and on whose terms?2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    International practicum for what and on whose terms?

     

                                                                     Getahun Yacob Abraham

                                                                                           Senior Lecturer

                                                                                           Karlstad University

     

    The aim of this paper is to investigate about the aims of international practicum and who is benefiting from it. If it is found that one side, the North or the South, is benefiting, to look at the possibilities to reconsider the practicum in order to benefit both. Review of literature in the field and my own experiences as a Swedish university lecturer involved in the teacher students practicum in the South will be the base for this paper. Some preliminary results of my literature review show that practicum in the South mainly focuses on giving the teacher students from the North the possibility of intercultural understanding with specific focus of dealing with change taking place at home, the diversity of students in classrooms (Abraham & von Brömssen, 2018; Bosire & Brigham, 2009;  Marx & Moss, 2011; Wiken & Klein, 2017). Long time experiences show that in the movement of students from the North to the South, the economically and politically dominant countries can dictate the terms (Bosire & Brigham, 2009; Yang, 2002). In addition to that the countries in the center gain more advantages than the countries in the periphery (Barnet & Reggie, 1995).

     

    Keywords: Internationalization, International practicum, teacher students, North, South. 

     

    References

     

    Abraham, G.Y. & von Brömssen, K. (2018). Internationalisation in teacher education: Student teachers reflections on experiences from a field study in South Africa. Education Inquiry.  

    https://www-tandfonline-com.bibproxy.kau.se/doi/full/10.1080/20004508.2018.1428035

     

    Barnet, G.A. & Yingli Wu, R. (1995). The international student exchange network. 1970&1980, Higher Education, 30, 353-368.

     

    Bosire, M.M. & Brigham, S. (2009). Preparing North American preserivice teachers for global perspectives: An international teaching practicum experiences in Africa, The Alberta Journal of Education Research, 55 (3), 415-428.

     

    Marx, H. & Moss, D.M. (2011). Please mind the culture gap: Intercultural development during a teacher education study abroad program, Journal of Teacher Education, 62 (1), 35-37.

     

    Wikan, G. & Klein, J. (2017). Can international practicum foster intercultural competence among teacher students? Journal of the European Teacher Education Network, 12, 95-104. 

     

    Yang, R. (2002). University internationalization: Its meaning, rationales and implications, Intercultural Education, 13 (1), 81-95.

     

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  • 99.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Internationalisation and Intercultural Competence in Higher Education.2022Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    07. Social Justice and Intercultural EducationPaper

    Internationalisation and Intercultural Competence in Higher Education.Getahun Yacob AbrahamUniversity of Borås, SwedenPresenting Author: Abraham, Getahun YacobThe aim of this study is to find out how concepts and practices of internationalisation and interculturality in higher education are understood. The study will also investigate the relation between the two concepts, what they have in common and how they could be used to facilitate internationalisation and interculturality in higher education. Uzhegova & Baik (2020) use in their work Knight´s definition of internationalisation as ‘the process of integrating an international, intercultural or global dimension into the purpose, functions or delivery of post-secondary education’ (2003, 2) (Uzhegova & Baik, 2020, 2).Internationalisation involves actors, context and different factors that facilitate or hinder its implementation. The actors include students from institutions, international students and staff from host institutions (Trahar & Hyland, 2011). On the other hand, internationalisation could be undertaken locally, by including students with varied cultural and linguistic backgrounds within the institution or within the country (Sanderson 2011). Internationalisation of the curriculum is thought to benefit the internationalisation process. It is supposed to empower students to gain global citizenship skills to take employment in most countries and undertake the work expected for the position (Kirik et al, 2018). The level of internationalisation in a higher education institution is influenced by different factors. Development of higher education in a country, the languages used in the education system, the economic development of a country as well as the attractiveness of the location of the higher education institution are supposed to influence the internationalisation of the specific institution (Uzhegova & Baik, 2020). Intercultural communication skill is one of the prior conditions to develop intercultural competence. Intercultural competence makes it possible to lay the ground for intercultural understanding and creating common learning platforms for students of diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds (Henneby & Fordyce, 2018). One of the important aspects of intercultural communication is language. Language could enhance or hinder intercultural communication and in extension intercultural competence (Dunworth et al, 2021). To develop intercultural communication competence (ICC), Munezane (2021) considers some factors from Byram´s model (1997, 2008). The factors are, “knowledge of self and other, of interaction; relativising self, valuing other; skills of interpreting and relating; skills of discovering and/or interacting; and political education, critical cultural awareness” (Munezane, 2021, 1666).While understanding others in relation to self is important, authors also emphasis for developing intercultural competence there is need for openness to others experiences, curiosity and interdependence (Munezane, 2021). According to Yarosha et tal (2018), knowledge, awareness, skills and attitudes are the building blocks for intercultural competence, and contribute to creating cooperative learning environment for participants (Hennebry & Fordyce, 2018). Spencer-Oatey & Dauber (2019) strengthens these points on developing intercultural competence by emphasising the importance of “(a) positive attitudes (e.g. openness and curiosity) towards diversity and motivation to learn about/engage with it and (b) experiences of difference that take people out of their comfort zones and stimulate new thinking and behaviour”. (pp.1049-1050). Bilingualism is considered as one of the main challenges for intercultural communication (Tucker King et al, 2021). In many countries English is used as lingua franca in higher education institutions. However, how English is used by native speakers in higher education institutions, is perceived often by international students as creating hindrance to written and spoken communication (Holliday, 2017). In addition to language barrier, there are also challenges of ethnocentrism (Munezane, 2021; Harrison, 2011) and fear of threat from outside to one´s own language and cultural identity (Kirk et al, 2018). Less willingness to communicate with people other than one’s own group (Munezane, 2021) is also considered as an obstacle to intercultural communication and competence. 

    Methodology, Methods, Research Instruments or Sources UsedMethod/methodology.

    This study is based on a brief literature review. There are several databases with the possibility of searching articles with different themes, for this study I limited myself to one database, Web of Science. In Web of Science, I searched for articles using the terms “internationalisation + higher education”, then “interculturality + higher education” and finally “internationalisation and interculturality in higher education”. These searches gave quit a large number of articles. By limiting my search to peer reviewed journal articles and articles written after 2010, I could reduce the number of articles. By reading the titles and abstracts of 54 articles, I could identify the purpose, research questions, theoretical perspective, methods used, results, discussions and conclusions. These helped me to choose 14 of the 54 articles with the focus on internationalisation in higher education, intercultural competence in higher education and articles dealing with both themes. For the purpose of this conference abstract, I am limiting myself to the 14 articles. When I develop the abstract into a full-fledged paper, I am planning to search and include more relevant literature, articles, scientific reports and books.

    To be able to understand the result of the different studies, content analysis is used as methodology. With the help of content analysis, the aims of the studies, methods of studies, theoretical perspectives, findings and discussions are critically scrutinized. The study focused on relevant findings in relation to internationalisation and intercultural competences. But this does not mean all findings from the literature review are included in this short text. 

    Conclusions, Expected Outcomes or FindingsConclusion

    Internationalisation could be steered by top-down directive or bottom-up initiative and there are also possibilities that it is a combination of both (Kirik et al, 2018). There could be motives for internationalisation to increase quality of education, exchange knowledge and experiences. It is also possible that some higher education institutions are motivated mainly for attracting fee paying students, improve the position of their institution in the national, regional or international ranking systems (Kirik et al, 2018) or impose what they consider as their “best practice” on others.  

    The possibility of developing intercultural communication and gaining intercultural competence could contribute to creating cooperative learning environment (Hennebry &Fordyce, 2018). In this process participating individuals´ agency helps to achieve the goals of intercultural communication and competence (Sanderson, 2011; Tucker King et al, 2021). When unwillingness and lack of curiosity dominate it can hinder developing intercultural competence. 

    In conclusion successful internationalisation obviously need intercultural communication skills and competence (Spencer-Oatey & Dauber, 2019). Suitable intercultural environment can lead to development of three stages of interactivity, reciprocity and unity (Kudo et al, 2018). While it is difficult to separate the concepts of internationalisation and intercultural competence (Collins, 2018), it is possible to consider the interplay between them. Intercultural competence can pave the way for internationalisation. Openness, curiosity, and willingness to share life experience with others could be commonly used for achieving intercultural competence and internationalisation in higher education.

    ReferencesCollins, H. (2018). Interculturality from above and below: navigatinguneven discourses in a neoliberal university system. Language and Intercultural Communication, 18 (2), 167-183.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2017.1354867

    Dunworth, K., Grimshaw, T., Iwaniec, J. & McKinley, J. (2021). Language and the development of intercultural competence in an ‘internationalised’ university: staff and student perspectives. Teaching in Higher Education, 26 (6), 790-805.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2019.1686698

    Harrison, N. (2012). Investigating the impact of personality and early life experiences on intercultural interaction in internationalised universities. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 36, 224– 237. 

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2011.03.007

    Hennebry, M. L. & Fordyce, K. (2018). Cooperative learningon an international masters. Higher Education Research & Development, 37 (2), 270-284. 

    https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2017.1359150

    Holliday, A. (2017). PhD students, interculturality, reflexivity, community and internationalisation. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 38 (3), 206-218.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2015.1134554 

    Kirk, S. H., Newstead, C., Gann, R & Rounsaville, C. (2018). Empowerment and ownership in effective internationalisation of the higher education curriculum. Higer Education, 76, 989-1005.

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-018-0246-1 

    Kudo, K., Volet, S. & Whitsed, C. (2018). Development of intercultural relationships at university: a three-stage ecological and person-in-context conceptual framework. Higher Education, 77, 473-489.

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-018-0283-9

    Munezane, Y.  (2021). A new model of intercultural communicative competence: bridging language classrooms and intercultural communicative contexts. Studies in Higher Education, 46 (8), 1664-1681.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2019.1698537

    Sanderson, G. (2011). Internationalisation and teaching in higher education,Higher Education Research & Development, 30 (5), 661-676.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2011.598455  

    Spencer-Oatey, H. & Dauber, D. (2019). Internationalisation and student diversity: how far are the opportunity benefits being perceived and exploited? Higher Education, 78, 1035-1058.

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    Internationalisation and Intercultural Competence
  • 100.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Internationalisation and international practicum for what and on whose terms?2020In: Global and Intercultural Competence through Practicum in the Global South. / [ed] Kirsten Andreassen, Birgit Breusch och Jacob Clausen, Köpenhamn: Københavns Professionshøjskole , 2020, 2, p. 22-33Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper will investigate the aims of internationalisation and international practicum, with the focus on the later. It is important to consider whether both partners in the exchange receive benefits, and if not to reconsider the practicum arrangements to ensure greater equity of benefit. Review of literature in the field and my own experiences as a Swedish university lecturer involved in student teacher practica will be the base for this paper. Some preliminary results of my literature review show that practicum in the South mainly focuses on giving the teacher students from the North the possibility of intercultural understanding with specific goal of dealing with demographic change taking place in the student teacher´s home country. This demographic change has typically resulted in an increased cultural diversity of students in classrooms (Abraham & von Brömssen, 2018; Bosire & Brigham, 2009;  Marx & Moss, 2011; Wiken & Klein, 2017). Experiences show that in the movement of students from the North to the South, economically and politically dominant countries are more likely to dictate the terms of relationships (Bosire & Brigham, 2009;  Yang, 2002). Viewed from another perspective, countries considered in the center due to their economic and political influence gain more advantages than countries considered in the periphery (Barnet & Reggie, 1995).

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