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  • 101.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Is it enough with diversity in higher education?2023In: ECER2023, 2023Conference paper (Refereed)
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  • 102.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för utbildningsvetenskap.
    Lektioner om ledarskapskvalitet och röstningsförfarande i sydafrikanska grundskolor2011In: Kapet (avslutad tryckt version), ISSN 1653-4743, Vol. 1, no 1, p. 96-107Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna studie tar sin utgångspunkt i hur lärare undervisar om den sociala utvecklingsdelen av ”Life Orientation” i sydafrikanska grundskolan. Specifikt fokus ligger på lektioner om ledarskapskvalitet och om att rösta för tredjeklasselever i fyra skolor. Var och en av klasserna dominerades av antingen svarta, färgade, vita eller blandade grupper av elever. Ulf P Lundgrens ramfaktorteori användes för att studera skolans organisation. Basil Bernsteins ”Pedagogic device” användes för att förstå olika pedagogiska verksamheter i klassrummet. Fältarbeten med en etnografisk metod och en kvalitativ strategi användes för att få tillgång till empiriska data. Policy- och läroplansdokument, riktlinjer och läroböcker analyserades. Klassrumsobservationer i fyra klasser och intervjuer med 14 tredjeklasslärare genomfördes. För att vara lärare i Sydafrika krävs minst två års lärarutbildning efter avslutad gymnasieskola. Lärarna i de klasser som studerades genomgick sin lärarutbildning under apartheidtiden. På grund av begränsad fortbildning och bristande erfarenheter av den nya läroplanen hade de ibland svårigheter att förstå och tolka det aktuella ämnet. Enorma skillnader i material, ekonomiska och organisatoriska resurser förelåg mellan olika klasser och skolor. Lärarna dominerade lektionerna och direkt överföring användes som metod. Det sätt lärarna höll lektion om ledaregenskap och om att rösta varierade, men alla visade demokratiska brister. Lärarna valde själva kandidater till klassledare i tre av klasserna. Det blev också tydligt att klassernas miljöer inte befrämjade vare sig kritiskt och kreativt tänkande eller demokratisk fostran.

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  • 103.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Life Orientation: Lessons on leadership qualities and voting in grade three classes in South African schools2013In: Online Educational Research Journal, E-ISSN 2044-0294Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Life Orientation: lessons on leadership qualities and voting in grade three classes

    Abstract

    The focus of this study was lessons on leadership qualities and voting in grade three classes in four Eastern Cape schools. Frame factor theory and theory of pedagogical devices were used. The study employed text analysis, classroom observation in four 3rd grade classes and interviews with 14 third grade teachers as sources of data. The results of the study indicated there were differences among teachers when it came to understanding and interpreting the theme. The teachers interviewed have general qualifications but lacked training to teach this theme. Between the schools there were differences in manpower, material and financial resources. There were similar teaching procedures although there were differences in teachers’ approaches. Learners’ understanding was influenced by family background. In general, teachers dominated and controlled the whole procedure by proposing candidates and vote counters. Findings from this study could be relevant for teachers and other school personnel for their future commitment to teaching democracy by practising it. Keywords: Classroom, democracy, differences, leadership qualities, learners, life orientation, participation, South Africa, teachers, voting

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  • 104.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT. Högskolan i Borås, University of Borås.
    Multidimensional Role of Teachers as Pedagogues, Intellectuals and Activists for Promoting Social Justice through Education2023In: Journal of Education and Culture Studies, ISSN 2573-0401, Vol. 7, no 2, p. 52-65Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates roles teachers could play in developing their students’ critical thinking and transforming society. The study is based on a literature review. Critical pedagogy is used as a theoretical point of departure. The results show three important roles of teachers, the pedagogical, intellectualand activist roles. Teachers acting as pedagogues can help their students understand the subjects they are focusing on and develop a critical understanding of their own and their society’s situation. Teachers as intellectuals produce knowledge through research on their practice and other fields of knowledge, learn on how to disseminate such knowledge and understanding its consequences. As citizens, teachers use their own and their students’ experiences and knowledge of needs of their community/society to play an activist role in transforming society. Thus, the ideal teacher plays a multidimensional role as a pedagogue, an intellectual and an activist.

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  • 105.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    New Public Management in the Swedish Higher Education2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The focus of this study is to find out about the neoliberal New Public Management entry into the Swedish higher education institutions, its effect and the possible alternative to it. The study is based on articles in academic journals, policy documents and government sponsored reports. The result of the study shows that the Swedish higher education institutions are influenced by New Public Management. This is visible as market characters such as efficiency, competition, quality control, customer satisfaction is highly valued at present in the higher education. There is also emphasis on manpower training for the labour market. Easily measurable knowledge for immediate use of economic growth are prioritized at the expense of critical and analytical knowledge. Higher education’s autonomy is to some extent violated, collegial leadership is replaced by appointee leadership, staff are under pressure to follow instructions instead of exercising their academic freedom. Based on these findings I will argue against these trends and emphasis on the importance of all partners in higher education to review the present condition in order to facilitate the possibility for keeping higher education (universities) as public autonomous institution, to keep academic freedom intact, to assure that higher education should have both professional and democratic contents, and that higher education should continue to undertake basic long term and short term research for immediate use.

  • 106.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Nkrumah’s and Nyerere’s Educational Visions: What Can Contemporary Africa Learn From Them?2022In: African Journal of Education and Practice, ISSN 2519-0296 (Online), Vol. 8, no 2, p. 20-29Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: This study assesses the educational visions of Kwame Nkrumah and Julius Nyerere and what contemporary Africa can learn from their thoughts and visions.

    Methodology: A selective literature review was conducted of historical and contemporary academic texts of Nkrumah and Nyerere and other writers.

    Findings: The results show that Nkrumah and Nyerere emphasised the need for further educational development in their own and other countries in Africa. They also stressed relating education to the local reality and the relevance of adopting usable knowledge and experiences from other parts of the world. The instrumentality of education to change the life of the masses was given a vital place in their work. For Nkrumah and Nyerere, education should aim to create equity among the population instead of contributing to the rise of an elite class that prioritises its interests rather than the interests of society at large. They stressed that education should not be too theoretical at the expense of practical activities.

    A unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The views and actions of Nkrumah and Nyerere have received criticism, but their visions are still relevant for contemporary Africa and beyond. I argue that those who are researching decolonisation and reform in education in African countries should consider reviewing the thoughts and visions of these pioneers. Their visions can lead to a better theoretical understanding to develop sustainable policies and practices that will alleviate the problems facing the individual countries as well as the continent.

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  • 107.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Nukruma’s and nyerere’s educational visions: what could contemporary africa learns from them?2014Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    NUKRUMA’S AND NYERERE’S EDUCATIONAL VISIONS – WHAT COULD CONTEMPORARY AFRICA LEARNS FROM THEM?

     

    Getahun Yacob Abraham

    Senior Lecturer

    Institution for Pedagogical Studies

    Karlstad University  

     

     

    This study tries to assess the educational visions of two post independent African leaders, Kwame Nkrumah and Julius Nyerere. The focus is on, what could contemporary Africa learn from their visions on developing the welfare of society through education? To answer this question a literature review of their own works and other writers was conducted. The review shows that they emphasised on the need for education for further development in their own and other countries in the continent. They also focused on relating education with the local reality with due concern on the relevance of knowledge of the global reality. The instrumentality of education to change the life of the masses was given a vital place. For them  education should aim at including all sectors of society and on creating equality among the population instead of contributing to evolving an elite class that selfishly prioritize its own interest than the society at large. They stressed that education should not be too theoretical in the expense of the practical activities. According to them the purpose of education should go beyond individual gains and take into consideration the welfare of the whole society. In line with their visions information technology and welfare development in the continent should be assumed in a way that benefits the broad masses.  

     

     

    Key words: contemporary Africa, Education, Nkrumah, Nyerere, visions

  • 108.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    "Re-inventing" Freire for the 21:st Century2013In: Kapet (avslutad tryckt version), ISSN 1653-4743, Vol. 9, no 1, p. 8-17Article in journal (Other academic)
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  • 109.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstad Universitet.
    Student perspective on course materials: Internationalisation and interculturality in preschool teacher education2021Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study explores how preschool student teochers perceive their course materials in relation to internotionolisotion ond interculturol proctice. Questionnoires were odministered through the Survey ond Report tool to 648 students, with 94 (14.5%) responding. Forty-eight percent of therespondents felt thot course materials ond content they encountered did not help them to goin in-depth knowledge on internotionolisotion. Some students indicoted thot  they do not  wont  literoture  in English  longuoge included. They were open to more contoct with internotionol students locolly ond online. Respondents indicoted the perception thot Swedish ond Nordic preschools ore unique. lnsteod of internotionolisotion, the concept of interculturolity wosresonont with the students' identity os Swedish preschool teochers.They volued procticol, teoching-reloted content ond the procticum opportunities to leorn obout interculturolity in the field.

  • 110.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Teacher Education as Preparation for Diversity2019Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates how teacher education prepares student teachers to gain knowledge and experiences required to meet the needs of Swedish preschools with children with linguistic, religious and cultural diversities. The theoretical point of departure is Paulo Freire´s concepts of “generative themes”, dialogue and transformation, through examination of articles, policy documents and other materials available in intercultural/multicultural education. Findings indicate: importance of preschool teachers understanding of diversity among colleagues, children and parents; listening to children; giving closer attention to parents’ perspectives; helping children to understand and respect diversity; engaging with disadvantaged children’s diverse experiences; using good examples that illustrate unity in diversity; considering conflicts relating to children´s rights; and dealing with curriculum and preschool practice. Exposing students to realities outside university may include inviting experienced preschool teachers, giving cases for discussion, showing films to be analysed, etc. Materials should show both opportunities and difficulties of working in intercultural/multicultural environments. 

  • 111.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Teachers as pedagogues, intellectuals and activists for promoting social justice through education2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    The purpose of this study is to investigate how teachers prepare themselves to play their role of developing their students critical thinking to understand the injustice and power relations in their society. The emphasis is on teachers as subjects and their role on preparing “critical citizens” (Moyo, 2013) that will promote democracy and social justice. 

    Teachers are expected to work with different functions of education such as qualifications, socialization and subjectification (Biesta, 2015). Kincheloe (2008) describe teachers in a critical context as follows:

    Teachers working in a critical context rebel against the view of practitioners as information deliverers, as deskilled messengers who uncritically pass along a canned curriculum. Highly skilled scholarly teachers research their students and their communities and analyse the curricular topics they are expected to cover. In light of such inquiry, these teachers develop a course of study that understands subject matter and academic skills in relation to where their students come from and the needs they bring to school…  (Kincheloe 2008, 118).  

    My attempt to understand the role of teachers is inspired by critical pedagogy. According to this perspective, teachers who are willing to give room for their students and encourage them to be critical citizens are considered “problem posing educators” (Freire, 1970), “radical teachers” (Giroux, 1983), “public intellectuals” (Giroux, 2011), etc. According to Freire (1970) these teachers recognize the role of “teacher-student” and “student-teacher”; they teach their students and they are also ready to learn through their students´ reflections and from their life experiences. 

    These teachers in addition to their good theoretical understanding are also activists in their society. Through participation in organizations such as teachers´ unions, local cultural and social associations they are well informed about the current issues and demands of their society.

    In their classrooms, together with their students through “generative themes” (Freire, 1970) raises issues that are not only about school subjects but also relevant to the society at large. By using “dialogic metod” (Ibid., Shor & Freire,1987) they gradually approach the issues from different angels; this enable them to see inequalities and injustice some sectors of the society are experiencing. Beyond understanding, in practice they work on promoting democracy and social justice.  

    I would like to give two examples from the literature I reviewed. The first one is about an American high school teacher, who brought a leather soccer ball and put it in front of his students of Global Studies. He asked them to write anything about the ball and he told them they are allowed go to the front touch it and investigate it as they want. They wrote about it from different perspectives but all of them missed the text in small letters on the ball, that says Made in Pakistan. When the teacher showed them that, they started wondering why it was made in Pakistan, who produced it, how was the working condition for those who produced it, etc. This lead them to critically reflect and discuss even other issues related to materials produced abroad and the exploitative relations involved (Smyth, 2011). 

    The second example is about students from poor farmer families in Tuscany region in Italy. They were helped by their teacher, Don Lorenzo Milani to be aware of their underclass non-privileged position in their society and their school. Eight pupils from the school, Barbiana school wrote a book titled, Letter to A Teacher (Lettera). In their book, they criticized the school system for failing them and the privilege middle class children received in their expense (Mayo, 2013). 

     

  • 112.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    The Neoliberal New Public Management influence on the Swedish Higher Education2017In: Kapet (elektronisk), E-ISSN 2002-3979, Vol. 13, no 1, p. 45-58Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This study is about neoliberal New Public Management (NPM) entry into the Swedish higher education institutions, its effects and the possible alternatives to it. Academic articles, policy documents and government reports are used for the study. The results of the study show in the Swedish higher education institutions, NPM market characters such as efficiency, competition, quality control, customer satisfaction and manpower training for the labour market are emphasised. Easily measurable knowledge is prioritized at the expense of critical and analytical knowledge. Higher education’s autonomy is to some extent violated, collegial leadership is replaced by appointee leadership, and staff are under pressure to follow instructions instead of exercising their academic freedom. Based on these findings I will argue against these trends and emphasise on the importance of all partners in higher education to review the present condition to facilitate the possibility of keeping higher education as public autonomous institutions, academic freedom intact, assure that higher education should have both professional and democratic contents, and that higher education should continue to undertake basic long-term and short-term research.

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  • 113.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    The Quest for Intercultural Perspective in the Swedish Education System2019In: European Conference for Education Research (ECER 2019), 2019Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study is to explore the status of intercultural perspective in education in Sweden. The study is guided by three questions of what are the official views of intercultural perspective in education, why intercultural perspective is relevant for education and what are the possible ways of implementing it. Bennett´s definition of intercultural learning is considered as theoretical starting point for the study, ‘Acquiring increased awareness of subjective cultural context (world view), including one’s own, and developing greater ability to interact sensitively and competently across cultural contexts...’ (Bennett, 2009, S.3). A general literature on intercultural perspective and a literature on the subject with specific focus on Sweden are referred for this study. The result of the reviews show the concept of intercultural education was introduced as a policy documents in Sweden as early as the 1980s; a serious definition of what intercultural was not considered; there is a general recognition of diversity based on language, religion, ethnicity, gender, etc; while recognizing diversity, the focus is on understanding differences; on helping the “immigrant” to integrate to the society; on stating laws and policies for protection against discrimination of different groups. There is a common understanding among the authors of the reviewed texts, that more should be done to develop intercultural perspective in the different levels in the education system. 

  • 114.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Vägen från antagonism till agonism i Sydafrika, utbildningsreformer och läroplaner efter apartheid2014Other (Other academic)
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  • 115.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    What are the aims of the lessons on role models?: Teachers and pupils’ understanding of the theme in South African comprehensive school classes.2015In: Online Educational Research Journal, E-ISSN 2044-0294, Vol. 5, no 5Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Role models was one of the themes for lessons in the Foundation Phase in the South African Revised National Curriculum Statement of 2002 (RNCS; Department of Education, 2002). The focus of the article is to discuss how teachers understood, interpreted and presented the theme to their pupils and how their pupils responded to it. The study is based on policy texts, observation of lessons and textbooks. Foucault’s concepts of normalisation and normalising judgment and Connell’s concepts of masculinity and sex roles are used to analyse results. The results of the study show similarities and differences in understanding and preferences of role models by teachers and pupils. While teachers emphasised officially known people as role models, some pupils considered family members and other people in their neighbourhood.Mandela was a favoured role model in most classes. Even if the theme of the lessons was role models, I argue that the covert agenda is normalising pupils to the existing dominant social norms of the society.

     

     

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  • 116.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Angervall, Petra
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Pitfalls and possibilities with international partnerships:: An interview with Gun-Britt Wärvik, the Swedish coordinator of an international partnership program2023In: Journal of Praxis in Higher Education, ISSN ISSN 2003-3605, Vol. 5, no 1, p. 28-44Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper is based on an interview with one of the principal leaders of an international partnership program between Ethiopia and Sweden, 2018–2022. The purpose of this interview was to deepen the understanding of these kinds of partnerships and to learn more about the possibilities and pitfalls of working in a joint program between national and cultural contexts. We interviewed Professor Gun-Britt Wärvik, the Swedish coordinator of the doctoral program between Addis Ababa University (AAU) and the University of Gothenburg (GU). The interview results suggest that doctoral supervisory challenges were present as students often used concepts produced in cultural contexts foreign to their assigned supervisors. Additionally, the administrative burden was particularly challenging for the Ethiopian counterpart that coordinated the program. Overall, the program created many positive work opportunities for students, provided possibilities for the staff of both universities to exercise supervision and examination of doctoral students, and enriched international experiences for all involved. 

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  • 117.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    et al.
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Barksdale, Mary Alice
    Virginia Tech.
    Literacy and Democracy in South African Primary Schools2018 (ed. 1)Book (Refereed)
  • 118.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    et al.
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Bergersen, Ane
    Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway.
    Freire’s concepts and theories as a strategy to reduce poverty2019Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract: Freire’s concepts and theories as a strategy to reduce poverty

     

    Getahun Yacob Abraham, Senior Lecturer in Education, Karlstad University, Sweden 

     

    Ane Bergersen, Associate Professor Sociology, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences

     

    The UN Sustainable Development Goals puts as its first goal, “End Extreme Poverty In All Forms By 2030” (UNDP, 2016). This shows poverty is one of the gravest problem in our planet. Most countries in Sub-Saharan Africa are reported as countries with low development index and extreme poverty (UNDP 2018, FAO 2017 & World Bank 2017). This paper will use Paulo Freire´s (1970) concepts “generative themes”, dialogue and transformation to be able to discuss how themes can be raised, discussed and possible actions for change will be proposed. Some preliminary review of literature shows the relevance of universities considering themselves as public goods, including in their policies, their commitment to the development of their societies, giving sufficient attention to local and regional problems and devotion to educating a generation of students with critical thinking and devotion to transform their society. This paper will explore how universities in Southern/Africa could include Freire’s concepts and theories in their research agenda in their search of causes of poverty and possible ways of reducing/eradicating it in their local and regional contexts.

  • 119.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    et al.
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Margrain, Valerie
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Internationalisation and Interculturality in Preschool Teacher Education: Whose Agenda?2020In: Internasional Utvecksling i Laerutdanning, 2020Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study explores the question, how do Karlstad University (KAU) preschool teacher education students perceive their course materials in relation to internationalisation and intercultural practice? Questionnaires were administered through the Survey and Report tool to all students in the program. Out of 648 students who received the questionnaire, 94 (14.5%) replied. Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) is used as theoretical perspective for the study, with analysis exploring the CHAT elements of: tools; subjects; rules; community; division of labour; objects; and outcomes. Results of the study show that students recognized the availability of internationalization and intercultural perspective in their courses, and particularly valued opportunities to meet and discuss with practicing preschool teachers working in multicultural and multilingual areas. Results also note challenges with creating opportunity for students to meet students from other countries, either in Sweden or online. Some students also indicated they found it difficult to engage with English language texts that used critical theory or which differed from Nordic contexts. Our research suggests that Swedish student teachers value content which prepares them for working in Sweden with culturally diverse students, but place less value on higher education goals of internationalisation when these are not closely connected to practice. 

     

  • 120.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Margrain, Valerie
    Karlstad University.
    “We are Swedish Preschool Teachers”.: Student Teacher Feedback on Internationalisation and Interculturality in Preschool Teacher Education2022In: World Studies in Education, ISSN 1441-340X, E-ISSN 2201-0629, Vol. 23, no 1, p. 77-95Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Course materials in teacher education programmes are one of the means to support young teachers learn content knowledge and pedagogical theories. The materials are chosen to support their learning in a range of areas, and this article presents the findings of a study that explored how Swedish preschool student teachers perceived their course materials in relation to internationalisation and intercultural practice. Questionnaires were administered to students in a preschool teacher education at a Swedish university through the Survey and Report tool, and 94 students responded. Findings indicate that the responding student teachers valued content and materials for three key reasons: (i) materials that were localised, (ii) practice-oriented, and (iii) prepared them for working specifically in Swedish preschools. Identity as a Swedish preschool teacher (Swedish context and preschool teaching focus) appeared to be of greater influence in determining the responding students’ value of content than the higher education goals of globalisation and internationalisation. 

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  • 121.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    et al.
    Karlstads Universitet .
    Maria Kristina, Börebäck
    Karlstads Universitet.
    Komplementäragranskningskriteriers betydelse för hur doktorsavhandlingars kvalitetbeskrivs: En analys av fakultetsopponenters sammanfattande kommentarer av doktors-avhandlingar 2000-20152021In: Kapet (elektronisk), E-ISSN 2002-3979, E-ISSN 2002-3979, Vol. 17, no 1, p. 71-97Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna artikel beskriver hur fakultetsopponenter motiverar avhandlingars kvalitet i populärvetenskapliga sammanfattningar som publicerats i tidskriften Pedagogisk forskning i Sverige under perioden 2000-2015. I artikeln fokuseras granskningskriterier som gäller relevans, förståelse av forskningsfältet, presentation av texten och dess kommunicerbarhet, originalitet och bidrag samt självständighet, vilka alla kompletterar de grundläggande granskningskriterierna. I artikel fokuseras hur dessa granskningskriterier kommer till uttryck och används när fakultetsopponenter beskriver en avhandling som de har granskat. Syftet är att tydliggöra hur dessa granskningskriterier framställs när fakultetsopponenter lyfter fram vad som är betydelsefullt i avhandlingarna. Studien omfattar 59 sammanfattande texter från 60 olika disputationstillfällen. Avsikten är att bidra till en djupare förståelse av dessa granskningskriterier och hur de kommer till uttryck, till nytta för doktorander, handledare och fakultetsopponenter.

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  • 122.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    et al.
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    von Brömssen, Kerstin
    Högskolan Väst.
    Internationalisation in teacher education: student teachers’ reflections on experiences from a field study in South Africa2018In: Education Inquiry, E-ISSN 2000-4508, Vol. 9, no 4, p. 347-362Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Internationalisation of higher education and teacher education has been a key issue since the 1990s and many universities still attempt to increase student mobility ever since. Much research has been done on the topic of internationalisation and higher education, including teacher education trying to show how a certain programme impacts on students’ learning, especially intercultural learning when it comes to programmes in teacher education. These studies are often directed towards programmes that last several months or a whole year. The focus of this study is rather to explore if and in what way experiences in a two-week field study can contribute to a student teacher’s intercultural learning and professional development. The findings of the research show that even a short field study has an important impact on the individual student teacher’s understanding of themselves and on awareness of teachers’ living and working conditions in a different culture like South Africa.

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  • 123.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    et al.
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    von Brömssen, Kerstin
    Learning through short field studies, Swedish students voice on field studies in schools in South Africa.2014Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    The focus of this study is to explore in what way a short term field study can contribute to teacher students intercultural learning and professional development. The role that firsthand experience plays in culture learning has invariably been discussed to be a critical part in intercultural learning (Quezada 2012, 8). The empirical material for the study consists of interviews before, during and after a two week field study conducted with six Swedish teacher students in South Africa. Observations during the field visits were also part of the used methods. The students specifically reflects on the observed language barriers for children who are attending education with other languages than their mother tongue, strong discipline in classrooms and resource differences between schools. According to the students diversity in the culture and seeing pupils with diverse backgrounds in the same context will be helpful for their future carriers. They believe in particular that the field study experience will help them to meet pupils with diverse backgrounds in their own school classes. They also believe the field study helped them to gain an understanding of the Swedish education system in comparison to others. Thus, we argue that a short term field study can contribute to intercultural learning and professional development, although findings also suggest that the tutoring in the field plays a crucial role.

  • 124.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    et al.
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    von Brömssen, Kerstin
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och kulturvetenskap (from 2013).
    Swedish student teachers´ perspectives on their short field study in South Africa2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper explores if and in what way experiences from a short field study can contribute to student teachers intercultural learning and professional development. The paper is based on focus groups and individual interviews, with two groups of Swedish student teachers that undertook a two-week field study in South African schools. Researches on internationalisation in higher education especially trying to show intercultural learning in teacher education, often last several months or a whole year. Thus, there is a knowledge gap on students’ doing shorter field studies, which our study wants to help fill. The findings show that even a short field study has an important impact on the individual student teacher’s understanding of themselves and awareness of teachers’ living and working conditions in a different culture like South Africa.  It is impossible to conclude that the student teachers became more interculturally competent through this short field study. However, the student teachers in their reflections turn their attention back to their own national context for critical comparisons. As underlined by the student teachers, experiencing the context of teaching and learning and meeting people “in reality” is something that really “grabs your heart”. 

     

     

  • 125.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    et al.
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Wikan, Gerd
    Hedmark University of Applied Sciences, Norway.
    Postcolonial perspective, indigenous knowledge and critical theories for transforming universities and societies in Southern/Africa2017Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This conference paper will address some problems facing Southern/African universities. Instead of detailed discussion of general problems facing universities in Southern/Africa, it will focus on universities relation to their funding partners such as the state and external donors, as well as their role as higher education institution in terms of teaching, research and the outreach/community services program. We believe postcolonial investigation into higher education helps universities to look into their past and its impact on their present. Through researching indigenous knowledge systems, they can find out about locally developed knowledge that they can integrate into their educational curricula. Concepts from critical theories could be used to analyse universities relations to their funders, their teaching-learning process, their research and their outreach to their communities. Specifically, through using critical pedagogic approach, they can prepare their students to critically view the reality of their societies, to find out their needs and to participate in the process of their transformation. On the base of these perspectives, hopefully universities could address the problems of inequalities caused by class, gender, ethnicity and race.

     

     

    KEYWORDS: Postcolonial perspective, indigenous knowledge, critical theories, transformation, universities, societies, Southern/Africa.

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  • 126. Abrahamsson, A
    et al.
    Springett, J
    Karlsson, L
    Ottosson, T
    University of Borås, School of Education and Behavioural Science.
    Some Lessons from Swedish Midwives' Experiences of Approaching Women Smoker in Antenatal Care2005In: Midwifery, ISSN 0266-6138, E-ISSN 1532-3099, Vol. 21, no 4, p. 335-345Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: to describe the qualitatively different ways in which midwives make sense of how to approach women smokers. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: a more person-centred national project 'Smoke-free pregnancy' has been in progress in Sweden since 1992. Using a phenomenographic approach, 24 midwives who have been regularly working in antenatal care were interviewed about addressing smoking during pregnancy. FINDINGS: four different story types of how the midwives made sense of their experiences in addressing smoking in pregnancy were identified: 'avoiding', 'informing', 'friend-making', 'co-operating'. KEY CONCLUSION: the midwives' story types about how they approached women who smoke illustrated the difficulties of changing from being an expert who gives information and advice to being an expert on how to enable a woman in finding out why she smoked and how to stop smoking. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: health education about smoking that is built on co-operation and dialogue was seen by the midwives as a productive way of working. The starting point should be the lay perspective of a woman, which means that her thoughts about smoking cessation are given the space to grow while she talks.

  • 127. Abrahamsson, Agneta
    et al.
    Vibeke, Bing
    Löfström, Mikael
    University of Borås, School of Business and IT.
    Familjecentraler i Västra Götaland2009Report (Other academic)
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  • 128. Abrahamsson, Alexander
    et al.
    Arvidsson, Wictor
    Svenskarnas syn på självkörande bilar och dess etiska och moraliska konsekvenser2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Artificial intelligence is a phenomenon that is only getting bigger and bigger in the world and in Sweden. The technology is becoming increasingly common for cars to be able to drive themselves, in other words self-driving cars. Sweden currently has no legislation for fully self-driving cars in Sweden. Through a quantitative survey, the public's attitude and acceptance of the phenomenon in Sweden has been examined. Furthermore, the study investigated who the Swedish population believes should be held accountable in car accidents with self-driving cars. The authors were able to state that the legislation lags behind the technology and in order for fully self-driving cars to be implemented in Sweden, there should be a change in the legislation to meet the general perception of self-driving cars in Sweden. The results of the study came to the conclusion that a change in the current legislation should be relevant where the law benefits people as well as the companies behind the technology, not just as it is now that the law only benefits the car manufacturers as they have no responsibility in car accidents with semi-autonomous cars. In order for people to trust the technology, a greater knowledge of the phenomenon is needed. The car manufacturers could fix this by letting the user of the car have greater knowledge of, for example, the data that the companies collect and what it is used for. 

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    2023KANI01
  • 129.
    Abrahamsson, Anna
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Mixco Johansson, Jennie
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Lärmiljöns betydelse för undervisning i förskolan: En intervjustudie i förskolan2023Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur förskollärare uppfattar barns lärmiljöer och på vilket sätt lärmiljöerna och materialet används för att stödja undervisningen. Studien beskriver även miljöns betydelse för lek och lärande är att den ska främja barnens utveckling optimalt. I studien lyfter vi det sociokulturella perspektivet som teoretisk bakgrund.

    Det empiriska materialet samlades genom en kvalitativ metod med svagt strukturerade intervjufrågor. Den kvalitativa metoden valdes för att kunna få djupare uppfattning om förskollärares kunskaper och erfarenheter av förskolans lärmiljö.

    Resultatet av vår studie visar att lärmiljön är enligt respondenterna under ständig förändring utifrån barnens projekt och intresse. Att forma miljöer utifrån barns individuella förutsättningar och att skapa trygga samt stimulerande lärmiljöer där utforskande och utmaningar kan ske. Barns utveckling och lärande sker kontinuerligt och därmed kan undervisningens innehåll vara både den planerade men även uppstå i de spontana.

  • 130.
    Abrahamsson, Anna-Carin
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Nylander, Annsofie
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Förskollärares syn på matematikundervisning i förskolan2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Inledning

    Studien handlar om att undersöka hur förskollärare förhåller sig till den planerade matematikundervisningen i förskolan. Tidigare forskning av Catucci (2021, s.37) visar att förskollärare har ett bristande självförtroende i ämnet matematik som grundar sig på negativa erfarenheter från barndomen och att förskollärarna vanligtvis upplever styrdokumenten som oklara.

    Studiens syfte

    Syftet med studien är att ta reda på hur förskollärare arbetar med planerad matematikundervisning och på vilket sätt matematikundervisningsmålen synliggörs utifrån läroplanen. Vi vill förstå vilka faktorer som inverkar på matematikundervisningen i förskolan.

    Metod

    Vi har valt att använda oss av kvalitativa intervjuer i vår studie då det är en metod som kan ge detaljerade svar av respondenterna (Christoffersen & Johannessen 2015, s.83). Vi har intervjuat fem förskollärare från två olika verksamheter i Västsverige.

    Resultat

    I vårt resultat kan fyra olika kategorier utläsas utifrån vår analys av respondenternas svar, vilka är förskollärares förhållningssätt gentemot matematik, hur använder förskollärare matematiska begrepp i undervisningen, läroplansmål som upplevs vara svåra att förverkliga av förskollärare och förskollärares upplevelse av att ha tillräckliga kunskaper i matematik. Det framgick att samtliga respondenter efterfrågar fortbildning i matematik då de lyfter att ny forskning kan påverka undervisningen. Studien visar att förskollärarna har god kännedom om adekvata ämnesord men lyfter att de inte använder dem medvetet och systematiskt i undervisningen. De reflekterar även över att en del läroplansmål kan vara svåra att lära ut till barnen

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  • 131.
    Abrahamsson, Anna-Karin
    et al.
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Rancken, Britt-Marie
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Att bli äldre: en annoterad bibliografi om åldrande och äldreomsorg 1977-19811982Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bibliografin innehåller litteratur som ur någon aspekt beskriver åldrande och samhällets äldreomsorg. Skönlitteratur och facklitteratur som utkommit på svenska under åren 1977-1981 är medtagna i förteckningen.

  • 132. Abrahamsson, Birgitta
    et al.
    Berg, Marie-Louise U.
    Jutengren, Göran
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Jonsson, Annikki
    To recommend the local primary health-care centre or not: What importance do patients attach to initial contact quality, staff continuity and responsive staff encounters?2015In: International Journal for Quality in Health Care, ISSN 1353-4505, Vol. 27, no 3, p. 196-200Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: This study aims to examine the circumstances associated with patients’ tendencies to recommend a primary care centre, based on four hypotheses, the initial contact’s quality, care relationship continuity, treatment encounter responsiveness and whether the significance of encounter responsiveness differs depending on whether the patient has been seeing a nurse or physician. Design: The study is based on the patient’ self-reported responses, retrieved from the Swedish National Patient Survey. The design is cross-sectional, and data were analysed using a binary logistic regression. Setting: Data were collected from three primary healthcare centres in the region of Västra Götaland, Sweden. Participants: A total of 362 patients (62% females) having visited any of three publicly run healthcare centres in September 2010 constitute the analytical sample. Participants were fairly evenly distributed across all age groups. Main Outcome Measures: Recommendation was captured by patients’ binary responses to the question: Would you recommend the visited primary healthcare centre? Results: The hypotheses involving initial contact quality, care relationship continuity and treatment encounter responsiveness were supported by the analyses. The latter was strongly associated with patient tendency to recommend the primary healthcare centre. However, the profession (nurse or physician) involved in the treatment encounter made no difference for the predictive significance of encounter responsiveness for a patient’s tendency to recommend the healthcare centre. Conclusions: Striving for stable and responsive patient/staff relationships and an open approach towards patients are potentially successful strategies for primary healthcare centres seeking to attract new patients and maintain current ones. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved)(journal abstract)

  • 133.
    Abrahamsson, Birgitta
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Hernberger, Barbro
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    ”Hellre motion än tabletter”, Patienters erfarenheter av att få FaR vid diabetes typ 22008Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor)Student thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Fysisk inaktivitet har idag blivit en riskfaktor för att utveckla diabetes typ 2. I diabetessjuksköterskans arbete ingår samtal om livsstilsförändringar gällande bland annat fysisk aktivitet, vilket kan innebära att Fysisk aktivitet på recept (FaR) skrivs som behandling av diabetes typ 2. Studiens syfte var att beskriva patienters erfarenheter av att ha fått FaR vid behandling av diabetes typ 2. Patienterna utgjordes av fyra kvinnor och fyra män med diabetes typ 2 som hade fått FaR efter maj 2007. Studien var en kvalitativ intervjustudie. Intervjuerna skrevs ned och analyserades därefter i fyra olika faser enligt Evans (2003). Studiens resultat presenteras i två huvudteman: Ökade motionsvanor och Ökad motivation och följande underteman: hellre motion än tabletter, för min egen skull, det blev allvar, insikt och hon ville väl. I diskussionsavsnittet framkommer att resultatet stämmer väl överens med tidigare forskning och lyfter fram diabetessjuksköterskans betydelse vid förskrivning av FaR när det gäller att motivera patienten till ökad fysisk aktivitet.

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  • 134.
    Abrahamsson, Claes
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Intuberade patienters upplevelser av intensivvård. Om kampen mellan de overkligt onda och de verkligt goda2009Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Patienter som behandlas på en intensivvård möts av en miljö med teknisk utrustning, där slangar och sladdar är kopplade till olika övervaknings monitorer. Patienter som inte förmår upprätthålla en adekvat syresättning i vävnaden förses med en endotrakealtub som ansluts till en mekanisk ventilator. För att acceptera endotrakealtuben och behandling får patienterna sedering och analgetika. På intensivvården är personaltätheten hög och patienten lämnas sällan på rummet ensam och sjuksköterskan har en central roll i behandlingen och omvårdnaden. Syftet: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva intuberade patienters upplevelser av intensivvård. Metoden: Litteraturöversikt där 11 artiklar ingår och en kvalitativ innehållsanalys metod har använts. Resultat: Resultatet visar att patienterna upplever overkliga drömmar, mardrömmar och hallucinationer som obehagliga och skrämmande. De har svårt att urskilja vad som är verkligt och overkligt, flera olika faktorer påverkar upplevelserna av overklighet. Den teknologiska miljön runt patient, sjuksköterskans attityder och bemötande och omvårdnadssituationer triggar dessa overkliga upplevelser. Larm och oljud som stör, slangar och sladdar som gör det obekvämt och lampor som bländar. Patienterna beskriver sjuksköterskan ibland som bekväm, lat och kan förorsaka deras overkliga upplevelser. Att vara intuberad medför ett stort hinder för kommunikationen och närvaron av endotrakealtuben anser patienterna som den största anledningen till att kommunikationen upplevs både frustrerande och ångestfylld. Anhöriga har en stor och viktig betydelse under tiden på IVA. Anhöriga upplevs som verkligheten och kontakt med livet utanför IVA. Anhöriga får patienten att känna sig trygga och en anledning att kämpa vidare. Sjuksköterskan upplevs också av patienterna som den som ingjuter säkerhet, trygghet och ett ökat välbefinnande. Diskussion: En vårdrelation som bygger på ett ömsesidigt förhållande mellan sjuksköterska och patient minskar vårdlidandet och skapar en förutsättning för att patientens upplevelse av IVA förblir en verklighet under hela vårdtiden. Nyckelord: Overkliga upplevelser,

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  • 135.
    Abrahamsson, Daniel
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Petersson, Oscar
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Anbud: Faktorer och förbättringsmöjligheter i anbudsprocessen2017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The report shows how extensive the tender process is and what factors to consider in order tosubmit a winning bid. It highlights the different parts of the tender process and makes adeeper analysis of some of the most important factors. Bidding is not just about value whatsomething will cost. Because companies rarely are alone, they are finding ways and solutionsthat make the offer competitive. There is a high pace in the construction industry andconstruction companies currently have a lot to do.The report is written together with RO-Gruppen and a survey is the basis for the analysis. Thegoal was to describe RO-Gruppens work and to find possible improvement potential.As specifications, customers and procurement variations vary, it’s difficult to always followthe same template. Transparency and flexibility is required to analyze what exactly the clientis looking for. Experience proved to be a decisive factor, both according to the literature andthe questionnaire survey.

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    Anbud
  • 136.
    Abrahamsson, Emilia
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Wiland, Isabelle
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Upplevelsen av smärta hos patienter med obotlig cancersjukdom2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Smärta är det vanligaste symtomet till följd av obotlig cancersjukdom och inverkar på patientens livskvalité och välbefinnande i livets slutskede. Smärtan kan upplevas både som fysiskt, psykiskt, socialt och existentiellt lidande. En god palliativ vård har som mål att lindra patientens lidande utefter dennes individuella behov och därigenom förbättra patientens livskvalité. Många sjuksköterskor upplever att cancersmärtan är svårbehandlad och kan känna en hjälplöshet när de inte lyckas lindra patientens smärta och lidande. En sammanställning av tidigare kvalitativa artiklar analyserades utefter Fribergs modell.

    Studiens resultat redogörs i ett huvudtema, Att leva med smärta, med fyra underteman. Patienter upplever smärtan till följd av cancer som ett hinder för vardagliga aktiviteter såväl som upplevelsen av beteende- och relationsförändringar. Dessutom framkommer det att cancersmärtan påminner patienten om sin obotliga cancersjukdom vilket skapar tankar kring livet, framtiden och döden. Sjuksköterskan har en betydande roll för upplevelsen av smärta hos patienten i sitt förhållningssätt och bemötande. Med hjälp av denna studie kan patienters upplevelse av smärta vid obotlig cancer i ett palliativt skede studeras och därmed bidra till ökad kunskap om fenomenet. Denna kunskap kan således användas till att lindra dessa patienters smärta och lidande vilket kan förbättra deras livskvalité i livets slutskede.

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    K2018:91
  • 137.
    Abrahamsson, Hanna
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Ström, Maria
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    En medveten omedvetenhet och en omedveten medvetenhet i distriktssköterskans dagliga arbete: Distriktssköterskans vetskap om hållbar utveckling.2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Sustainable development means satisfying today's needs without compromising the ability for future generations to meet their needs and is comprised of three dimensions which, individually and together, are important components of health. The global sustainable development goals are set in Agenda 2030 where health promotion in district nursing can play an important role for sustainabile developement. Goal achievement requires knowledge of sustainable development and the global goals for sustainability. The purpose of this study was to examine the district nurse's knowledge of sustainable development related to the daily work. To do so, a qualitative interview study was conducted with eight district nurses from both home health care and primary care centers. The data has been analyzed through qualitative content analysis which resulted in the following five generic categories: Economic focus, Focus on the environment, Health promotion, Sustainable development work and Healthy work environment. The main category is descibed as: A concious unawareness and an unconscious awareness of sustainable development in the daily work of district nursing. The results show the district nurses' knowledge of sustainable development linked to daily work. Much of what is done in the district nurse's daily work is in fact sustainable and the district nurses testify to a sustainable way of thinking but that they do not link this to sustainable development as a concept. The results shows the need for education on the subject. Knowledge of the sustainable developement goals is also needed, as the result has not been clearly stated in the district nurse's knowledge.

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    M2019:66
  • 138.
    Abrahamsson, Ida
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Thomée, Rebecca
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    När sjuksköterskan möter transpersoner i vårdande kontext: Sjuksköterskans bemötande – en litteraturstudie2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund och problemformulering: Transpersoner är historiskt sett en utsatt grupp som avviker från normer och strukturer i samhället. Genom förnyade och nystiftade lagar arbetas det i Sverige för att transpersoner ska få den vård som krävs för en god hälsa. Utan god hälsa och vård kan lidande uppstå i form av skam och otrygghet. Kunskap är en förutsättning för god vård. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att belysa sjuksköterskans bemötande av transpersoner i vårdande kontext genom att beskriva sjuksköterskans attityder gentemot och kunskap om personer med transidentitet. Metod: För att få en uppfattning om rådande forskning gjordes en litteraturstudie där innehållet strukturerades för att kunna urskilja subkategorier och därefter huvudkategorier. Artiklarna som analyserades var både kvalitativa och kvantitativa.

    Resultat: Tre kategorier representerade studiens resultat och var följande: ”kunskap och förståelse”, ”attityder” samt ”bemötande”. Det framkom en omfattande okunskap om transpersoner hos sjuksköterskor. Attityderna varierade men var ganska genomgående ifrågasättande och negativa. Sjuksköterskor var ofta påverkade av normer, medvetet eller omedvetet, vilket tog sig uttryck genom ett diskriminerande, auktoritärt och stigmatiserande bemötande. Kategorierna visade sig ha tydliga samband, klinisk kunskap kunde exempelvis kopplas till mer positiva attityder. Det fanns därtill ofta en vilja hos sjuksköterskan att ge en god vård. Diskussion: Sjuksköterskans kunskap kan innebära skillnaden mellan god och diskriminerande vård. Utbildning om transpersoner brister vid många universitet, vilket speglas i en utbredd okunskap. Det är viktigt att teamarbete främjas för att en kompetent vård ska främjas. Diskriminering och stigmatisering kan motverkas genom att arbetsledare och sjuksköterskor tar sitt professionella ansvar.

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    K2018:34
  • 139.
    Abrahamsson, Jane
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Karlsson, Frida
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    När hjärtat sviktar: Den äldre patientens upplevelse av att leva med kronisk hjärtsvikt2008Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor)Student thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Kronisk hjärtsvikt är en vanligt förekommande sjukdom som för med sig en successiv kroppslig funktionsnedsättning. Ibland är förståelsen i vården liten för den äldre patientens förändrade livssituation då den ofta ses som en del av ett naturligt åldrande. Syftet är att beskriva den äldre patientens upplevelse av att leva med kronisk hjärtsvikt. Studien har genomförts som en litteraturstudie där materialet består av kvalitativa artiklar. Litteratursökningen gjordes i databaserna Academic Search Elite, Cinahl, Medline och Pubmed där sökorden har kombinerats på olika sätt för att få fram relevanta artiklar. Den insamlade datan granskades och analyserades efter Evans (2002-2003) gällande innehållsanalys. Resultatet presenteras i fyra huvudteman med subteman. Tema ett handlar om att symtomen ger en orkeslöshet som begränsar patientens liv. Tema två tar upp känslan av att bli en börda och vilka skuldkänslor det ger. Tema tre berör patientens tankar kring försämring av sjukdomen och döden. I tema fyra tar patienten åter kontroll över sitt liv genom att bygga relationer, få bekräftelse och göra aktiva val. I diskussionen tar vi bland annat upp frustrationen över att tvingas ta det lugnt och hur patientens oro kan visa sig i praktiken. Vi diskuterar också hur sjuksköterskan kan använda sig av den här kunskapen.

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  • 140.
    Abrahamsson, Karolina
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Konflikter och konflikthantering i förskolan utifrån barns perspektiv.2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Inledning

    Konflikter är en del av förskolans vardag. Det finns olika orsaker till att barns konflikter uppstår. Utifrån pedagogers perspektiv ses konflikter ofta som något negativt. Enligt många forskare är dock konflikter ett tillfälle för utveckling och lärande. För att konflikter ska bli ett lärandetillfälle måste de hanteras konstruktivt och alla barn som är delaktiga i konflikten ska respekteras och de ska få stöd från pedagogen. Genom att ta barnperspektiv på konflikter och konflikthantering får pedagoger bättre möjlighet att stödja barnen i deras konflikthantering samt förstå barnens uppfattningar, handlingar och känslor som ligger bakom konflikten.

    Syfte

    Syftet med studien är att undersöka barns perspektiv på konflikter och konflikthantering i förskolan. Fokus i undersökningen ligger på barnens uppfattningar om konflikter och barnens konflikthantering samt pedagogens stöd i konfliktsituationer på förskolan.

    Metod

    I studien används kvalitativ metod och barnintervjuer som redskap. Intervjuerna genomfördes med sex barn i åldern 5 år på en förskola. Syftet med dessa metodval är att undersöka barns perspektiv på konflikter och konflikthantering i förskolan. Under intervjuer används tre korta filmer som jag själv spelat in på en Ipad. Filmsekvenserna handlar om tre fiktiva konfliktsituationer mellan handdockor. Film ett – handlar om att Igelkott och Kanin vill ha samma leksaksbil. Film två – handlar om att Igelkott och Kanin är på disco och dansar tillsammans och att Nalle inte får vara med. Film 3 – handlar om att Kanin ritar på Igelkotts teckning. Efter varje filmsekvens ställer jag frågor till barnen.

    Resultat

    I resultatet framgår att barnen uppfattar konflikter negativt. Konflikter väcker olika känslor hos barnen. I konfliktsituationer upplever barnen positiva känslor såsom solidaritet och sympati. Barnen upplever även neutrala känslor. Men oftast uttrycker barnen negativa känslor i samband med konflikten. I resultatet framkommer att barnen försöker att hantera sina konflikter själva och använder sig av olika konflikthanteringsstrategier. Barnen förhandlar i sina konflikter, försöker att undvika konfrontationen, medlar eller söker stöd hos tredje part, i det här fallet hos pedagogen. Barnen ser positivt på pedagogens stöd i konflikthantering. Barnen upplever att de får hjälp från pedagogen i diverse konfliktsituationer och de förväntar sig att pedagogen lyssnar på dem och agerar.

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  • 141.
    Abrahamsson, Lisa
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Pantefors, Anna
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Att undersöka sjuksköterskors och sjuksköterskestudenters upplevelser av att vårda patienter med obesitas: En litteraturöversikt2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Från student till yrkesprofessionen sjuksköterska tillkommer ökat ansvar och med erfarenhet kommer fler insikter i hur vården ser ut. I alla yrken tas det med egna tankar, värderingar och förutfattade meningar ut i arbetslivet. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur sjuksköterskors samt sjuksköterskestudenters upplevelser är att vårda patienter med obesitas. Hädanefter kommer sjuksköterskestudenter enbart benämns med studenter. I studien vill författarna se om vården som bedrivs färgas utifrån patientens kroppsstorlek. Metoden för studien genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt. Arbetet grundar sig på 8 kvantitativa och kvalitativa artiklar. Artiklarna bearbetades och delades in i följande tre kategorier: Diskriminering och normer, sjukvårdens miljö och bristfällig kunskap.

    I resultatet framgår det att stigmatisering, diskriminering, dåligt anpassade patientrum och brist på material är några av de problemområden som finns, samt att det kan vara en utmaning för sjuksköterskan och studenter att vårda denna patientgrupp. I diskussionen tas det bland annat upp att brist på kunskap om obesitas kan vara ett nyckelproblem, och att detta behöver förbättras. Slutligen, dessa patienter är en utsatt grupp som får ta emot kränkningar och diskriminering från både vårdens håll men även från samhället. Det är ett komplext ämne som kräver mer utbildning för alla parter i vårdkedjan för att kunna bedriva en jämlik och personcentrerad vård. Det skall dessutom kännas tryggt för sjukvårdspersonalen att ha rätt förutsättningar till att vårda på ett etiskt korrekt sätt. 

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    K2022:88
  • 142.
    Abrahamsson, Mikael
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Bergan, Isabella
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Att hålla sig informerad och uppdaterad inom yrket: en intervjustudie med barnbibliotekarier2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to develop a deeper understanding of children’s librarians and their work related information practice, more specifically on how they stay informed and updated in their professional role. The empirical material was collected through six semi structured interviews with children’s librarians from different public libraries in Sweden. The material was then analysed with Bates (2002) model of different modes of information seeking.

    The results showed that the children’s librarians' work consisted of a wide variety of tasks which influenced their information seeking practice and consequently had to cover a wide spectrum of areas. The respondents further described how their work with library activities directed to children affected their information seeking as they needed varying forms of information to support the development and implementation of these activities. The most central information sources that the respondents seemed to turn to in order to stay updated were networks, colleagues, their target group (children), the library collection, other organizations, other professions who also worked with children and the internet.

    The main modes of information seeking that the children’s librarians’ seemed to use to stay informed was ‘Searching’ and ‘Monitoring’. These are the most directed information seeking modes that are included in Bates (2002) model. The information seeking was further identified as an ongoing activity that was integrated with other work tasks. Staying informed was often described as being driven by a personal interest which sometimes led to work related information seeking in the spare time.

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  • 143.
    Abrahamsson, Pontus
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Svedberg, Pierre
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Sanering av kontaminerad mark2008Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor)Student thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    På uppdrag av Nexans IKO Sweden AB har MK Bygg AB genomfört saneringsarbete av kontaminerad mark i Tranemo kommun. 1947 ändrade Nexans IKO Sweden AB verksamhet från att har brutit torv till att tillverka kablar. Denna verksamhet genererade en del spillkabel och i denna fanns den värdefulla metallen koppar. På Nexans IKO Swedens område brändes spillkablar för att komma åt kopparen. Detta skedde mellan åren 1947 och 1967. Då kabeln innehöll PVC bildades vid förbränningen dioxiner och furaner. P.g.a. denna hantering behövde området saneras. MK Bygg AB:s uppdrag har huvudsakligen bestått av att schakta bort jordmassor från det kontaminerade området. De massor som har varit mindre kontaminerade har fraktats till Nexans angränsande egendeponi. Syftet med denna rapport har varit att hjälpa MK Bygg AB med delar av kontrollen och utvärderingen av saneringsarbetet. Underlag har tagits fram för godkännande av länsstyrelsen. Detta underlag har sedan använts för att upprätta egenkontrollplanen. Egenkontrollen omfattar huvudsakligen kontroller av schaktning, jord och spridningsförhindring. Den viktigaste delen av egenkontrollen har varit har förhindra spridning av kontaminerat material vid saneringsarbetet. Utifrån de undersökningar och bestämmelser som var framtagna av Envipro Miljöteknik och DGE mark och miljö AB har saneringsarbetet utförts på ett noggrant sätt. Eftersom ett flertal industrier tidigare inte har tagit hand om avfall på ett lämpligt sätt så kommer saneringsarbeten att behöva utföras under de närmaste åren. Vi tror att det i framtiden kommer att ställas hårdare krav på sanering av kontaminerade områden. Detta är något som vi anser kommer att bidra till större möjligheter att utnyttja markområden och framförallt till en bättre miljö.

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  • 144.
    Abrahamsson, Sandra
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Sjöstrand, Frida
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Barnets behov sätts i centrum: pedagogers reflektioner om konflikthantering i samlingssituationen.2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Inledning

    Varje dag sker konflikter i förskolan och som en del i vårt uppdrag beskrivs det att förskolan ska stötta barnen till att utveckla sin förmåga att kunna fungera enskilt och i grupp, hantera konflikter och att ta ansvar för att det finns gemensamma regler i förskolan. Vi har valt att i denna studie lägga vårt fokus på pedagogers reflektioner kring konflikthantering i samlingssituationen.

    Syfte

    Vårt syfte är att ta reda på hur pedagoger reflekterar kring sitt arbete med konflikthantering i samlingssituationen.

    Metod

    Vi har valt att använda oss utav intervju som metod för att få svar på vårt syfte och frågeställningar. Totalt har vi genomfört tio intervjuer med både barnskötare och förskollärare på två förskolor.

    Resultat

    Vårt resultat visade att de flesta konfliktsituationerna som uppstår är då barnen inte sitter still och inte lyssnar i samlingen. Pedagogerna gav exempel på flera strategier de använder sig utav för att förebygga konflikter i samlingen, exempelvis bestämda sittplatser, variation i samlingen och de poängterade vikten av rutiner för barnen. När barnen vet vad de ska göra blir det också en lugnare situation. Majoriteten av pedagogerna berättade att de gav barnen tillsägelser när de inte satt still eller gjorde något som störde samlingen och ett par pedagoger uttrycker bristen på tid. Det vill säga att de hade önskat att de kunde diskuterat mer medbarnet om vad som hände när det uppstår konflikt.

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  • 145. Abtahi, F.
    et al.
    Gyllesten, I. C.
    Lindecrantz, Kaj
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Seoane, Fernando
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Software Tool for Analysis of Breathing Related Errors in Transthoracic Electrical Bioimpedance Spectroscopy Measurements2012Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 146. Abtahi, F
    et al.
    Seoane, F
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Lindecrantz, K
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Electrical bioimpedance spectroscopy in time-variant systems: Is undersampling always a problem?2014In: Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance, E-ISSN 1891-5469, Vol. 5, no 1, p. 28-33Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    During the last decades, Electrical Bioimpedance Spectroscopy (EBIS) has been applied mainly by using the frequency-sweep technique, across a range of many different applications. Traditionally, the tissue under study is considered to be time-invariant and dynamic changes of tissue activity are ignored by treating the changes as a noise source. A new trend in EBIS is simultaneous electrical stimulation with several frequencies, through the application of a multi-sine, rectangular or other waveform. This method can provide measurements fast enough to sample dynamic changes of different tissues, such as cardiac muscle. This high sampling rate comes at a price of reduction in SNR and the increase in complexity of devices. Although the frequency-sweep technique is often inadequate for monitoring the dynamic changes in a variant system, it can be used successfully in applications focused on the time-invariant or slowly-variant part of a system. However, in order to successfully use frequency-sweep EBIS for monitoring time-variant systems, it is paramount to consider the effects of aliasing and especially the folding of higher frequencies, on the desired frequency e.g. DC level. This paper discusses sub-Nyquist sampling of thoracic EBIS measurements and its application in the case of monitoring pulmonary oedema. It is concluded that by considering aliasing, and with proper implementation of smoothing filters, as well as by using random sampling, frequency-sweep EBIS can be used for assessing time-invariant or slowly-variant properties of time-variant biological systems, even in the presence of aliasing. In general, undersampling is not always a problem, but does always require proper consideration.

  • 147.
    Abtahi, Farhad
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Anund, Anna
    Fors, Carina
    Seoane, Fernando
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business. University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare. Karolinska Institutet.
    Lindecrantz, Kaj
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business. Karolinska Institutet.
    Association of Drivers’ sleepiness with heart rate variability. A Pilot Study with Drivers on Real Road2017Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 148. Abtahi, Farhad
    et al.
    Aslamy, Benjamin
    Boujabir, I
    Seoane, Fernando
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Lindecrantz, Kaj
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    An Affordable ECG and Respiration Monitoring System Based on Raspberry PI and ADAS1000: First Step towards Homecare Applications2014In: 16th Nordic-Baltic Conference on Biomedical Engineering / [ed] Mindedal H., Persson M., Springer International Publishing , 2014, p. 5-8Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Homecare is a potential solution for problems associated with an aging population. This may involve several physiological measurements, and hence a flexible but affordable measurement device is needed. In this work, we have designed an ADAS1000-based four-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and respiration monitoring system. It has been implemented using Raspberry PI as a platform for homecare applications. ADuM chips based on iCoupler technology have been used to achieve electrical isolation as required by IEC 60601 and IEC 60950 for patient safety. The result proved the potential of Raspberry PI for the design of a compact, affordable, and medically safe measurement device. Further work involves developing a more flexible software for collecting measurements from different devices (measuring, e.g., blood pressure, weight, impedance spectroscopy, blood glucose) through Bluetooth or user input and integrating them into a cloud-based homecare system.

  • 149.
    Abtahi, Farhad
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Berndtsson, A
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Abtahi, Shirin
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Seoane, Fernando
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Lindecrantz, Kaj
    KTH.
    Development and preliminary evaluation of an Android based heart rate variability biofeedback system2014Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The reduced Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is believed to be associated with several diseases such as congestive heart failure, diabetes and chronic kidney diseases (CKD). In these cases, HRV biofeedback may be a potential intervention method to increase HRV which in turn is beneficial to these patients. In this work, a real-time Android biofeedback application based on a Bluetooth enabled ECG and thoracic electrical bioimpedance (respiration) measurement device has been developed. The system performance and usability have been evaluated in a brief study with eight healthy volunteers. The result demonstrates real-time performance of system and positive effects of biofeedback training session by increased HRV and reduced heart rate. Further development of the application and training protocol is ongoing to investigate duration of training session to find an optimum length and interval of biofeedback sessions to use in potential interventions.

  • 150.
    Abtahi, Farhad
    et al.
    KTH-School of Technology and Health.
    Ji, Guangchao
    KTH-School of Technology and Health.
    Lu, Ke
    KTH-School of Technology and Health.
    Rödby, Kristian
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Björlin, Anders
    Kiwok AB.
    Östlund, Anders
    Kiwok AB.
    Seoane, Fernando
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare. KTH-School of Technology and Health.
    Lindecrantz, Kaj
    KTH-School of Technology and Health.
    Textile-Electronic Integration in Wearable Measurement Garments for Pervasive Healthcare Monitoring2015Conference paper (Other academic)
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