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  • 1.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    En rimlig samvetsklausul2016In: Tidskrift för politisk filosofi, ISSN 1402-2710, E-ISSN 2002-3383, Tidskrift för politisk filosofi, ISSN 2002-3383Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 2.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Mixing Interest and Control?: Assessing Peter Vallentyne’s Hybrid Theory of Rights2015In: Philosophia, ISSN 0048-3893, E-ISSN 1574-9274, Vol. 43, no 4, p. 933-949Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The relationship between libertarianism and state is a contested one. Despite pressing full and strict ownership of one’s person and any justly acquired goods, many libertarians have suggested ways in which a state, albeit limited, can be regarded as just. Peter Vallentyne has proposed that all plausible versions of libertarianism are compatible with what he calls ‘private-law states’. His proposal is underpinned by a particular conception of rights, which brings Interest Theory of rights and Will Theory of rights together. If convincing, Vallentyne’s theory of rights enables libertarians to accommodate a limited but nevertheless coercive state that can act without the full consent of the affected citizen. In this paper, it is argued that Vallentyne’s hybrid theory of rights is implausible from a libertarian perspective as well as fails to align itself with common and deeply held moral intuitions. Hence the conflict between mainstream libertarianism and the state is not solved by Vallentyne’s proposal.

  • 3. Allwood, Carl Martin
    et al.
    Erikson, Martin G.
    University of Borås, School of Education and Behavioural Science.
    Grundläggande vetenskapsteori för psykologi och andra beteendevetenskaper2010Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Grundläggande lärobok om vetenskapsteori, med fokus på psykologi och andra beteendevetenskaper.

  • 4. Björk Brämberg, Elisabeth
    et al.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Communication through in-person interpreters: a qualitative study of home care providers' and social workers' views2013In: Journal of Clinical Nursing, ISSN 0962-1067, E-ISSN 1365-2702, Vol. 22, no 1-2, p. 159-167Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To describe the experiences of home care providers and social workers in communication, via in-person interpreters, with patients who do not share a common language, and to offer suggestions for practice based on this description. BACKGROUND: The use of interpreters is essential for successful communication to provide equal access to health care for patients not sharing a common language with care providers. Successful bilingual communication is probably even more complex within the home care services with its focus on medical treatment, care and daily support in relation to the more exclusive focus on medical treatment within hospital care. DESIGN: An explorative, qualitative, descriptive study. METHODS: Data were collected in seven focus group interviews. A total of 27 persons, working as registered nurses, assistant nurses and social workers in municipal home care, participated. The analysis was inspired by inductive content analysis. RESULTS: The results express a traditional view on interpretation where the in-person interpreter is supposed to act to a greater or lesser extent as an objective and neutral conduit or communicator of what is said. The interpreter is also expected to observe when medical terms and other concepts need to be explained, which thus exceeds the basic role as a communicator of what was said. CONCLUSIONS: This study emphasises the need to view the interpreter as an active and explicit party in a three-way communication. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Viewing the interpreter as an active and explicit party in a three-way communication and as an essential part of the care team might reduce the possible threat to patient confidentiality, and could contribute to solve the problem of interpreting the patient's non-verbal signs.

  • 5. Björk Brämberg, Elisabeth
    et al.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Suggestions for strategies when communicating via in-person interpreters: A qualitative study on communication within home care services in Sweden.2014In: Clinical Nursing Studies, ISSN 2324-7940, E-ISSN 2324-7959, Vol. 2, no 3, p. 34-44Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to explore and suggest strategies for communicating via in-person interpreters, based on experiences of professional home care providers (i.e. nurses and nurse assistants) and social workers. Home care services with its multifaceted emphasis on physical, psychological, social aspects of care and focus on quality of life for the patients presents a challenge for successful interpreted communication as the communication have to cover a wide variety of topics. Previous studies have shown that non-medical issues tend to be less communicated about when using interpreters. The study has an interpretative design, and data were collected in seven focus groups interviews with registered nurses, assistant nurses and social workers in home care services. Data were analysed by means of inductive content analysis. The results reveal suggestions for strategies: making preparations for structure and transparency, creating a flowing conversation on multifaceted topics, forming an understanding of the patient’s voice and limiting the information content. This study concludes that the home care providers and social workers need to be prepared for communication via an interpreter about complex phenomena, that communicating information via an interpreter requires preparation prior to the meeting, as well as being an active part in the conversation. Infrequent use of professional interpreters could threaten the possibilities for care providers and social workers to communicate with linguistic diverse patients in an optimal way.

  • 6.
    Bremer, Anders
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Etiska aspekter vid HLR2012Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 7.
    Brorström, Björn
    et al.
    University of Borås, Central Administration.
    Sundeen, Johan
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Lindh, Maria
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Torhell, Catta
    University of Borås, Library and Learning Resources.
    Myrdal, Janken
    Calmfors, Lars
    Ruin, Hans
    Tholin, Jörgen
    Nolin, Jan
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Från Högskolan i Borås till Humboldt, volym 22011Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bildningsbegreppet har åter blivit föremål för livlig debatt. I denna rapport finns fem föreläsningar om ett bildningbegrepp för vår tid dokumenterade. Janken Myrdal skriver om de två kulturerna – humanvetenskap och naturvetenskap; Lars Calmfors diskuterar bildningsbegreppets plats i den nationalekonomiska disciplinen; Hans Ruin analyserar förhållandet mellan Wilhelm von Humboldts förståelse av översättandets problem och dennes bildningssyn; Jörgen Tholin redogör för hur Högskolan på Gotland ska bli Sveriges främsta lärosäte för modern bildning och avslutningsvis reflekterar Jan Nolin över vilka följder som övergången från tryckt till digital publicering kan få för vetenskapssamhället.

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  • 8. Carlsson, Per
    et al.
    Garpenby, Peter
    Nedlund, Ann-Charlotte
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Öppna prioriteringar i vård och omsorg: var står vi idag och hur ska vi komma vidare?2014Report (Other academic)
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  • 9. Carlsson, Per
    et al.
    Hoffman, Mikael
    Levin, Lars-Åke
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Wiss, Johanna
    Prioritering och finansiering av läkemedel för behandling av patienter med sällsynta sjukdomar2012Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Den pågående Läkemedels- och apoteksutredningen har i ett tilläggsdirektiv fått i uppdrag att analysera behovet av särskilda lösningar vid beslut om subventionering för särläkemedel. Ett särläkemedel är ett läkemedel som uppfyller vissa villkor och därmed omfattas av ett särskilda stimulansåtgärder innan godkännande av läkemedelsmyndighet samt möjlighet, men inte rätt, till ensamrätt på marknaden under 10 år. Till villkoren hör bl.a. att läkemedlet är avsett för att diagnostisera, förebygga eller behandla livshotande tillstånd eller tillstånd med kronisk funktionsnedsättning och som högst 5 av 10 000 personer i gemenskapen lider av vid ansökningstillfället.

  • 10. Christoforidou, Despina
    et al.
    Olander, Elin
    Svengren Holm, Lisbeth
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Textiles.
    Warell, Anders
    Good Taste vs Good Design: A tug of war in the light of Bling2012In: The Design Journal, ISSN 1460-6925, E-ISSN 1756-3062, Vol. 15, no 2, p. 185-202Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Some products are considered ‘bad taste’ and therefore of less value. However, if we focus on what a product does with and for its users, rather than on what a product is, we can disregard superficial statements based on taste and instead get a better understanding of good design. This reasoning is based on the relationship between ‘good taste’ and ‘good design’, terms which are sometimes confused and treated as synonyms. In this article, we explore the tension between ‘good taste’ and ‘good design’ and how designers can use that tension in the design process. We consider ‘good taste’ to be rooted in a subjective context of inherent values, whereas ‘good design’ arises from competence and is based on professional skill. In this paper, ‘bad taste’ is exemplified by products associated with the lifestyles of rap artists and the subculture of bling. Our experience is that bling products often generate strong feelings and opinions and are dismissed by many as ‘bad taste’ because their appearance is incompatible with what is perceived to be ‘good design’. In the context of a course on trends, industrial design students were given the task of exploring how bling products are perceived in everyday life. Their views on bling were compatible with how bling is presented in the media. The students perceived bling products to be far from what is regarded as ‘good taste’ within their own culture. Consequently, they were unable to regard bling as a source of inspiration in their design work. However, when the students began to consider what the product does rather than what it is, they were able to use bling as a source of creativity. What other design opportunities are overlooked by regarding products as being in ‘bad taste’?

  • 11.
    Darányi, Sándor
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    First- and second-order change as symmetry and symmetry breaking in folklore text content evolution: From Heraclitus to Lévi-Strauss2007Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We distinguish between first- and second order change and identify the former with perpetual alternation on an existential plane, the second with moving out into existential space. The first type can be demonstrated by two antagonistic processes inherent in a Markov chain of two pairs of complementary values: the chain gradually alternates between the opposite terminal states and the pattern is symmetrical. Such an existential plane catches an essential feature of Heraclitus’ philosophy, and can be illustrated by examples from classical Greek mythology. The same material also exemplifies Lévi-Strauss’ formula of myth, symmetrical in its weak and asymmetrical in 2 its canonical form. Since the weak form equals the orbit of a Klein group, we hypothesize that the canonical form, and thereby symmetry breaking, can be generated by element exchange between two respective Klein groups. The framework for such processes is text variation in folklore, described by ethnosemiotics.

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  • 12.
    Dellve, Lotta
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Crafting servant management practices, despite governance control, to support professionals work engagement during developments of health care2015Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 13.
    Erikson, Martin G
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Johannison, Jenny
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Bladh, Agneta
    Vetenskapsrådet.
    Eriksson-Zetterquist, Ulla
    Göteborgs Universitet, Handelshögskolan, GRI.
    Hilliges, Marita
    SUHF.
    Olausson, Lennart
    Malmö Högskola.
    Paulsen, Roland
    Lunds Universitet.
    Scheja, Max
    Stockholms Universitet.
    Knutson Wedel, Maria
    Chalmers Tekniska Högskola.
    Alvesson, Mats
    Lunds Universitet.
    Johannison, Jenny (Editor)
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Brorström, Björn (Author of introduction, etc.)
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Från Högskolan i Borås till Humboldt, volym 42018Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna rapport består av åtta kapitel baserade på en seminarieserie om akademiskt ansvar, som arrangerades av Högskolan i Borås under 2015 och 2016. Seminarierna utgjorde den fjärde omgången av de så kallade Humboldtseminarierna, som högskolan arrangerat i olika omgångar sedan 2010. Vid Humboldtseminarierna har aktuella frågor kring akademins möjligheter och utmaningar belysts utifrån olika teman, inte minst kopplat till samhällets förväntningar på forskning och högre utbildning. I det perspektivet blev akademiskt ansvar ett naturligt tema för den fjärde och avslutande omgången av Humboldtseminarierna. Just kopplingen till samhällsnytta är också en röd tråd igenom rapporten. Författarna skriver utifrån skilda erfarenheter som forskare, lärare och akademiska ledare – inte minst är rektorsperspektivet väl företrätt. Ett annat återkommande ämne är kopplingen mellan akademiskt ansvar och akademisk frihet, där ansvaret inte minst bidrar till att legitimera friheten. Kollegialitet är en viktig fråga för flera av författarna, både som princip för kvalitetsstyrning och som beslutsform. Sammantaget visar de olika bidragen att akademiskt ansvar berör många frågor av stor relevans för forskare, lärare, ledare och studenter, men också för intressenter utanför akademin. Där har författarnas bidrag goda möjligheter att ge nya insikter och inspirera till fortsatta diskussioner inom många olika områden.

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  • 14.
    Erikson, Martin G
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Education and Behavioural Science.
    Johannisson, Jenny
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Nolin, Jan
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Sundeen, Johan
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Svengren Holm, Lisbeth
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Textiles.
    Från Högskolan i Borås till Humboldt, volym 32013Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna rapport är den tredje i ordningen som har sin upprinnelse i Humboldtuniversitetets 200-årsjubileum och i ambitionen att föra en kvalificerad diskussion om vilka roller som högskolor och universitet spelar idag. Rapporten ägnar särskild uppmärksamhet åt fenomenet tvärvetenskap och de utmaningar som en sådan ansats innebär, men den för också upp grundläggande principfrågor om akademiska friheter och värden till diskussion.

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  • 15.
    Eriksson, D.
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Hilletoft, P.
    Hilmola, O.-P
    Linking moral disengagement to supply chain practices2013In: World Review of Intermodal Transportation Research (WRITR), ISSN 1749-4729, E-ISSN 1749-4737, Vol. 4, no 2/3, p. 207-225Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this paper is to identify if and how supply chain practices are linked to moral disengagement techniques and thus might cause moral decoupling (MD). The research uses a literature review and multiple case study approach to investigate this issue. The literature review links moral disengagement to supply chain practices, while the case study observes the existence of the practices, and in what supply chain configurations those practices might arise. Identified configurations that might cause MD are suppliers and external partners responsible for upstream activities, division of tasks, aggregation of materials, auction-like settings, long supply chains, production in low-cost countries, production where people are not considered as equals, and configurations made to reduce costs.

  • 16.
    Eriksson, David
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Lessons on knowledge creation in supply chain management2015In: European Business Review, ISSN 0955-534X, E-ISSN 1758-7107, Vol. 27, no 4, p. 346-368Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose - The purpose of this study is to convey lessons learned from a long-term research project and present a coherent approach for researching relevant areas, ranging from ontology to quality.

    Design/methodology/approach - A PhD process is used as a case to present conceptual ideas on performing research in logistics/supply chain management (SCM).

    Findings - The research integrates different views on knowledge and the world and how to perform research in logistics/SCM. Models explaining micro and macro abduction, and the relationship between research, the context and researcher subjectivity are suggested.

    Research limitations/implications - Knowledge on why and how critical realism can be used in logistics/SCM research is advanced. Abduction is presented as a micro/macro process, which should not have any specific "finish line", and is supported with both ontological and epistemological arguments.

    Practical implications - Research in logistics/SCM can be improved by connecting different aspects of viewing and creating knowledge. Reflecting on how exactly a publication is related to a project, researchers can better describe how they contribute to knowledge creation, and also understand the relationship between micro and macro abduction.

    Originality/value - Through presenting an approach to knowledge creation in the context of a PhD thesis, this research distinguishes itself in a field with a growing need to define its own views of the world and of knowledge. The paper advances current understanding of knowledge creation in logistics/SCM, expanding on earlier models and presenting a broader view of the research process and the associated dilemmas. The paper also contains novel considerations of the differences between publication types and how these affect the presentation of the research.

  • 17. Gustafsson, Erik
    et al.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Health-care needs and shared decision-making in priority-setting2015In: Medicine, Health care and Philosophy, ISSN 1386-7423, E-ISSN 1572-8633, Vol. 18, no 1, p. 13-22Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we explore the relation between health-care needs and patients' desires within shared decision-making (SDM) in a context of priority setting in health care. We begin by outlining some general characteristics of the concept of health-care need as well as the notions of SDM and desire. Secondly we will discuss how to distinguish between needs and desires for health care. Thirdly we present three cases which all aim to bring out and discuss a number of queries which seem to arise due to the double focus on a patient's need and what that patient desires. These queries regard the following themes: the objectivity and moral force of needs, the prediction about what kind of patients which will appear on a micro level, implications for ranking in priority setting, difficulties regarding assessing and comparing benefits, and implications for evidence-based medicine.

  • 18.
    Höglund, Lars
    et al.
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Persson, Bengt
    University of Borås, School of Education and Behavioural Science.
    Nyström, Maria
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Forsgren, Olov
    University of Borås, School of Business and IT.
    Sarv, Hans
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Hallnäs, Lars
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Textiles.
    Torhell, Catta
    University of Borås, Library and Learning Resources.
    Brorström, Björn
    Sundeen, Johan
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Lindh, Maria
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Benner, Mats
    Liedman, Sven-Eric
    Sahlin, Kerstin
    Från Högskolan i Borås till Humboldt, volym 12010Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Under våren 2010 genomfördes en serie om fyra seminarier med namnet ”Från Högskolan i Borås till Humboldt: Perspektiv på universitetsidén under 200 år”. Det primära syftet var att diskutera den svenska högskolans roller i en tid präglad av stora förväntningar och motsägelsefulla krav på akademin. Denna rapport utgör en dokumentation av seminarieseriens innehåll. Professor Sven-Eric Liedman skriver med samtidskritisk udd om universitetens historia; professor Mats Benner beskriver och analyserar fyra historiska idealtyper av universitet samt belyser det förändringstryck som högskolesektorn verkar under; professor Kerstin Sahlin riktar intresset mot hur universitet skiljer sig från andra organisationer och ger sin bild av hur detta faktum bör återspegla sig i besluts- och ledningsstrukturer. Seminarieserien och rapporten är ett led i Högskolan i Borås kontinuerligt pågående självreflektion och arbete med frågor som rör professionslärosätets identitet och profil. I rapportens senare del presenteras sex korta reflektioner om och/eller seminarieseriens teman utifrån Högskolan i Borås horisont. Reflektionerna är skrivna av professorer från alla högskolans sex institutioner.

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  • 19.
    Jensen, Mikael
    University of Borås, School of Education and Behavioural Science.
    Kognitionsvetenskap2012Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 20.
    Lindberg, Elisabeth
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Kommentar till föreläsning av Dan Stiwne2014Conference paper (Other academic)
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  • 21.
    Magnusson, Lennart
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Rosén, KG
    University of Borås, School of Engineering.
    Hanson, Elisabeth
    Extended safety and support systems for people with dementia living at home.2014In: Journal of Assistive Technologies, ISSN 1754-9450, E-ISSN 2042-8723, Vol. 8, no 4, p. 188-206Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the complexity surrounding the implementation of advanced electronic tracking, communication and emergency response technologies, namely, an extended safety and support (ESS) system for people with dementia (pwd) living at home. Results are presented from a Swedish demonstration study (2011-2012) conducted in 24 municipalities. Design/methodology/approach – It is a descriptive intervention study with a pre-post test design. Questionnaires were administered to pwd, carers and professionals at the outset and eight months later. ESS logging data were analyzed. Findings – ESS usage rates varied widely. A total of 650 alerts were triggered, mainly when the pwd was outdoors. Activities were reduced amongst pwd, most likely due to a progression of their disease. Carers noted that pwd were more independent than previously on those occasions when they engaged in outdoor activities. Staff considered that nearly half of pwd could remain living at home due to the ESS, compared with a third amongst carers. In total, 50 per cent of carers felt it was justified to equip their relative with an ESS without their explicit consent, compared to one in eight staff. Research limitations/implications – A limitation is the amount of missing data and high drop- out rates. Researchers should recruit pwd earlier in their illness trajectory. A mixed-methods approach to data collection is advisable. Practical implications – Carers played a crucial role in the adoption of ESS. Staff training/supervision about assistive devices and services is recommended. Social implications – Overall, use of ESS for pwd living at home was not an ethical problem. Originality/value – The study included key stakeholder groups and a detailed ethical analysis was conducted.

  • 22.
    Nelhans, Gustaf
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Qualitative Scientometrics?2014Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    When scientometricians are asked about the relationship between citations and quality, they often argue along the lines that citations could be seen as indicators of use and that that this implies usefulness and impact on other research, which in turn is an argument for using them as indicators of quality. This paper questions the implicit linearity of such a ‘one-dimensional model’ of representing quality by quantity from a number of standpoints. First, the use of citations as well as any indicator that is used is performative in the sense that those getting measured by them, i.e. researchers or university administrators, will adapt their behavior to perform well on the scales that are used, either for recognition or for monetary reward. Second, equating citation counts with quality might imply a notion that they scale together such that low citation rates equals low quality and that a high rate implies high quality. Third, and most important, drawing from theories in STS it could be argued that scientometric indicators and measures of scientific achievement are co-produced, in the sense that development of performance based or results based indicators and what is to be regarded as high quality will be found to increasingly coincide with each other as a consequence of the performative idiom mentioned above. It is suggested that more work on the qualitative aspects of scientometric data and is called for.

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  • 23.
    Nolin, Jan
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Boundaries of research disciplines are paper constructs: digital web-based information as a challenge to disciplinary research2011In: First Monday, E-ISSN 1396-0466, Vol. 16, no 11Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Modern disciplinary research is partly constructed, and limited, by the medium of paper. It is possible to bypass the restraints imposed by paper in modern Web publication. Still, the research sector keeps publishing as if the qualities of hard copy should be forced on the Web. This article discusses the role of paper in the construction of the boundaries of disciplines and the challenges from digital Web–based publication.

  • 24.
    Orlenius, Kennert
    University of Borås, School of Education and Behavioural Science.
    Gårdagens elever utbildar morgondagens vuxna2004In: Etik i princip och praktik. En antologi om yrkesetik, Lärarförbundet & Lärarnas Riksförbund , 2004, p. 17-25Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 25.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Analys av SU / HSN prioriteringsarbete2010Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Analysen av SU / HSNs prioriteringsarbete utgår från den modell för ransoneringar som presenteras i Sandman och Tinghög (kommande). Modellen går i korthet ut på att först karakterisera behovet och effekten av åtgärden med hänsyn till de ramar som ges av människovärdesprincipen. Därefter avgöra om effekten av åtgärden saknar eller har negativ effekt samt om behovet befinner sig inom ramen för acceptabel livskvalitet vilket innebär att man kan ransonera. Därefter bedöma och rangordna efter behovsgrad, bedöma och justera rangordningen efter nyttan av åtgärden, samt slutligen justera rangordningen efter den kostnadseffektivitet som åtgärden uppvisar. Vid bedömningen av behovet och nyttan får inte hänsyn tas till kronologisk ålder, kön, social och ekonomisk ställning, samt huruvida behovet är självförvållat eller ett resultat av tidigare livsstil. Däremot är det tillåtet att väga in framtida livsstil och biologisk ålder, eftersom detta påverkar individens möjligheter att tillgodogöra sig åtgärden ifråga (och därmed den individuella nyttan av åtgärden). Efter rangordning sker ransonering i följande ordning: i första hand litet behov, i andra hand liten effekt, i tredje hand låg kostnadseffektivitet.

  • 26.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Att prioritera mellan olika värden: En modell för avvägningar mellan patientintegritet, patientsäkerhet och andra etiska värden inom hälso- och sjukvården2013Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna rapport är resultatet av ett uppdrag från Utredningen om rätt information i vård och omsorg. En av de frågor som utredningen haft att ta ställning till handlar om hur avvägningen mellan patientens integritet å ena sidan och patientsäkerhet (samt andra värden som står på spel) å andra sidan ska ske. I rapporten presenteras en strukturerad modell för vilka frågeställningar en sådan avvägning måste ta hänsyn till, för att kunna identifiera behov av förändrad lagstiftning eller praxis. Detta utifrån den existerande patientdatalagstiftningen. Modellen är även tänkt att kunna fungera när avvägningsproblem uppkommer hos vårdgivare, för att ge vägledning för vilket utrymme patientdatalagstiftningen ger för andra centrala etiska värden inom hälso- och sjukvården.

  • 27.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Developing a context-specific ethics framework for HTA2014Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 28.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Etik inom missbruks- och beroendevård2012In: Handbok i missbrukspsykologi : teori och tillämpning / [ed] Claudia Fahlke, Sven-Eric Alborn, Liber, Stockholm , 2012, p. 492-510Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 29.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    How to avoid a paternalistic value theory within Occupational Therapy2012Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 30.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Shared decision-making and priority setting: a conflicting marriage2012Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 31.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Should different checklist be used for different health technologies (screening vs. intervention vs. diagnostic technologies, pharmaceuticals vs. non-pharmaceuticals, etc.)?2013Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Sandman, Lars
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Tvärvetenskap, vårdvetenskap och etik2013Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna text baseras på ett kortare seminarieinlägg på temat tvärvetenskap och ska ses som en uppsättning personliga reflektioner kring detta tema (med viss teoretisk förankring) utifrån min erfarenhet av att ha verkat i två mycket olika akademiska miljöer – den vårdvetenskapliga som jag verkar i nu och den filosofisk-etiska där jag har min utbildningsbakgrund. Två miljöer där man förefaller förhålla sig olika till frågan om tvärvetenskap när det gäller det egna ämnesområdet. Samtidigt har jag som vårdetiker nästan genomgående i min akademiska karriär verkat inom ramen för tvärvetenskapliga projekt och oftast varit tvungen att i min egen forskning förhålla mig till andra ämnesområden – framför allt vårdvetenskap och medicin.

  • 33.
    Sandman, Lars
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Broqvist, Mari
    Gustafsson, Erik
    Arvidsson, Eva
    Ekerstad, Niklas
    Carlsson, Per
    Vård som inte kan anstå: Tolkning i relation till den etiska plattformen och nationella modellen för prioriteringar.2014Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Uppdraget från Socialstyrelsen består av tre sammanhängande delar. I den första delen presenteras olika tolkningar av begreppet vård som inte kan anstå utifrån en analys av hur begreppet används i den aktuella propositionen och lagtexten. Dessa tolkningar specificeras i ett antal kriterier. I den andra delen analyseras dessa tolkningar utifrån den etiska plattformen. Den tredje delen syftar till att analysera hur begreppet vård som inte kan anstå förhåller sig till den nationella modellen för öppna prioriteringar inom hälso- och sjukvård och diskutera om denna kan användas för att ge stöd vid prioritering och ransonering. Den teoretiska analysen kompletteras med några exempel på praktiska beslutssituationer avseende vård av papperslösa hämtade från kliniskt verksamma personer.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 34.
    Sandman, Lars
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Granger, Bradi
    Ekman, Inger
    Munthe, Christian
    Adherence, shared decision-making and patient autonomy2012In: Medicine, Health care and Philosophy, ISSN 1386-7423, E-ISSN 1572-8633, Vol. 15, no 2, p. 115-127Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In recent years the formerly quite strong interest in patient compliance has been questioned for being too paternalistic and oriented towards overly narrow biomedical goals as the basis for treatment recommendations. In line with this there has been a shift towards using the notion of adherence to signal an increased weight for patients’ preferences and autonomy in decision making around treatments. This ‘adherence-paradigm’ thus encompasses shared decision-making as an ideal and patient perspective and autonomy as guiding goals of care. What this implies in terms of the importance that we have reason to attach to (non-)adherence and how has, however, not been explained. In this article, we explore the relationship between different forms of shared decision-making, patient autonomy and adherence. Distinguishing between dynamically and statically framed adherence we show how the version of shared decision-making advocated will have consequences for whether one should be interested in a dynamically or statically framed adherence and in what way patient adherence should be assessed. In contrast to the former compliance paradigm (where non-compliance was necessarily seen as a problem), using observations about (non-)adherence to assess the success of health care decision making and professional-patient interaction turns out to be a much less straightforward matter.

  • 35.
    Sandman, Lars
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Heintz, Emelie
    Assessment vs. appraisal of ethical aspects of health technology assessment: can the distinction be upheld?2014In: GMS Health Technology Assessment, ISSN 1861-8863, E-ISSN 1861-8863, Vol. 10Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An essential component of health technology assessment (HTA) is the assessment of ethical aspects. In some healthcare contexts, tasks are strictly relegated to different expert groups: the HTA-agencies are limited to assessment of the technology and other actors within the health care sector are responsible for appraisal and recommendations. Ethical aspects of health technologies are considered with reference to values or norms in such a way that may be prescriptive, or offer guidance as to how to act or relate to the issue in question. Given this internal prescriptivity, the distinction between assessment and appraisal seems difficult to uphold, unless the scrutiny stops short of a full ethical analysis of the technology. In the present article we analyse the distinction between assessment and appraisal, using as an example ethical aspects of implementation of GPS-bracelets for people with dementia. It is concluded that for HTA-agencies with a strictly delineated assessment role, the question of how to deal with the internal prescriptivity of ethics may be confusing. A full ethical analysis might result in a definite conclusion as to whether the technology in question is ethically acceptable or not, thereby limiting choices for decision-makers, who are required to uphold certain ethical values and norms. At the same time, depending on the exact nature of such a conclusion, different action strategies can be supported. A positive appraisal within HTA could result in a decision on mandatory implementation, or funding of the technology, thereby making it available to patients, or decisions to allow and even encourage the use of the technology (even if someone else will have to fund it). A neutral appraisal, giving no definite answer as to whether implementation is recommended or not, could result in a laissez-faire attitude towards the technology. A negative appraisal could result in a decision to discourage or even prohibit implementation. This paper presents an overview of the implications of different outcomes of the ethical analysis on appraisal of the technology. It is considered important to uphold the distinction between assessment and appraisal, primarily to avoid the influence of preconceived values and political interests on the assessment. Hence, as long as it is not based on the subjective value judgments of the HTA-agency (or its representative), such an appraising conclusion would not seem to conflict with the rationale for the separation of these tasks. Moreover, it should be noted that if HTA agencies abstain from including full ethical analyses because of the risk of issuing an appraisal, they may fail to provide the best possible basis for decision-makers. Hence, we argue that as long as the ethical analysis and its conclusions are presented transparently, disclosing how well-founded the conclusions are and/or whether there are alternative conclusions, the HTA-agencies should not avoid taking the ethical analysis as close as possible to a definite conclusion.

  • 36.
    Sandman, Lars
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Heintz, Emelie
    Ethics checklists currently in use in HTA: how were they developed, what are the components of these checklists, and what has been the experience of those who use them?2013Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 37.
    Sandman, Lars
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Heintz, Emelie
    "Är du nyttig lille vän?": om produktionsopåverkan, konsumtionspåverkan och den svenska etiska plattformen för prioriteringar.2013In: Prioriteringar inom hälso- och sjukvården / [ed] Nils-Eric Sahling, Region Skånes etiska råd , 2013, p. 63-94Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 38.
    Sandman, Lars
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Heintz, Emelie
    Hultkrantz, Monica
    Jacobsson, Stella
    Lintamo, Laura
    Levi, Ragnar
    Munthe, Christian
    Tranaeus, Sofia
    Östlund, Pernilla
    Etiska aspekter på åtgärder inom hälso- och sjukvården. En vägledning för att identifiera relevanta etiska frågor.2014Report (Other academic)
    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 39.
    Sandman, Lars
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Health Science.
    Kjellström, Sofia
    Etikboken: Etik för vårdande yrken2013Book (Other academic)
1 - 39 of 39
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