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  • 1. Aagaard, Harriet
    Kvalitetssäkring: det digitala referenssamtalet2004Conference paper (Other academic)
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  • 2. Aagaard, Harriet
    et al.
    Andersson, Cajsa
    Karlsson, Linda
    Sjögren, Linnea
    Vad är kvalitet i virtuellt referensarbete? Paneldebatt. Sammanställning av de inledande presentationerna2005Conference paper (Other academic)
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  • 3.
    Aagesson, Jennie
    et al.
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Nordström, Annika
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Elev, lintott eller bara barn? Synen på barn i tre kulturpublikationer: en diskursanalys2008Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this Master's thesis is to examine and analyze what discourses about children that can be found in three Swedish culture publications, and also to identify the different social roles that are attributed to children in these publications. The theoretical and methodological background is discourse theory, as described by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. Additional theory used is social constructionism and Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse theory. Three questions are asked: What discourse/s can be found in these publications? What do these discourses tell us about the view on children within the library domain? What social roles are attributed to the children in the texts and what consequences do these have for the power configuration between children and adults? Furthermore there is a discussion concerning what effects these discourses might have on the direct and indirect reception of children in the library. 84 articles from three publications - Biblioteksbladet, DIK-forum and Barn & unga – are analyzed, and four discourses concerning children are identified: the discourse of the idyllic child, the discourse of the indigent child, the discourse of the resource receiving child and the discourse of the equal child. Four social roles are also identified: groups in exposed positions, babies and small children, gender and pupils. The analysis shows that the unequal balance of power between children and adults is maintained and reproduced within the discourses, and is very rarely challenged.

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  • 4.
    Aarnikoivu, Melina
    et al.
    University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
    Mahon, Kathleen
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Hoffman, David
    Finnish Institute for Educational Research, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
    Angervall, Petra
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Another higher education journal - Really?2019In: Journal of Praxis in Higher Education, E-ISSN 2003-3605, Vol. 1, no 1, p. 1-9Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 5.
    Aasa, Johanna
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Chindeh, Felicia
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Politiskt engagemang genom social media: en kvantitativ studie om ungas politiska intresse2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Politiken i Sverige har i stor utsträckning varit oförändrad i drygt 100 år men har de senaste decenniet fått en utmanare i form av de digitala plattformarna (social media såsom tex: Twitter, Instagram och Facebook). Kandidatuppsatsen syfte är att undersöka hur de politiska engagemanget genom social media och det politiska intresset bland unga 18–29 år ser ut idag, och om det finns ett samband mellan politiskt intresse och politiskt engagemang via sociala medier i nämnd åldersgrupp. Uppsatsen är en kvantitativ studie som baseras på sekundärdata från den nationella SOM-undersökningen 2019.

    Resultatet visar på ett politiskt intresse som är jämnt fördelat mellan personer som har intresse och inte har ett intresse, vilket eventuellt kan förklaras med den sociala kontext personen befinner sig i. De politiska engagemanget uppvisar att majoriteten, 80 procent har ett politiskt engagemang via sociala medier, och att av den majoriteten har hälften av personerna ett mindre politiskt engagemang genom de digitala plattformarna. Förklaringsvis beror det på omfattningen av deltagande i sociala medier, som leder till en aktiv eller passiv exponering för politik i olika former. Vidare kunde inte ett samband ses mellan de politiska intresset bland unga 18–29 år och politiskt engagemang genom sociala medier. Där avsaknaden troligtvis kan bero på ett samband att personerna inte är intresserad av politik eller en rädsla för att föra politiska debatter i de offentliga rummet.

  • 6. Aasmundsen, Wibeke
    et al.
    Flodman, Hjördis
    Bedömning av begåvningsmässigt funktionshinder i vuxen ålder: en studie av neuropsykologers metoder2012Report (Other academic)
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  • 7.
    Abargil, Melissa
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Gospic, Nicolina
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Carlsson, Ida
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Allting är bara tyg vi sätter på oss2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    With the growing interest in gender-neutral fashion, an increasing number of companies have included gender-neutral fashion collections in their ranges. Despite this progress, the fashion market still shows clear signs of being characterized by gender binarism and traditional gender norms. Against this background, the following study aims to investigate consumers' perceptions of gender-neutral fashion in marketing. The study uses a qualitative method with an inductive research approach. A total of nine semi-structured interviews were conducted where people belonging to Generation Z were selected to analyze gender-neutral advertising campaigns. When analyzing the empirical data, the study's purpose and questions were taken into account, as well as previous research and the theoretical framework consisting of Erving Goffman's theory of how gender is presented in advertising. The results of the study showed that gender-neutral fashion in marketing is not only about the garment itself but also the surrounding circumstances of the image. Consumers' perceptions of whether something is gender neutral or not are influenced by various factors. It appears that consumers mostly associate gender-neutral fashion with male style and that gender stereotypes still influence marketing in the fashion industry. The gender composition of models in advertising images is another factor that influences consumer perception. Furthermore, the results show that respondents describe gender-neutral fashion as both unique and at the same time boring, which creates a paradox. These findings are of practical relevance for fashion entrepreneurs who need to make strategic decisions in their marketing. The research paper is written in swedish. 

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  • 8.
    Abbas, Inam
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Flerspråkiga barn i förskolan: En kvalitativ studie angående hur pedagogerna tänker kring flerspråkighet och de arbetsmetoder2023Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Språk- och språkutveckling är en viktig del i förskolans arbete, i barns lärande och utveckling. Med tanke på att språk är en essentiell del av identitet, kommunikation och gemenskap är det viktigt för barn att kunna utveckla den färdigheten. Flerspråkighet är allt vanligare idag i förskoleverksamheter och det krävs att förskolepersonal visar engagemang och intresse för att synliggöra språket på många olika sätt. En av förskolepedagogernas viktigaste uppgifter är att genom olika arbetsmetoder kunna använda undervisningen till att stimulera och utveckla barns språk.

    Syftet med min undersökning är att ta reda på vilka tankar och arbetsmetoder pedagoger har för att stimulera och stödja flerspråkiga barns språkutveckling i förskolan.

    Metoden som används i denna studie är kvalitativ, baserad på sex intervjuer från tre olika förskolor. Diskussionen i resultatdelen sker utifrån syftet och frågeställningar.

    Resultatet som framkommit i studien är att pedagogerna tillämpar olika metoder och strategier för att stimulera språkutveckling. Samtliga anser att modersmålsundervisning kan användas för att stimulera inlärningen av det svenska språket. Det framgår också att pedagogerna har en viktig roll i förskolan där de behöver vara lyhörda, närvarande och tydliga i arbetet. De menar att konkret material och den lärmiljö som verksamheten erbjuder är avgörande för barns språkutveckling. Pedagogerna anser att de har ett ansvar att samarbeta med vårdnadshavare och kunna ha ett positivt bemötande gentemot flerspråkighet. De förutsättningar som erbjuds pedagogerna för att genomföra sitt arbete anser de är olika. Viktigt att lyfta fram är att de menar att den svenska förskolan inte kan garantera en likvärdig utbildning för alla runt om i landet.

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  • 9.
    Abbas, Maroa
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Nilsson, Sofie
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Utomhusundervisning relaterat till artkunskap: En kunskapsöversikt2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Kunskapsöversikten presenterar vad aktuell forskning har kommit fram till gällande utomhusundervisning i biologididaktik relaterat till artkunskap.Syftet med översikten är att synliggöra vad som kännetecknar forskningen. Vi har jämfört artiklar och sökt efter likheter och skillnader för att sedan kunna hitta mönster i resultaten i artiklarna. Urvalet av studierna baserades på artiklarnas innehåll, med utgångspunkt från inkluderande kriterier valde vi ut de artiklar som stämde överens med kriterierna.

    Med inspiration av SMART fick vi ett urval av forskning som bestod av sju artiklar. Sex av sju artiklar är skrivna i Europa. De valda artiklarna innehöll olika studier med elever, lärare, lärarstudenter och lärarutbildare ochresultatet av studierna tyder på att intresset för artkunskap har minskat under de senaste åren. Det framkom även brister i utomhusundervisningen på grund av olika faktorer som tidsbrist, resursbrist och klimat. Däremot har undervisningsmetoden Bottom up visat sig vara gynnsam för elevernas inlärning av arter. Genom metoden fick eleverna goda kunskaper som i sin tur bidrog till en bättre förståelse för arterna i naturen. Utifrån artiklarna har vi kommit fram till att elever behöver få möjlighet till att vistas utomhus, utforska och stimulera sina sinnen i undervisningen. Detta leder i sin tur till långsiktiga kunskaper och blir till en grund för fortsatt lärande.

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  • 10.
    Abbasi, Sahar
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Tracing the Visibility of Swedish LIS Research Articles by Using Altmetrics2018Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Scholarly impact and visibility have traditionally been assessed by estimating the number and quality of publications and citations in the scholarly literature. But now scholars are increasingly visible on the Web. Twitter, Mendeley and other social media platforms are quite well-known and interesting tools for sharing research articles among scholars. Based on the capabilities of altmetrics, this thesis analyses the altmetric coverage and impact of LIS articles published by Swedish universities during 2013 to 2017. It also tries to paint a picture of demographic of people engaged with these articles. The most common altmetric sources are considered using a sample of 170 LIS journal articles. The findings were interpreted using two different sociological theories: the normative theory of Merton´s norms and the theory of social constructivism. The result of the study showed that Mendeley has the highest coverage of journal articles (65 percent) followed by Twitter (33 percent) while very few of the publications are mentioned in blogs or on Facebook. Researchers were the main Mendeley readers of articles with 53 percent, followed by the general public at 26 percent. This study, on the other hand, found out that public users were the main group that shared articles on Twitter. The list of articles with a high number of tweets showed that most topics in the field of LIS are associated with bibliometrics and citation impacts. The results demonstrate that the adoption of altmetric methods within the LIS fields is inevitable, but several issues must be considered to identify their potential.

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  • 11.
    Abbes, Amina
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Education and Behavioural Science.
    Berg, Maria
    University of Borås, School of Education and Behavioural Science.
    Utvecklingssamtalet i förskolan: En studie om föräldrars erfarenheter och förväntningar2009Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor)Student thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    I förskolans utvecklingssamtal skall personal och föräldrar diskutera barnets utveckling och lärande, vad barnet gör, hur det trivs och hur barnet fungerar socialt (Skolverket 2005). Det finns inga mål barnet skall uppnå, som beskriver vad barnet skall kunna vid en viss tidpunkt. Det anses dock viktigt att följa barnets utveckling och lärande, men det är inte detsamma som att bedöma barnet utifrån fastställda kriterier och normer (Prop.2004/05:11). SYFTE: Vårt syfte med studien är att ta reda på vad föräldrar förväntar sig av utvecklingssamtal i förskolan, och vad de anser vara av betydelse i pedagogens roll under utvecklingssamtalet. METOD: Vi har valt att använda oss av self report som metod till vår studie. En self report är en skriven text av en person om ett fenomen som en forskare vill veta mer av. I vår studie är det föräldrar som skrivit ner berättelser utifrån frågeställningar om utvecklingssamtal i förskolan. RESULTAT: Resultatet visar att föräldrar vill veta hur barnet har det på förskolan. Föräldrarna vill framförallt veta hur barnet fungerar i gruppen, i det sociala samspelet. Något som framkommer är föräldrars funderingar på om barnet passar in i gruppen och har vänner att leka med. Ytterligare en förväntning på utvecklingssamtalet är hur barnet fungerar i de dagliga rutinerna. Föräldrarna vill ha information om barnet, de vill få ta del av sådant som fungerar bra och sådant som fungerar mindre bra

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  • 12.
    Abdalla, Fardowsa
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Ibrahim, Maryam
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Förskollärares perspektiv på språkutvecklande arbetssätt kring flerspråkighet2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Inledning

    I denna studie definierar vi flerspråkighet som en person som talar ett språk hemma och ett annat språk i förskolan. Studien fokuserar på förskollärares perspektiv på språkutvecklande arbetssätt med flerspråkiga barn i förskolan.

    Syfte

    Syftet med vårt examensarbete är att undersöka förskollärares perspektiv på språkutvecklande arbetssätt med flerspråkiga barn.

    Metod

    Vi valde kvalitativa intervjuer som metod och deltagarna var förskollärare som arbetar i mångkulturella förskolor i Sverige. Vi valde tre förskolor, två förskollärare i vardera förskola. Totalt har vi intervjuat sex förskollärare.

    Resultat

    Vår studie visar att förskollärarna har olika synsätt och metoder för att stödja flerspråkiga barns språkutveckling i förskolan. I analysen blir det synligt att förskollärarna använder sig av följande verktyg: pedagogiska redskap och aktiviteter, vardagssituationer och samverkan med vårdnadshavare. I analysen blir det också synligt hur förskollärarna i studien har ett positivt förhållningssätt till flerspråkighet och anser att kunskap om modersmålets betydelse för flerspråkiga barns språkutveckling är viktiga strategier i förskolan.

  • 13.
    Abdela, Abdela
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Ahmed, Jasmine
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Asci, Rumeysa
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Influencers trovärdighet: En kvalitativ studie om hur influencers storlek påverkar deras trovärdighet2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the number of followers affects an influencer's credibility using Ohanian's credibility model (1990). The study contributes to an understanding of how the size of influencers affects the followers' intake of information from influencers. To address the purpose of this study, the following question was analyzed: How does the size of influencers affect their credibility? A qualitative study has been conducted and empirical material has been collected to fulfill the purpose and answer the question of how the number of followers affects the credibility of influencers. To get an answer to the question, nine semi-structured individual interviews were conducted where the sample was women aged 18-24. The theoretical starting point in this study is Ohanian's credibility model (1990), where the focus is on credibility which consists of five different terms; honesty, trustworthiness, sincerity, credibility, and reliability. The study shows that the majority agree that smaller influencers are perceived as more credible. The result is mainly due to the fact that smaller influencers are considered to have higher levels of all five credibility terms. For followers to interpret influencers as credible sources, it is important to do parts that are part of Ohanian's credibility model (1990). This study shows that a factor that affects influencer credibility is the number of followers. 

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    VT2023KF23
  • 14.
    Abdukadir, Abdulle
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    Kjellqvist, Samuel
    University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare.
    En kvalitativ studie om lärares handlingsutrymme i en tid av mål- och resultatstyrning2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    During the last decades, the Swedish school system has gone through substantial changes which in turn has affected the teaching profession. New forms of governance have been implemented that are founded on the shoulders of New Public Management, where management by objectives and results has been incorporated into how the Swedish school is managed and controlled. The aim of the study has been to investigate how teachers view their professional freedom of action as well as which possibilities and limitations the management by objectives and results has given the teachers’ work situation. To investigate the issue, seven teachers have been interviewed. The teachers work at five different secondary schools in two municipalities situated in the west of Sweden. To collect the empiricism, a qualitative method has been used. The approach has been to conduct semi-structured interviews with the aid of a semi-structured interview guide. To analyse the empirical material theories based on professionalism, street-level bureaucracy and New Public Management have been used.

    The study indicates that management by objectives and results has affected the teaching profession. The respondents experience that they have a big freedom of action in judging students´ efforts but emphasize the difficulty of assessing regulations in the curriculum. The results also indicate that there is a wide acceptance amongst the respondents of evaluations and controls from external regulators. This consolidates the image of the teaching profession as a semi-profession amongst welfare professions.

  • 15.
    Abdulamir Hussein, Hanin
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Lågstadielärares syn på varierad matematikundervisning2018Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna undersökning, som genomförts bland F-3-lärare vilka är uttalat positiva till varierad undervisning i matematik, syftar till att förstå hur och på vilka grunder matematikundervisningen varieras. Studien bygger på en gruppintervju med fem utbildade lågstadielärare. Resultaten har sedan tolkats utifrån ett sociokulturellt teoretiskt ramverk. I studien framkommer det att lärarna använder matematikboken nästan konstant men det är inte den som styr undervisningen utan det är lärarna som styr läromedlet. De menar att genom att använda matematikboken som grund att luta sig på, både som trygghet för lärarna för att planera undervisningen men även för eleverna för att de ska kunna ha något att arbeta med och för att de ska känna av ägarskap av en matematikbok. Undervisningen i matematik varieras genom att ändra arbetsmaterial, miljö, arbetssätt och plats. Lärarna klargör att genom variation i matematikundervisningen förstår eleverna kopplingen mellan matematiken och vardagen. Genom variation kan undervisningen anpassas efter varje elevs kunskapsnivå. Genom variation ökar elevernas intresse och motivation till ämnet.

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    fulltext
  • 16.
    Abdul-Gabar, Diyar
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Aljovic, Kenan
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Den digitaliserade revisionsbranschen: En jämförande studie mellan the big four och företagskunder2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 240 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Digitization is a global phenomenon that has changed the everyday life, both workwise and privately. Digitization has become a central part in almost everything you do today. New effective methods to provide services have been created with the help of automatization, which has introduced the audit world to a transformation process. The work process has become more digital, which has led to a higher demand in expectations on the agencies.The purpose of this study is to describe and identify possible impacts that digitization might have on the auditing work practice and “the big four” competitiveness. The study will focus on two different perspectives, the agencies and the clients, where we will examine the general view on the digital services that are being offered and what pros or cons these services bring. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, every “big four” accounting firm and a couple of customers will be interviewed. After the interviews were completed, they were analyzed by applying relevant theories. The methodology of the study has a qualitative character with inductive character.The empirical findings of the study indicate that digitization has created a more effective work practice where you have more access to data. Digitization is necessary for the agencies if they want to maintain legitimacy and be able to compete with one another, because every customer has an expectation that the agencies will have developed digitized utilities to support their work process. Furthermore, the findings show that the human interaction has decreased because of digitization, since the work has become more independent with less requirements on communication.Finally, the study shows that all agencies are aware that digitization is the main force on their market and that huge investments are being made to follow the development and to compete for the customers.

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    VT2020CE16
  • 17.
    Abdullahi Ali, Liibaan
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Shaikh, Faizan
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    CSR rapportering av organisations skandaler.: En kvalitativ innehållsanalys av företagens hållbarhetsrapportering före och efter en skandal2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The main subject in this research study is to try to understand the link between legitimacy upholding and CSR reporting, which in this case is sustainability reporting. In this research study we examine how companies’ legitimacy can be damaged by a scandal. This essay takes a closer look at 8 companies that have been through a scandal and this study aims to evaluate how and why they try to re-legitimize themselves after a scandal has happened. The study uses a qualitative content analysis where we have examined companies’ sustainability reports as a basis. We codified the sustainability reports are searched for underlying themes through an abductive analysis that could be used for evaluation. Our results suggest that organizations aim move from a symbolic to a substantial management style after a scandal with a concentration being on stakeholder appeals. Responsibility for the scandal can also deviate depending how big the scandals are as per our results. Our results are however highly anecdotal yet they provide a base for further research. Our results had been analyzed with the help of legitimacy theory, CSR in theory and stakeholder theory.

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    VT2020KF39
  • 18.
    Abdullahi, Farhia
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Business and IT.
    Lee, Helen
    University of Borås, School of Business and IT.
    Ett framgångsrikt ledarskap relaterat till motståndskraft: En kvalitativ studie om serviceföretag med bakgrund i JC2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Den här uppsatsen är baserad på tidigare forskning av företag som har en bakgrund från företaget JC. I tidigare forskning framträder JC som ett framgångsrikt företag. Det som var kännetecknande hos JC var bland annat det kreativa arbetsklimatet som var öppen och utmanande samt det dynamiska ledarskapet inom företaget. Sammanlagt har elva nya företag skapats av personer med denna bakgrund. De nya företag som har identifierats startades under perioden 1990-2007, med tyngdpunkt i slutet av 1990-talet. De nya företagen indelas i tre olika branscher: Kedjeföretag, hit hör bland annat GinaTricot som enligt många bedömare är den mest framgångsrika butikskedja efter H&M. Designföretag har vi exempelvis Nudie Jeans som många också känner till samt Företagsservice, hit hör såsom Viskan Distanshandel System. I denna studie belyses det som uppfattas som framgångsrikt hos de tre serviceföretag; Viskan Distanshandel system, Futurelab och Unitail, vilka har bakgrund inom JC. Och vad innebär framgångsriktledarskap för dessa företag. I undersökningen ingår det även hur motståndskraftiga dessa företag har varit under den senaste globala ekonomiska recessionen och hur de har hanterat svårigheter i samband med krisen. Studien är utformad med hjälp av en kvalitativ metod. Vi har genomfört det så kallad delvis strukturerade intervjuer med de tre företagsledare. Med hjälp av en intervjuguide gjorde att vi kunde hålla en viss struktur under intervjuns gång. Det empiriska materialet har sedan analyserats genom den abduktiva metoden och hermeneutiskt förhållningssätt, där vi växlade mellan empiri och teori utifrån den hermeneutiska cirkeln. Vår undersökning visar att det inte finns några recept som leder till framgång och att vara motståndskraftig. Framgångsriktledarskap gemensamt hos de tre företagsledarna är att de utövar olika slags ledarstilar samtidigt beroende på situationen. Det gör att de blir flexibla och effektiva under finanskrisen, där de kan gå in i olika roller och får möjliga utrymmen och spelplaner som gör att de kan ha kontroll över läget när något slumpmässigt uppstår. Framgång hos de samtliga företagen åstadkoms via deras kontaktnätverk och det starka teamet som dem lyckades skapa i början. Dessa två faktorer har även varit ett slags motståndskraft för de företagen under krisen. Vi kan enbart hävda att dessa två faktorer har varit ett slags motståndskraft under krisen för de företagen. Dock är det svårt att påstå att dessa kan betraktas som ett slags recept för motståndskraft för andra organisationer.

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  • 19.
    Abdullahi, Farhia
    et al.
    University of Borås, School of Business and IT.
    Topic, Dina
    University of Borås, School of Business and IT.
    Koordinering mellan IT-management- och affärsstrategier: En studie inom postorder/distanshandelföretag2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor)Student thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    I dagens organisationer har man förstått att utvecklingen av teknologin går fort och framåt. För att kun-na hänga med i framåtskridandet måste företag och verksamheter anpassa sig efter utvecklingen som sker i omvärlden för att inte hamna efter. Många företag anser att det inte räcker med bara satsa på af-färsstrategier för att kunna lyckas på marknaden utan behöver också ta fram Informationsteknik-/Informationssystem-strategier som ska stödja affärsstrategierna. Det innebär att kopplingen mellan af-färs- och IT-/IS-strategier är väsentlig på grund av att de är beroende av varandra för att företaget ska lyckas att nå sina mål. Problematik kan uppstå när företag ska koordinera de nämnda strategierna. Det kan då finnas tendens att behandla informationsteknologin som ”kostnadscentrerad” eller se den som en dyr investering, snarare än en möjliggörare som driver affärsvärdet. Samordningen av informations-teknik och affärsstrategi, för att utnyttja IT-funktionerna och omvandla verksamheten, har ökat i bety-delse sen flera år tillbaka. Företag strävar efter konkurrensfördel i den mångskiftande och föränderliga marknaden. Det finns mycket forskning och insikt om sambanden mellan affärs- och IT-strategi, och den rollen om partnerskap mellan IT och företagsledningen kan spela. Vi har genomfört djupintervjuer enligt en kvalitativ undersökningsmetod. Det empiriska materialet har analyserat genom abduktiv me-tod och hermeneutisk förhållningsätt. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur företag samordnar IT-management- och affärsstrategi. En viktig aspekt i undersökningen är relationen mellan IT-avdelningen och företagsledningen - hur företagsledningen prioriterar strategierna. Dessutom vill vi belysa bakom-liggande orsaker till de problem som tycks föreligga i området. Syftet är inte heller att dra några gene-rella slutsatser utan deskriptivt angripa problemet. Svaret på vår forskningsfråga om hur de strategierna koordineras i postorder/distanshandel företag är implicit. Den bakomliggande orsaken till detta anser vi vara bristen på väl formulerade strategier. Detta är ett mönster som kan vi se i alla de tre företag. IT-cheferna måste visa framfötterna när gäller strategi formulering. Det är deras ansvar att kräva från ledningen tydliga affärsstrategier för att lättare formule-ra och koordinera IM-strategin med affärsstrategierna. Postorder/distanshandel företag befinner sig i en växande branschen dessa företag kommer att bli tvungna att ha väl formulerande strategier i framtiden.

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  • 20. Abdullahi, Shamso
    et al.
    Azadkhangha, Mona
    Religionskunskap ur lärarperspektiv: En kunskapsöversikt2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Vi lever i ett mångkulturellt samhälle och därmed möter vi elever med olika trosuppfattningar. Enligt Skolverket (2011) skall religionsundervisningen bidra till att öka elevernas kännedom om alla religioner samt skapa en djupare förståelse och tolerans om andras trosuppfattningar. Därför lägger Skolverket (2011) vikt på att undervisningen ska bedrivas på ett icke- konfessionellt synsätt (Skolverket 2011). Det medför olika utmaningar för lärarna. Vårt syfte med översikten är att ta reda på vilka utmaningar lärarna möter samt deras inställning till religionskunskap. För att kunna bekanta oss vid ämnet valde vi relevanta nyckelord och sökte i databaser såsom ERIC (ProQuest). Flertalet funna artiklar handlade i stora omfattningar om religionskunskap dock var det inte begränsat inom vårt forskningsområde.  För att kunna begränsa sökningen ytterligare skapade vi urvalskriterier som resulterade till tio träffar av vetenskapliga artiklar som verkade relevanta till vår sökning. Resultatet i vår översikt tyder på att lärarna möter olika utmaningar i religionsundervisningen. Vidare visar resultatet vilka åtgärder som krävs för att kunna bemöta dessa utmaningar.

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  • 21.
    Abdulrazek, Maha
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Prodanovic, Martina
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Larsson, Rasmus
    University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
    Förtroende & Lojalitet: för Svenska Banker2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Bank meetings in person have decreased in the last few years because of the increased digitalization of the Swedish banks. Personal meetings have previously been regarded as important to create and maintain trust and previous research have shown that a decline in physical meetings leads to a decrease in trust. The Covid-19 pandemic has dramatically sped up the digitalization, partially because of new services but also due to the fact that the customers now use the previous services provided to a greater extent. A survey that was conducted during the pandemic showed that the trust in banks had decreased. The purpose of this study is to examine whether digitalization and service affects trust and whether trust affects the loyalty to the banks. This study is a cross-sectional study, based on a quantitative method with a deductive approach, where we gather survey data at one point in time. Our results showed that service and digitalization have an effect on trust for the Swedish banks and furthermore that trust has an effect on the loyalty. Our sample is based on students from the University of Borås and 104 people responded to our survey. The rest of this essay is written in Swedish. 

  • 22.
    Abedi Lahrodi, Nima
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Homa, Sofia
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Youssef, Sara
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Konflikter och konflikthantering mellan barn på fritidshem: Intervjuer med pedagoger kring deras upplevelser och lösningar2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna undersökning bygger på hur pedagoger inom fritidshemmet tolkar konflikter mellan elever samt hur pedagogerna arbetar med konflikthantering. Syftet har varit att undersöka hur konflikter uppstår mellan eleverna och hur de hanteras inom fritidshemsverksamheten utav fritidspedagogerna samt hur synen på konflikter uppfattas. Vår undersökning är byggd på en intervjustudie (Se bilaga 4). Studien baseras på en fenomenologisk ansats vilket ramar in vårt synsätt kring konflikt och konflikthantering. Som metod valde vi att utgå ifrån en kvalitativ intervju som är semistrukturerad. Bortsett från detta skriver vi även om urval, etiska överväganden, tillförlitlighet och giltighet. Det skrivs även om arbetets genomförande, analys samt hur vi har gått tillväga med arbetet. I resultatdelen presenterar vi vår empiri som vi har fått fram genom vår metod. Vi presenterar våra frågeställningar i form av att samtalen presenteras för sig och sedan presenterar vi citaten från de olika pedagogerna. Därefter lägger vi in våra egna kommentarer rörande ämnet. Vi gjorde våra intervjuer med hjälp av nio pedagoger som har olika utbildningar inom skolan, olika åldrar och olika bakgrund samt etnicitet och kön. I texten presenteras informanter i nummerform. Efter att noggrant granskat över allt material som vi fått in efter vår undersökning kom vi fram till att många pedagoger hade samma uppfattning kring ämnet konflikthantering. De ansåg att konflikthantering utvecklas med tiden och att det även är en stor del i vår utbildning som grundskolelärare inriktning mot fritidshem. När vi diskuterade ämnet konflikter ansåg pedagogerna att eleverna utvecklas av konflikter, men att det kan bli jobbigt för eleverna om de utsätt för konflikter för ofta. Detta på grund av att eleverna kanske inte vet hur de ska hantera konflikter och därför måste vi pedagoger lära eleverna olika metoder på konflikthantering. Genom att vi läraren är tillgängliga och stöttar eleverna blir de också mer självständiga med tiden.

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    uppsats
  • 23.
    Abelin, Susanne
    et al.
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Dahlander, Carina
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Sundbybergs stadsbibliotek. PR-arbete under åren 1954-1964.2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this master's thesis is to describe the expansion of Sundbyberg public library during the decade 1954 to 1964. Our focus of interest is the library’s concentration on public relations in 1954. During the experimental year 1954 a public relations librarian, Bianca Bianchini, was employed. Her task was to introduce the library to the citizens of Sundyberg who were not already using it. As a background to this concentration on public relations we also describe the early development of the public library in Sundbyberg. Development work in public libraries has been dependent on local initiatives and enthusiasts since the libraries were a voluntary part of the municipal activity. In this thesis we focus on some of the more important actors in this respect and the structures they interacted with. By using an actor-structure approach we try to explain why people took certain actions and the effect they had on the course of events. The method we have used is mainly to examine and analyze source material, which consists of newspaper clippings, minutes of the municipal council and interviews with people who then worked in the library. We have found that the main reason for the concentration on public relations in 1954 was the surrounding structures on a national and local level, such as the strong Swedish economy, an increasing interest in public relations and a committed board of Sundbyberg public library. But we can also see that the commitment of the various actors likewise played an important part.

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  • 24.
    Abelsson, Felicia
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Hellsing, Rebecca
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Färger och kontrasters påverkan i en pull-down meny: Effektiviteten och användares första intryck i en navigeringsmeny2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This bachelor thesis examines how a user can experience different color combinations and how those effect a navigation menu on a website. This with regards on the users first impression. Furthermore, were also different contrasts examined. This thesis also investigates how a navigation menu is being perceived on the basis that it is more appealing in its design, but lacks contrast, comparatively to a design that has strong contrast but do not satisfy the user. Moreover, if color combinations and its placement together with the contrast can increase the efficiency in a navigation process. The colors that were tested were blue and red. Three prototypes were designed which had different color and contrast combinations, but the main colors were blue and red. A qualitative method was being used to examine the impact colors and contrasts can have. An unstructured observation was applied to study the user’s behavior and which prototype was most effective. Moreover, was a think-aloud test where the users had to think-aloud. This method generated an understanding about users first impression and how effective the navigation menu was. Lastly, a semi-structured interview was applied to create a greater understanding about colors impact on the users. The results showed that color and contrast have a big influence on a user’s first impression, but also on a navigation menus’ effectiveness. A more appealing menu with low contrast was being preferred over a menu with high contrast but a less appealing design. 

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  • 25.
    Abelsson, Tobias
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Library and Information Science.
    Patientinformation, vilken profession förmedlar den bäst? En systematisk litteraturstudie med tillhörande begreppsanalys.2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis is a systematic review of the Swedish healthcare and hospital-library’s authorities on the consumer health information. The goal is to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses that are inherited in two professions (medical and LiS) with two completely different perspectives on mediating information. The method used is a mix between conceptual analysis of the Swedish term “patient information” and a Critical conceptual analysis, according to Fairclough, of published native theses and international professional journals. Conclusion of the thesis is that although the nursing and medical staff has the necessary medical expertise it does not, in many cases have either the time or skill to completely satisfy a patient or his/her next of kin´s information needs when exposed in a uneasy situation as when in need of treatment or help in any kind. The hospital librarian on the other hand does have the intermediating skills and most often the time to explain complex treatments or medical procedures, but the lack in medical or nursing expertise. In a perfect setting there is an inter-professional cooperation which brings a lot of positive results. The problem today is often to overcome the gap in awareness of one and other that exists in a modern Swedish hospital.

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  • 26.
    ABID, RAZA* SABOOR
    et al.
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Textiles.
    KARIN, HOPPE ZULETA
    University of Borås, Swedish School of Textiles.
    Smart Denim2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The paper represents an integration of existing smart textiles materials with in the fashion apparel. A pair of jeans termed as Smart Denim was developed in facility of Swedish School of Textiles with phase change material provided by the research organization Swerea IVF. The product was tested at every stage of development and results were carried out in form of graphs.The research work was confined and focused on intelligent textiles taking phase change materials for development of smart denim. Smart denim may influence the ability of the fashion industry to meet the new demands. It will also provide insight of positioning the product with in the fashion market which is quite saturated. Integrating phase change materials within fashionable product denim opens a new way of understanding the fashion market.

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  • 27.
    Abokar Shire, Ayan
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Lajq, Beolona
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Förskollärares syn på flerspråkighet i förskolan2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Studiens syfte är att undersöka förskollärares syn på det språkutvecklande arbetet med flerspråkiga barn i förskolan. Studien tar även sin utgångspunkt i det sociokulturella perspektivet med centrala begrepp som kommunikation och den proximala utvecklingszonen. Metod som användes var kvalitativ metod där skriftliga intervjuer genomfördes med totalt sex förskollärare för att få fördjupad förståelse kring syftet och frågeställningarna. Det vill säga Vilken syn har förskollärare på flerspråkighet i förskolan? Hur menar förskollärare att de stödjer språkutvecklingen hos flerspråkiga barn?  

    I resultatet belyses att förskollärare har varierande uppfattningar om ämnet flerspråkighet i förskolan, vilket innebär att vissa förskollärare upplever arbetet med flerspråkighet som komplext medan andra ser det som en möjlighet till utveckling och lärande. I analysen blir det dessutom synligt att förskollärare använder sig av olika verktyg och strategier för att stödja språkutvecklingen hos flerspråkiga barn. De använder bland annat verktyg som TAKK, bildstöd, sagor och böcker, rim och ramsor under olika situationer. De har även ett gott samarbete med vårdnadshavare för att förstärka barnens modersmål men även det svenska språket.  

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  • 28.
    Abou Mrad, Hayat
    University of Borås, School of Education and Behavioural Science.
    Lärandemiljö: ett utvecklingsarbete om miljöns påverkan på barns språk i förskolan2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor)Student thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund I bakgrunden presenteras tidigare studier och forskning om barns lärande och om hur bland annat miljö, material och vägledning kan främja utveckling hos barn. Att förskolans verksamhet utformas utefter barns perspektiv spelar en stor roll i att skapa de bästa förutsättningarna för barns lek och lärande. Syfte Syftet med studien är att undersöka ifall ett utvecklingsarbete kan stimulera barns språkliga utveckling. Metod Metoden som har valts är en kvalitativ studie av utvecklingsarbetet med etnografiska inslag. Det har genomförts observationer innan och efter utveckling av barnens lekrumsmiljö för att se förändringar i barns språk och lek. Informella intervjuer av pedagoger på fältet har använts som underlag för resultat och reflektion. Både observationer och intervjuer har antecknats i loggbok för bearbetning och analys av data. Enstaka mer formella intervjuer har spelats in i diktafon och transkriberats. Resultat Resultatet visar att barnen har blivit mer språkintresserade och mer angelägna till uttryck. En tillvaro för samtal har skapats genom "kvalitettid" i mindre barngrupper. Utifrån ändringen har miljön fått en tydligare funktion, vilket har påverkat barnens lek och stimulerat dem till att uppta meningsfulla aktiviteter. Utvecklingsarbetet har ändrat hur barnen engagerar sig med i miljön.

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  • 29.
    Aboud, Azel
    et al.
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Bajraliu, Eduena
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Pedagogers syn om lärandet genom iPads i förskolan: En studie om användandet av pedagogiska appar samt konsekvenser som uppstår.2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Inledning

    Studien handlar om att undersöka pedagogers syn om möjligheter till lärandet som sker genom iPads. Studien handlar också om att undersöka vilka pedagogiska appar som används i förskoleverksamheter, samt vilka hinder som kan bemötas.

    Syfte

    Syftet med studien är att undersöka pedagogers syn om lärandet genom iPads och vilka konsekvenser som uppstår vid användandet av iPads.

    Metod

    Kvalitativ metod med fokus på semistrukturerade intervjuer har använts för insamling av data. I studien medverkade sammanlagt fem respondenter från fyra kommunala förskolor. Undersökningen genomfördes digitalt, då vi befinner oss i en pandemi.

    Resultat

    Forskningsresultatet som vår studie gav oss, valde vi att dela in i olika teman. Dessa är: Appar som utvecklar barns matematiska kunskaper, Appar som bidrar till barns språkutveckling och hinder i arbetet med iPads. Sammanfattningsvis i resultatdelen framgår tydligt att pedagogerna använder iPaden i ett lärande syfte, där barnen får möjlighet att utveckla språk och matematiska kunskaper, och att de pedagogiska apparna kan inkludera flerspråkiga barn och barn i behov av särskilt stöd. Respondenterna ser även utmaningar som kan uppstå vid användandet av iPaden. Resultatet visar även att det finns andra digitala verktyg som används i anslutning till iPaden exempelvis Osmo och projektor.

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  • 30.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    A post-colonial perspective on African education systems2020In: African Journal of Education and Practice, E-ISSN 2519-0296, Vol. 6, no 5, p. 40-54Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The purpose of this article is to discuss about precolonial and colonial education and the development of the education systems in the postcolonial Africa. The paper will deal with the questions whether there were any education systems in precolonial Africa and motives for introducing the colonial education systems. Further the relation of the colonial education systems with the needs of the local society, the postcolonial education systems and their future will be analysed. 

    Methodology: Postcolonial perspective is a theoretical frame for the study. A desk-research was conducted to identify and select the relevant literature. Content analysis was used as a method to understand, analyse and interpret the literature. 

    Findings: The results of the literature review show that there were socialization mechanisms before colonialism in African societies. Education introduced in its modern form by missionaries was supposed to serve mainly religious purposes and to train low level functionaries by colonial states. Instead of focusing on local realities education was used to teach the glories of the colonial countries, spread their language and culture as well as introduce a new way of life by condemning all that was native. After independence the inherited colonial education systems continued isolating the masses who had no access to the colonial languages. 

    Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Findings of this study shows some limitations in African education systems. It is necessary that education policy makers and other concerned stakeholders´ to increase the use of local languages to reach the society at large, to focus on contents relevant to their contexts, to provide both theoretical and skill-based education useful for development of society and to aim towards educating productive, conscious, critical and democratic citizens.

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  • 31.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för utbildningsvetenskap.
    African education systems, a postcolonial perspective2012Conference paper (Refereed)
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  • 32.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    African Higher Education: Focus on local context.2022In: The 14th SANORD International Conference. / [ed] University of Limpopo, 2022Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Africa have about 1225 officially registered higher education institutions

    (https://www.4icu.org/Africa/). Some of them are founded by formal colonizers and while

    others through national and local initiatives. The majority of these institutions are Euro-

    Centric in their approach. This text will investigate briefly what is expected of African higher

    education to transform societies to the better.

    The study is based on analysis of secondary data searched and found from Google Scholar,

    ERIC, and Primo database. Terms such as Higher education in Africa, African higher

    education, possibilities and limitations of African higher education are used for the search.

    15 articles relevant to the purpose of the study are identified and used.

    The result of the study shows that African universities need local epistemologies and

    knowledge production systems to identify, research and propose solutions to local

    problems. Teaching and research should take in to consideration social experiences and

    knowledge of the local communities. Local languages should be considered to undertake

    research, to distribute knowledge and to secure communities’ engagement.

    Teachings and research need to address the political unrest, social injustice, economic

    underdevelopment and technological backwardness most countries are facing. Focus on the

    local realities and transformation should be prioritized instead of international competition

    and commodification of higher education. For transforming higher education to focus on

    local context, there is a need that the management, administration and academic staff

    students as well as the society at large should stand together.

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  • 33.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Book Review: Finnish Lessons, What can the world learn from educational change in Finland?2012In: Kapet (avslutad tryckt version), ISSN 1653-4743, Vol. 8, no 1, p. 121-125Article, book review (Other academic)
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  • 34.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Book review: Education, Social Progress, and Marginalized Children in Sub-Saharan Africa: Historical Antecedents and Contemporary Challenges2018Other (Other academic)
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  • 35.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Göteborgs Universitet.
    Compulsory School Curricula of South Africa (RNCS, 2002) and Sweden (Lpo94).2008In: Compulsory School Curricula of South Africa (RNCS, 2002) and Sweden (Lpo94)., 2008Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Compulsory School Curricula of South Africa (RNCS1, 2002) and Sweden (Lpo 294).

    Abstract

    The aim of this paper is to analyse the compulsory school curricula of South Africa and Sweden. It focuses on contexts for their introduction, main actors in the process, democratic values they contain and their similarities and differences. Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is used for analysis. The curricula and references to other literatures show similarities and differences. Contextual similarities are that both countries were once under oppression and their masses were isolated from the education process and more resources were invested on their elites. At present the curricula of both countries strives for democratic education. A major difference is equal opportunities for the students to attend a school of their choice are higher in Sweden than in South Africa. The Swedish curriculum is more concrete on issues related to students, teachers and other school staff’s rights and responsibilities, and on relations between school, home and society.

    Key words: South Africa, Sweden, Curricula, and Democratic values

  • 36.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013).
    Critical Pedagogy: Origin, Vision, Action & Consequences2014In: Kapet (avslutad tryckt version), ISSN 1653-4743, Vol. 10, no 1, p. 90-98Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Critical pedagogy is a transformation-based approach to education. The aim of this article is to introduce the origin, vision, action and consequences of critical pedagogy. It also aims on finding out about educators’ possibility of actualising it in their practice. As a source materials articles, book chapters and books are used. The literature shows that critical pedagogy has its origin in the tradition of critical theory of the Frankfurt School and the work of the Brazilian pedagog Paulo Freire. According to the literature, its major theses is that education should go beyond transfer of knowledge and training the future labour force; to help developing critical consciousness, which leads to transformation of the individual, learning environment and society at large. Critical pedagogy is criticised for a focus on macro level system, for not having a model for classroom implementation and for being abstract. Despite some critics, I argue that critical pedagogy has still the potential to empower those in the field of education to increase their consciousness about the injustice in their society and to involve in transforming it.

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  • 37.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Göteborgs Universitet.
    Curriculum Reform and Life Orientation Education in Post Apartheid South Africa2010In: Education Policy / [ed] Gregory Papanikos, Athens: Athens Institute for Education and Research , 2010, p. 79-102Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 38.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Democratic Values in the Comprehensive Schools Curricula of the Nordic Countries.2013Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Democratic values in the comprehensive schools curricula of the Nordic countries.

     

    The major focus of this paper is to find out which aspects of democratic values are emphasised in the comprehensive schools curricula of the five Nordic countries. It is also an intention of the paper to find out similarities and differences in emphasis and if available data allows to further investigate the reasons for differences and similarities.

    Major sources for the work were curricula of comprehensive schools from the different Nordic countries. Each countries current curriculum was closely read to understand their contents and to undertake comparative analysis. Text analysis was used as a major tool to look closely at the text and context. For further knowledge journals on curriculum studies and other relevant materials were consulted.

    A preliminary review of the general section of comprehensive schools curricula of these countries show:

    In the Danish curriculum participation, responsibility and understanding rights and duties are emphasised.

    The Finnish curriculum raises issues on human rights, equality, natural diversity, preservation of environment and multiculturalism. Responsibility, a sense of community and respect for the right and freedom of the individual are emphasised. General diversity and gender equality are given significant attention.

    In the Icelandic curriculum the major focus is human rights, collective responsibility, participation, influencing, and respect. Concern for people, animal and the environment are included in the curriculum. Critical thinking and reflection, active cooperation & collective responsibility are also emphasised.

    The Norwegian curriculum mentions understanding, cooperation, independence, individual freedom and tolerance as important issues.

    Swedish curriculum raises issues on respect for human rights, respect for persons and the environment. It considers inviolability of human life, individual freedom and integrity, equality between women and men, solidarity with the weak and vulnerable as crucial points. Sense of justice, generosity of spirit, tolerance and responsibility, well-being and development of the individual, no discrimination and personal responsibility were among the areas the curriculum lifted up.

    The curricula in these five countries give room for democratic values. There are some variations on emphasises on specific issues. But all the curricula include issues of rights and responsibilities.

    Keywords: curricula, democratic values, Nordic countries

  • 39.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Utbildningsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Göteborgs universitet.
    Education for Democracy?: Life Orientation: Lessons on Leadeship Qualities and Voting in South African Comprehensive Schools2010Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This study takes as its starting point how teachers understand, interpret and teach social development aspects of Life Orientation in South African comprehensive schools. The specific focus is on lessons on leadership qualities and voting for third grade learners in four schools, each dominated by either Black, Coloured, White or mixed groups of learners. Field work with an ethnographic approach and a qualitative strategy was used to gain access to empirical data. Policy and curriculum documents, guidelines and textbooks were used. Classroom observations in four classes and interviews with 14 third grade teachers were conducted. Theoretical concepts of construction, deconstruction and reconstruction are applied. Ulf P Lundgren’s Frame Factor Theory is used to study school organization. Basil Bernstein’s Pedagogical Devices are considered when examining the different levels of pedagogical activities. To be a teacher in South Africa one needs to attend at least two years of teacher education after completing high school. Teachers in the classes studied underwent their teacher education during apartheid years. Due to limited in-service training, they sometimes experience problems of understanding and interpreting the learning area, which they usually tackle by consulting documents, colleagues or school authorities. The learners’ understanding varied based on their family background and type of school they attended. There were enormous differences in material, financial and organisational resources between classes and schools. The resources for teaching leadership qualities and voting were not, however, different between the classes. The lessons were teacher dominated and direct transmission was used as a method. The way teachers facilitated the lesson on leadership qualities and voting varied but all showed some democratic shortcomings. Apart from answering questions, learners were neither invited nor encouraged to participate to further their understanding of the theme. Limited aspects of leadership qualities were discussed, individual leaders’ roles were emphasised and the teachers picked candidates for class leaders in three of the classes. It was also evident that the class environments were not suitable for critical or creative thinking and democratic upbringing. The schools reproduced norms, values, languages and cultures of the different groups. Officially, teachers emphasised the common national South African identity. This emphasis on national identity could disguise the injustice some groups experience in society.

  • 40.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Failed grades, schools, families and neighborhoods: Swedish Immigrant pupils’ reflections on their reality2017Conference paper (Refereed)
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  • 41.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Immigrant Students Reflections on Their Failed Results from Compulsory School: Reconsidering Multi-dimensional Solutions2018In: Journal of Education and Cultural Studies, ISSN 2573-0401, Vol. 2, no 3, p. 213-226Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the study is to investigate reasons students with an immigrant background in one Swedish high school gives for their failure in some subjects at the end of their compulsory education. An interview with 18 students with an immigrant background is used as a method. According to the students, schools’ employment of substitute teachers without subject knowledge, reducing and firing competent teachers and less time for Swedish language lessons are reasons for failure in relation to schools. Other reasons given that affect results relate to family issues; leaving their country of origin, having many siblings and not getting enough attention from parents, parents inability to help them with school work, limited family financial resources and social obligations to support family members in their country of origin. In their residential area; not meeting persons with Swedish origin, lack of recreational facilities and meeting place, higher unemployment and crime rate are emphasized as affecting their lives and influencing their results. Based on the research findings and reviewed literature, students’ failure is mainly related to school, family and residential areas. The problems vary to a great extent, hence, the solutions should also bemulti-dimensional.

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  • 42.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Innan doktorshatten: Granskning av utbildningsvetenskapliga avhandlingar2018In: Samhälle, genus och pedagogik-utbildningsvetenskapliga perspektiv: Vänbok till Inga Wernersson / [ed] Kerstin von Brömssen, Signild Risenfors & Lena Sjöberg, Trollhättan: Högskolan Väst , 2018, p. 219-238Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 43.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    International practicum for what and on whose terms?2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    International practicum for what and on whose terms?

     

                                                                     Getahun Yacob Abraham

                                                                                           Senior Lecturer

                                                                                           Karlstad University

     

    The aim of this paper is to investigate about the aims of international practicum and who is benefiting from it. If it is found that one side, the North or the South, is benefiting, to look at the possibilities to reconsider the practicum in order to benefit both. Review of literature in the field and my own experiences as a Swedish university lecturer involved in the teacher students practicum in the South will be the base for this paper. Some preliminary results of my literature review show that practicum in the South mainly focuses on giving the teacher students from the North the possibility of intercultural understanding with specific focus of dealing with change taking place at home, the diversity of students in classrooms (Abraham & von Brömssen, 2018; Bosire & Brigham, 2009;  Marx & Moss, 2011; Wiken & Klein, 2017). Long time experiences show that in the movement of students from the North to the South, the economically and politically dominant countries can dictate the terms (Bosire & Brigham, 2009; Yang, 2002). In addition to that the countries in the center gain more advantages than the countries in the periphery (Barnet & Reggie, 1995).

     

    Keywords: Internationalization, International practicum, teacher students, North, South. 

     

    References

     

    Abraham, G.Y. & von Brömssen, K. (2018). Internationalisation in teacher education: Student teachers reflections on experiences from a field study in South Africa. Education Inquiry.  

    https://www-tandfonline-com.bibproxy.kau.se/doi/full/10.1080/20004508.2018.1428035

     

    Barnet, G.A. & Yingli Wu, R. (1995). The international student exchange network. 1970&1980, Higher Education, 30, 353-368.

     

    Bosire, M.M. & Brigham, S. (2009). Preparing North American preserivice teachers for global perspectives: An international teaching practicum experiences in Africa, The Alberta Journal of Education Research, 55 (3), 415-428.

     

    Marx, H. & Moss, D.M. (2011). Please mind the culture gap: Intercultural development during a teacher education study abroad program, Journal of Teacher Education, 62 (1), 35-37.

     

    Wikan, G. & Klein, J. (2017). Can international practicum foster intercultural competence among teacher students? Journal of the European Teacher Education Network, 12, 95-104. 

     

    Yang, R. (2002). University internationalization: Its meaning, rationales and implications, Intercultural Education, 13 (1), 81-95.

     

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  • 44.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Internationalisation and Intercultural Competence in Higher Education.2022Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    07. Social Justice and Intercultural EducationPaper

    Internationalisation and Intercultural Competence in Higher Education.Getahun Yacob AbrahamUniversity of Borås, SwedenPresenting Author: Abraham, Getahun YacobThe aim of this study is to find out how concepts and practices of internationalisation and interculturality in higher education are understood. The study will also investigate the relation between the two concepts, what they have in common and how they could be used to facilitate internationalisation and interculturality in higher education. Uzhegova & Baik (2020) use in their work Knight´s definition of internationalisation as ‘the process of integrating an international, intercultural or global dimension into the purpose, functions or delivery of post-secondary education’ (2003, 2) (Uzhegova & Baik, 2020, 2).Internationalisation involves actors, context and different factors that facilitate or hinder its implementation. The actors include students from institutions, international students and staff from host institutions (Trahar & Hyland, 2011). On the other hand, internationalisation could be undertaken locally, by including students with varied cultural and linguistic backgrounds within the institution or within the country (Sanderson 2011). Internationalisation of the curriculum is thought to benefit the internationalisation process. It is supposed to empower students to gain global citizenship skills to take employment in most countries and undertake the work expected for the position (Kirik et al, 2018). The level of internationalisation in a higher education institution is influenced by different factors. Development of higher education in a country, the languages used in the education system, the economic development of a country as well as the attractiveness of the location of the higher education institution are supposed to influence the internationalisation of the specific institution (Uzhegova & Baik, 2020). Intercultural communication skill is one of the prior conditions to develop intercultural competence. Intercultural competence makes it possible to lay the ground for intercultural understanding and creating common learning platforms for students of diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds (Henneby & Fordyce, 2018). One of the important aspects of intercultural communication is language. Language could enhance or hinder intercultural communication and in extension intercultural competence (Dunworth et al, 2021). To develop intercultural communication competence (ICC), Munezane (2021) considers some factors from Byram´s model (1997, 2008). The factors are, “knowledge of self and other, of interaction; relativising self, valuing other; skills of interpreting and relating; skills of discovering and/or interacting; and political education, critical cultural awareness” (Munezane, 2021, 1666).While understanding others in relation to self is important, authors also emphasis for developing intercultural competence there is need for openness to others experiences, curiosity and interdependence (Munezane, 2021). According to Yarosha et tal (2018), knowledge, awareness, skills and attitudes are the building blocks for intercultural competence, and contribute to creating cooperative learning environment for participants (Hennebry & Fordyce, 2018). Spencer-Oatey & Dauber (2019) strengthens these points on developing intercultural competence by emphasising the importance of “(a) positive attitudes (e.g. openness and curiosity) towards diversity and motivation to learn about/engage with it and (b) experiences of difference that take people out of their comfort zones and stimulate new thinking and behaviour”. (pp.1049-1050). Bilingualism is considered as one of the main challenges for intercultural communication (Tucker King et al, 2021). In many countries English is used as lingua franca in higher education institutions. However, how English is used by native speakers in higher education institutions, is perceived often by international students as creating hindrance to written and spoken communication (Holliday, 2017). In addition to language barrier, there are also challenges of ethnocentrism (Munezane, 2021; Harrison, 2011) and fear of threat from outside to one´s own language and cultural identity (Kirk et al, 2018). Less willingness to communicate with people other than one’s own group (Munezane, 2021) is also considered as an obstacle to intercultural communication and competence. 

    Methodology, Methods, Research Instruments or Sources UsedMethod/methodology.

    This study is based on a brief literature review. There are several databases with the possibility of searching articles with different themes, for this study I limited myself to one database, Web of Science. In Web of Science, I searched for articles using the terms “internationalisation + higher education”, then “interculturality + higher education” and finally “internationalisation and interculturality in higher education”. These searches gave quit a large number of articles. By limiting my search to peer reviewed journal articles and articles written after 2010, I could reduce the number of articles. By reading the titles and abstracts of 54 articles, I could identify the purpose, research questions, theoretical perspective, methods used, results, discussions and conclusions. These helped me to choose 14 of the 54 articles with the focus on internationalisation in higher education, intercultural competence in higher education and articles dealing with both themes. For the purpose of this conference abstract, I am limiting myself to the 14 articles. When I develop the abstract into a full-fledged paper, I am planning to search and include more relevant literature, articles, scientific reports and books.

    To be able to understand the result of the different studies, content analysis is used as methodology. With the help of content analysis, the aims of the studies, methods of studies, theoretical perspectives, findings and discussions are critically scrutinized. The study focused on relevant findings in relation to internationalisation and intercultural competences. But this does not mean all findings from the literature review are included in this short text. 

    Conclusions, Expected Outcomes or FindingsConclusion

    Internationalisation could be steered by top-down directive or bottom-up initiative and there are also possibilities that it is a combination of both (Kirik et al, 2018). There could be motives for internationalisation to increase quality of education, exchange knowledge and experiences. It is also possible that some higher education institutions are motivated mainly for attracting fee paying students, improve the position of their institution in the national, regional or international ranking systems (Kirik et al, 2018) or impose what they consider as their “best practice” on others.  

    The possibility of developing intercultural communication and gaining intercultural competence could contribute to creating cooperative learning environment (Hennebry &Fordyce, 2018). In this process participating individuals´ agency helps to achieve the goals of intercultural communication and competence (Sanderson, 2011; Tucker King et al, 2021). When unwillingness and lack of curiosity dominate it can hinder developing intercultural competence. 

    In conclusion successful internationalisation obviously need intercultural communication skills and competence (Spencer-Oatey & Dauber, 2019). Suitable intercultural environment can lead to development of three stages of interactivity, reciprocity and unity (Kudo et al, 2018). While it is difficult to separate the concepts of internationalisation and intercultural competence (Collins, 2018), it is possible to consider the interplay between them. Intercultural competence can pave the way for internationalisation. Openness, curiosity, and willingness to share life experience with others could be commonly used for achieving intercultural competence and internationalisation in higher education.

    ReferencesCollins, H. (2018). Interculturality from above and below: navigatinguneven discourses in a neoliberal university system. Language and Intercultural Communication, 18 (2), 167-183.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2017.1354867

    Dunworth, K., Grimshaw, T., Iwaniec, J. & McKinley, J. (2021). Language and the development of intercultural competence in an ‘internationalised’ university: staff and student perspectives. Teaching in Higher Education, 26 (6), 790-805.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2019.1686698

    Harrison, N. (2012). Investigating the impact of personality and early life experiences on intercultural interaction in internationalised universities. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 36, 224– 237. 

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2011.03.007

    Hennebry, M. L. & Fordyce, K. (2018). Cooperative learningon an international masters. Higher Education Research & Development, 37 (2), 270-284. 

    https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2017.1359150

    Holliday, A. (2017). PhD students, interculturality, reflexivity, community and internationalisation. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 38 (3), 206-218.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2015.1134554 

    Kirk, S. H., Newstead, C., Gann, R & Rounsaville, C. (2018). Empowerment and ownership in effective internationalisation of the higher education curriculum. Higer Education, 76, 989-1005.

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-018-0246-1 

    Kudo, K., Volet, S. & Whitsed, C. (2018). Development of intercultural relationships at university: a three-stage ecological and person-in-context conceptual framework. Higher Education, 77, 473-489.

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-018-0283-9

    Munezane, Y.  (2021). A new model of intercultural communicative competence: bridging language classrooms and intercultural communicative contexts. Studies in Higher Education, 46 (8), 1664-1681.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2019.1698537

    Sanderson, G. (2011). Internationalisation and teaching in higher education,Higher Education Research & Development, 30 (5), 661-676.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2011.598455  

    Spencer-Oatey, H. & Dauber, D. (2019). Internationalisation and student diversity: how far are the opportunity benefits being perceived and exploited? Higher Education, 78, 1035-1058.

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-019-00386-4

    Trahar, S. & Hyland, F. (2011). Experiences and perceptions of internationalisation in higher education in the UK. Higher Education Research & Development, 30 (5), 623-633.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2011.598452

    Tucker King , C. S. & Bailey, K. S. (2021). Intercultural communication and US higher education: How US students and faculty can improve International students’ _classroom experiences. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 82, 278–287.

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2021.04.007

    Uzhegova, D. & Baik, C. (2020). Internationalisation of higher educationin an uneven world: an integrated approach to internationalisation of universities in the academic periphery. Studies in Higher Education. 

    https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2020.1811220

    Yarosha, M., Lukicb, D. & Santibáñez-Gruber, R. (2018). Intercultural competence for students in international joint master programmes. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 66, 52–72.

    DOI:10.1016/J.IJINTREL.2018.06.003 

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    Internationalisation and Intercultural Competence
  • 45.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Internationalisation and international practicum for what and on whose terms?2020In: Global and Intercultural Competence through Practicum in the Global South. / [ed] Kirsten Andreassen, Birgit Breusch och Jacob Clausen, Köpenhamn: Københavns Professionshøjskole , 2020, 2, p. 22-33Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper will investigate the aims of internationalisation and international practicum, with the focus on the later. It is important to consider whether both partners in the exchange receive benefits, and if not to reconsider the practicum arrangements to ensure greater equity of benefit. Review of literature in the field and my own experiences as a Swedish university lecturer involved in student teacher practica will be the base for this paper. Some preliminary results of my literature review show that practicum in the South mainly focuses on giving the teacher students from the North the possibility of intercultural understanding with specific goal of dealing with demographic change taking place in the student teacher´s home country. This demographic change has typically resulted in an increased cultural diversity of students in classrooms (Abraham & von Brömssen, 2018; Bosire & Brigham, 2009;  Marx & Moss, 2011; Wiken & Klein, 2017). Experiences show that in the movement of students from the North to the South, economically and politically dominant countries are more likely to dictate the terms of relationships (Bosire & Brigham, 2009;  Yang, 2002). Viewed from another perspective, countries considered in the center due to their economic and political influence gain more advantages than countries considered in the periphery (Barnet & Reggie, 1995).

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  • 46.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Is it enough with diversity in higher education?2023In: ECER2023, 2023Conference paper (Refereed)
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  • 47.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för utbildningsvetenskap.
    Lektioner om ledarskapskvalitet och röstningsförfarande i sydafrikanska grundskolor2011In: Kapet (avslutad tryckt version), ISSN 1653-4743, Vol. 1, no 1, p. 96-107Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna studie tar sin utgångspunkt i hur lärare undervisar om den sociala utvecklingsdelen av ”Life Orientation” i sydafrikanska grundskolan. Specifikt fokus ligger på lektioner om ledarskapskvalitet och om att rösta för tredjeklasselever i fyra skolor. Var och en av klasserna dominerades av antingen svarta, färgade, vita eller blandade grupper av elever. Ulf P Lundgrens ramfaktorteori användes för att studera skolans organisation. Basil Bernsteins ”Pedagogic device” användes för att förstå olika pedagogiska verksamheter i klassrummet. Fältarbeten med en etnografisk metod och en kvalitativ strategi användes för att få tillgång till empiriska data. Policy- och läroplansdokument, riktlinjer och läroböcker analyserades. Klassrumsobservationer i fyra klasser och intervjuer med 14 tredjeklasslärare genomfördes. För att vara lärare i Sydafrika krävs minst två års lärarutbildning efter avslutad gymnasieskola. Lärarna i de klasser som studerades genomgick sin lärarutbildning under apartheidtiden. På grund av begränsad fortbildning och bristande erfarenheter av den nya läroplanen hade de ibland svårigheter att förstå och tolka det aktuella ämnet. Enorma skillnader i material, ekonomiska och organisatoriska resurser förelåg mellan olika klasser och skolor. Lärarna dominerade lektionerna och direkt överföring användes som metod. Det sätt lärarna höll lektion om ledaregenskap och om att rösta varierade, men alla visade demokratiska brister. Lärarna valde själva kandidater till klassledare i tre av klasserna. Det blev också tydligt att klassernas miljöer inte befrämjade vare sig kritiskt och kreativt tänkande eller demokratisk fostran.

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  • 48.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    Life Orientation: Lessons on leadership qualities and voting in grade three classes in South African schools2013In: Online Educational Research Journal, E-ISSN 2044-0294Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Life Orientation: lessons on leadership qualities and voting in grade three classes

    Abstract

    The focus of this study was lessons on leadership qualities and voting in grade three classes in four Eastern Cape schools. Frame factor theory and theory of pedagogical devices were used. The study employed text analysis, classroom observation in four 3rd grade classes and interviews with 14 third grade teachers as sources of data. The results of the study indicated there were differences among teachers when it came to understanding and interpreting the theme. The teachers interviewed have general qualifications but lacked training to teach this theme. Between the schools there were differences in manpower, material and financial resources. There were similar teaching procedures although there were differences in teachers’ approaches. Learners’ understanding was influenced by family background. In general, teachers dominated and controlled the whole procedure by proposing candidates and vote counters. Findings from this study could be relevant for teachers and other school personnel for their future commitment to teaching democracy by practising it. Keywords: Classroom, democracy, differences, leadership qualities, learners, life orientation, participation, South Africa, teachers, voting

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  • 49.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT. Högskolan i Borås, University of Borås.
    Multidimensional Role of Teachers as Pedagogues, Intellectuals and Activists for Promoting Social Justice through Education2023In: Journal of Education and Culture Studies, ISSN 2573-0401, Vol. 7, no 2, p. 52-65Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates roles teachers could play in developing their students’ critical thinking and transforming society. The study is based on a literature review. Critical pedagogy is used as a theoretical point of departure. The results show three important roles of teachers, the pedagogical, intellectualand activist roles. Teachers acting as pedagogues can help their students understand the subjects they are focusing on and develop a critical understanding of their own and their society’s situation. Teachers as intellectuals produce knowledge through research on their practice and other fields of knowledge, learn on how to disseminate such knowledge and understanding its consequences. As citizens, teachers use their own and their students’ experiences and knowledge of needs of their community/society to play an activist role in transforming society. Thus, the ideal teacher plays a multidimensional role as a pedagogue, an intellectual and an activist.

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  • 50.
    Abraham, Getahun Yacob
    Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013).
    New Public Management in the Swedish Higher Education2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The focus of this study is to find out about the neoliberal New Public Management entry into the Swedish higher education institutions, its effect and the possible alternative to it. The study is based on articles in academic journals, policy documents and government sponsored reports. The result of the study shows that the Swedish higher education institutions are influenced by New Public Management. This is visible as market characters such as efficiency, competition, quality control, customer satisfaction is highly valued at present in the higher education. There is also emphasis on manpower training for the labour market. Easily measurable knowledge for immediate use of economic growth are prioritized at the expense of critical and analytical knowledge. Higher education’s autonomy is to some extent violated, collegial leadership is replaced by appointee leadership, staff are under pressure to follow instructions instead of exercising their academic freedom. Based on these findings I will argue against these trends and emphasis on the importance of all partners in higher education to review the present condition in order to facilitate the possibility for keeping higher education (universities) as public autonomous institution, to keep academic freedom intact, to assure that higher education should have both professional and democratic contents, and that higher education should continue to undertake basic long term and short term research for immediate use.

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  • asciidoc
  • rtf