In this article, we present supplementary data to the article entitled "Self-learning training versus instructor-led training in basic life support: a cluster randomised trial" [1]. In three supplementary files, we present the informed consent of the included participants, the modified instrument to calculate the total score for practical skills called "the Cardiff Test of basic life support and automated external defibrillation" and the questionnaire to obtain background factors, theoretical knowledge, self-assessed knowledge and confidence and willingness to act, distributed directly after training and six months after training. The results of comparisons between "directly after intervention" and "six months after intervention", for each training group separately, are presented in three tables. We also present two tables showing the reasons why the participants were not prepared to perform compressions and/or ventilations in the event of a sudden out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Emergency surgery is unplanned by definition and patients are scheduled for surgery with minimal preparation. Some patients who have sustained emergency orthopaedic trauma or other conditions must be operated on immediately or within a few hours, while others can wait until the hospital’s resources permit and/or the patients’ health status has been optimised as needed. This may affect the prioritisation procedures for both emergency and elective surgery and might result in waiting lists, not only for planned procedures but also for emergencies.
1. Previous knowledge of the anatomical course of unmyelinated (C) axons along a peripheral nerve has been scarce and has led to the concept of the axons in a constantly interchanging position. 2. Results obtained by microneurography in the peroneal nerve at knee or ankle levels in awake humans demonstrated that the receptive fields of neighbouring C units in the nerve cluster in close vicinity on the skin of the foot or the ankle. These findings indicate that C afferents run closely together throughout large portions of the peripheral nerve. 3. Intraneural microstimulation performed at neural sites where nociceptive C units were recorded induced painful sensations projected to the skin. When the stimulus intensity was increased, there was typically a concentric increase in the area of projected pain, rather than recruitment of several scattered pain projections. This finding further supports the hypothesis of a neighbouring relation of nociceptive C axons within nerve fascicles, implying spatial recruitment of adjacent axons in the nerve with adjacent peripheral projections. 4. A pain locognosia test performed during ischaemic block of impulse conduction in myelinated fibres demonstrated a fairly precise cerebral localization of noxious events on the foot from the input of C afferent fibres alone.
In 2008, the World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the Surgical Safety Checklist as a means to reduce surgical complications and improve communication among healthcare professionals in the operating room. The checklist is divided into three parts: pre-anesthesia check, time-out before incision, and closing check. As operating room nurses, we chose to focus on the time-out component to describe operating room nurses' experiences with communication and compliance during time-out.
This literature review is based on ten qualitative scientific articles, which were reviewed and analyzed. We searched for common themes in the articles, which were categorized into main themes and sub-themes. Under the main theme of communication, we found that hierarchy was a strong contributing factor to poor communication within the interprofessional operating team and low compliance with the WHO's Surgical Safety Checklist.
Under the main theme of education, we found problems with the implementation of the WHO's Surgical Safety Checklist, including inadequate education and training for the entire team. The results of this study can form the basis for further research on interprofessional communication and development, as well as the management of different hierarchies in the operating room.
Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) is an integral part of modern breast cancer treatment. Our aim was to investigate patient experience with implant loss after IBR by using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). We conducted semi-structured interviews with eight informants. We analyzed data according to the IPA flexible seven-stage process and four main themes were developed: immediate breast reconstruction as the indisputable choice, a difficult experience, an altered body: redefining normality, and trying to cope. The experience of implant loss appears to affect women for many years and might overshadow some of the benefits of IBR.