In this paper the authors present research findings from a comparative case study involving the pedagogical use of learning management systems (LMS) at the university level. Two engineering programs are compared, one based at the University College, Borås, Sweden (hereafter UB) and the other at the Instituto Superior Politéêcnico Joséê Antonio Echeverrîa, Havana, Cuba (hereafter ISPJAE). At UB twenty two engineering lecturers were surveyed concerning their use of LMS. At ISPJAE fifteen lecturers were given a course on LMS, provided with tools to use it, and subsequently interviewed about the extent to which they had employed it in their courses. The aim of the case study was threefold. Firstly to compare the lecturers' knowledge and understanding of the pedagogical advantages of using LMS in face-to-face, blended and online learning. Secondly to determine the extent to which an LMS was used and evaluate the pedagogical value of such use. Thirdly to investigate the administrative, technological and pedagogical barriers involved in using an LMS.