For the use of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) as a piezoelectric material, the processing must include formation of polar β-phase crystallites, as well as the application of electrically conducting charge collectors, i.e. electrodes. In the present paper, results from melt spinning of PVDF yarns and a novel bicomponent PVDF-yarn with a conductive carbon black/polypropylene (CB/PP) core, are presented. Melt spinning has been done under conditions typical for industrial large-scale fiber production. The effects of varying spinning velocities, draw rates and draw temperatures on the resulting crystalline structure are discussed. The results show that for maximum α-to-β phase transformation, cold drawing should take place at a temperature between 70-90°C and draw ratio as well as draw rate should be as high as possible. It was observed that the cold drawing necessary to form β-phase crystallinity, simultaneously leads to a decrease in the core conductivity of the bicomponent yarns. In the present work, melt spinning of bicomponent fibers with high β-phase PVDF in the sheath and a CB/PP core was successfully realized. The core material remained electrically conductive, this paving the way to using a CB-polymer compound as inner electrode in melt spinning of piezoelectric bicomponent fibers.