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Relatives’ lived experiences of losing a loved one to COVID-19: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4179-771X
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden;Regional Department of Competence in Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, Växjö Region Kronoberg, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5750-0474
Centre for Pastoral Care, Dioceses of Växjö, Church of Sweden.
University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare. Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Research Secretary at Centre of Interprofessional Collaboration within Emergency Care (CICE), Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5932-6078
2023 (English)In: Nordic Psychology, ISSN 1901-2276, E-ISSN 1904-0016, p. 1-16Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, restrictions to prevent its spread were formed, thereby hindering patients’ relatives from maintaining contact with and visiting their loved ones, even saying goodbye at the end of life. This study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of bereaved relatives’ experiences of losing a loved one to COVID-19. Eight in-depth interviews were conducted and analysed using an interpretative phenomenological approach. The results revealed two superordinate themes: (a) the lonely and painful loss and (b) the double crises. The relatives were oscillating between hope and despair. During the time of their loved one’s illness, they felt powerless, excluded, lonely and vulnerable. The death was unexpected, and it was painful to not be able to say goodbye in person or when the life support was terminated. Furthermore, the relatives were in crisis at the same time as the health care system was in crisis. Sometimes the relatives did not receive information, and they felt like bystanders waiting for answers. The health care professionals’ attitudes were of importance in supporting the relatives. If there was a lack of empathy and understanding for the relative’s situation, feelings of frustration and not being respected emerged. To meet relatives’ needs when losing a loved one during circumstances such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the healthcare system needs to develop routines pertaining to providing adequate information, supporting relatives’ need to say goodbye, and coping with ethical dilemmas, such as when there are insufficient life support machines for patients. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis, 2023. p. 1-16
Keywords [en]
COVID-19, qualitative research, lived experience, interpretative phenomenological analysis, bereavement, relatives
National Category
Nursing
Research subject
The Human Perspective in Care
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-29950DOI: 10.1080/19012276.2023.2220074ISI: 001002618200001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85161602002OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hb-29950DiVA, id: diva2:1771997
Available from: 2023-06-21 Created: 2023-06-21 Last updated: 2024-02-01Bibliographically approved

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Gustafsson, Ingrid

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