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Kryptovalutors framväxt utifrån Actor-Network Theory: från riskfylld investering till ekonomins finrum
University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
University of Borås, Faculty of Textiles, Engineering and Business.
2022 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 240 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Cryptocurrencies emergence seen from Actor-Network Theory (English)
Abstract [sv]

Den här uppsatsen handlar om framväxten av kryptovalutor och blockkedjeteknik i den globala ekonomin. Kritik har riktats mot bankers och andra centraliserade intermediärers finansiella system, i form av ineffektiva processer, tillkommande avgifter och att användarnas integritet undermineras. I takt med kritiken har tillkomsten av kryptovalutor och blockkedjeteknik vuxit fram och det sker en snabb utveckling inom detta område. Intresset ökar i samhället där aktörer försöker adaptera den nya teknologin samtidigt som centraliserade organisationer vill förbli konkurrenskraftiga på marknaden. Tidigare har det varit en mer negativ inställning gentemot kryptovalutor men uppfattningen har börjat förändras.  Intentionen med studien är att undersöka framväxten av kryptovaluta och blockedjeteknologin. För att uppnå studiens syfte har vi kartlagt vilka aktörerna är och hur de förhåller sig till kryptovaluta. I denna studie har Actor-Network Theory (ANT) använts som teoretisk referensram och bidrar till resultatets uppbyggnad. Centralt inom teorin är att olika aktörer interagerar med varandra och tillsammans bygger ett nätverk som strävar efter att stabiliseras. Studiens empiri har samlats in genom en dokumentstudie.  Resultatet visar att nätverket kring kryptovalutor har blivit stabiliserat över tid men inte fullständigt institutionaliserat eller allmänt accepterat i samhället. Ledande aktörer utöver myndigheter och makthavare har hjälpt till att forma nätverket och bidragit till kryptovalutors utveckling. Däremot framgår det att aktörer som banker har andra incitament bakom användningen av teknologin där de ser fördelarna men väljer att inte i dagsläget adaptera teknologin fullständigt.  

Abstract [en]

This thesis explains the emergence of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology in the global economy. An increased criticism has been noticed against banks and other centralized organizations financial systems. The main critics evolve around its inefficient processes, the additional fees that intermediaries are demanding for their services, and that the users integrity tends to be undermined. Cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology has emerged as a counteractive answer to these criticisms, and there is a rapidly growing development in the area. Cryptocurrencies are given more attention in society which shows by the increase of private investors and organizations who are trying to take advantage of the new technology. Centralized organizations have been passive towards cryptocurrencies in the early stages to stay competitive in the market. There has been a general negative attitude towards cryptocurrencies in the past, but these perceptions are changing. The intention of this study is to investigate the emergence of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology. To achieve the purpose of the study, we have mapped who these contributors are and how they relate to the phenomena. In this study, actor-network theory (ANT) has been used as a theoretical framework and contributes to the structure of the results. Central to the theory is that different types of participants interact with each other and together build a network that strives to form a stable structure. This studys empirical data has been determined through a document study.  The results show that the network around cryptocurrencies has been stabilized over time but is not fully institutionalized. There is still progression to be made until it will become widely accepted in society. Leading actors in addition to authorities and those in power have in one hand helped shape the network and contributed to the development of cryptocurrencies. On the other hand, it appears that involved actors such as banks have other incentives for engaging in the technology, since they seem to have taken notice of the benefits of it but choose not to fully adapt the technology yet. This essay is written in Swedish. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022.
Keywords [en]
Cryptocurrencies, blockchain, actor-network theory, actors, translation process
Keywords [sv]
Kryptovalutor, blockkedjeteknik, aktörsnätverk, aktörer, översättningsprocess
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-28143OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hb-28143DiVA, id: diva2:1678437
Subject / course
Företagsekonomi - Civilekonom
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Examiners
Available from: 2022-06-29 Created: 2022-06-29 Last updated: 2022-06-29Bibliographically approved

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