In light of technology and market pressures encouraging localized small series production in labor-intensive industries, the purpose of this paper is to understand supply network configurations, design decisions, motivations and challenges, specifically in EU textile and apparel. The multiple case study was focused on understanding different approaches to small series production and associated configurations. The ten cases, from throughout the textile/apparel value chain, were defined to maximize variation between different approaches and seek to have at least two cases that can act as literal replication of similar strategies. The within-case analysis and cross-case synthesis was based on structured and semi-structured follow-up interviews, to identify interactions among supply network configurations, reconfigurations, motivations and challenges. The within-case analysis showed the patterns of configuration and reconfigurations for each company case, categorized using the elements of supply network configuration. Four different approaches to small series production were defined based on use of production on-demand (custom or not) and/or using production/sourcing postponement. The cross-case synthesis validated past research, which has emphasized key motivations such as product quality, short lead times, specialized knowledge and fabric proximity in such contexts. Additionally, the relevance of innovation and sustainability is significant across different case types. Particular focus is on product innovation and environmental sustainability, with most companies reconfiguring to develop or strengthen custom/on-demand production, as well as emphasizing own brands and direct contact with customers. However, in the face of industrial competence limitations, the need for companies to invest into such developments, leads to structural flexibility challenges. Companies using production postponement but not on-demand for customers have established regional fabric and product sourcing, although fabric decisions impact all strategies. Beyond offering characterization of high-cost, small series production with respect to industry and location, the findings can provide support for reconfiguration and decision-making in similar contexts. Future research should continue to focus on the changing industry context in relation to decision-making with focus on various priorities, products, processes and structural configurations. Specifically, social implications can be addressed along with technology and product modularity implications on circular product design and environmental sustainability.