The purpose of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of how librarians view Swedish public libraries’ mission to pay special attention to the national minorities of Sweden. As a method, semi-structured interviews were applied and the material was analysed using qualitative content analysis. The theory used was Skot-Hansen’s (2006) theoretical model on rationales, cultural policy, and cultural institutions. Prior research regarding national minorities and public libraries, as well as national minority rights and cultural identity, was discussed in relation to the study’s result. The study shows that user needs, laws and library policies, and the opportunities for library and national minority collaboration have an influence on both the development of cultural activities as well as collection development related to the national minorities. The library as a meeting place can be seen as an important aspect to why and how libraries can inform the public about national minorities and minority rights, and how libraries can help protect and promote national minority cultures.