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Enhanced methane production from wool textile residues by thermal and enzymatic pretreatment
University of Borås, School of Engineering.
University of Borås, School of Engineering. Chalmers University of Technology.
University of Borås, School of Engineering.
2013 (English)In: Process Biochemistry, ISSN 1359-5113, E-ISSN 1873-3298, Vol. 48, no 4, p. 575-580Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Sustainable development
The content falls within the scope of Sustainable Development
Abstract [en]

Methane production from two types of wool textile wastes (TW1 and TW2) was investigated. To improve the digestibility of these textiles, different pretreatments were applied, and comprised thermal treatment (at 120 ◦C for 10 min), enzymatic hydrolysis (using an alkaline endopeptidase at different levels of enzymatic loading, at 55 ◦C for 0, 2, and 8 h), and a combination of these two treatments. Soluble protein concentration and sCOD (soluble chemical oxygen demand) were measured to evaluate the effectivity of the different pretreatment conditions to degrade wool keratin. The sCOD as well as the soluble protein content had increased in both textile samples in comparison to untreated samples, as a response to the different pretreatments indicating breakdown of the wool keratin structure. The combined treatments and the thermal treatments were further evaluated by anaerobic batch digestion assays at 55 ◦C. Combined thermal and enzymatic treatment of TW1 and TW2 resulted in methane productions of 0.43 N m3/kg VS and 0.27 N m3/kg VS, i.e., 20 and 10 times higher yields, respectively, than that gained from untreated samples. The application of thermal treatment by itself was less effective and resulted in increasing the methane production by 10-fold for TW1 and showing no significant improvement for TW2.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier , 2013. Vol. 48, no 4, p. 575-580
Keywords [en]
Anaerobic digestion, Wool textile, Keratin, Pretreatment, Enzyme, Chemical Enginering
National Category
Chemical Engineering
Research subject
Resource Recovery
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-1616DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.02.029ISI: 000320413900004Local ID: 2320/12679OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hb-1616DiVA, id: diva2:869685
Available from: 2015-11-13 Created: 2015-11-13 Last updated: 2017-12-01Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Bioprocessing of Recalcitrant Substrates for Biogas Production
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Bioprocessing of Recalcitrant Substrates for Biogas Production
2015 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The application of anaerobic digestion (AD) as a sustainable waste management technology is growing worldwide, due to high energy prices as well as increasingly strict environmental regulations. The growth of the AD industry necessitates exploring new substrates for their utilisation in AD processes. The present work investigates the AD of two recalcitrant biomass: lignocelluloses and keratin-rich residues. The complex nature of these waste streams limits their biological degradation; therefore, suitable pre-processing is required prior to the AD process.In the first part of the study, the effects of organic solvent pre-treatments on bioconversion of lignocelluloses (straw and forest residues) to biogas were evaluated. Pre-treatment with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) resulted in minor changes in the composition of the substrates, while their digestibility significantly increased. Furthermore, due to the high cost of the NNMO, the effect of pre-treatment with the recycled solvent was also explored. Since it was found that the presence of small traces of NMMO in the system after the treatment has inhibitory effects on AD, pre-treatments of forest residues using other organic solvents, i.e. acetic acid, ethanol, and methanol, were investigated too. Although pre-treatments with acetic acid and ethanol led to the highest methane yields, the techno-economical evaluation of the process showed that pre-treatment with methanol was the most viable economically, primarily due to the lower cost of methanol, compared to that of the other solvents.In the second part of the work, wool textile wastes were subjected to biogas production. Wool is mainly composed of keratin, an extremely strong and resistible structural protein. Thermal, enzymatic and combined treatments were, therefore, performed to enhance the methane yield. The soluble protein content of the pre-treated samples showed that combined thermal and enzymatic treatments had significantly positive effects on wool degradation, resulting in the highest methane yields, i.e. 10–20-fold higher methane production, compared to that obtained from the untreated samples.In the last part of this thesis work, dry digestion of wheat straw and wool textile waste, as well as their co-digestion were studied. The total solid (TS) contents applied in the digesters were between 6–30% during the investigations. The volumetric methane productivity was significantly enhanced when the TS was increased from 6 to 13–21%. This can be a beneficial factor when considering the economic feasibility of large-scale dry AD processes.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Borås: Högskolan i Borås, 2015. p. 65
Series
Skrifter från Högskolan i Borås, ISSN 0280-381X ; 70
Keywords
anaerobic digestion, biogas, lignocellulose, wool, keratin, pre-treatment, co-digestion, dry digestion, economic evaluation
National Category
Environmental Biotechnology
Research subject
Resource Recovery
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-597 (URN)978-91-87525-69-8 (ISBN)978-91-87525-70-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2015-10-09, D207, Allégatan 1, Borås, Sweden., Borås, 10:00 (English)
Available from: 2015-09-04 Created: 2015-08-10 Last updated: 2016-01-13Bibliographically approved

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Kabir, Maryam M.Forgácsa, GergelySárvári Horváth, Ilona

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