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Drones can be used to provide dispatch centres with on-site photos before arrival of EMS in time critical incidents
Centre for Resuscitation Science, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, The Innovation Platform, Göteborg, Sweden.
University of Borås, Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare. (PreHospen)
Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Centre for Resuscitation Science, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
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2024 (English)In: Resuscitation, ISSN 0300-9572, E-ISSN 1873-1570, article id 110312Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background

Drones are able to deliver automated external defibrillators in cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) but can be deployed for other purposes. Our aim was to evaluate the feasibility of sending live photos to dispatch centres before arrival of other units during time-critical incidents.

Methods

In this retrospective observational study, the regional dispatch centre implemented a new service using five existing AED-drone systems covering an estimated 200 000 inhabitants in Sweden. Drones were deployed automatically over a 4-month study period (December 2022–April 2023) in emergency calls involving suspected OHCAs, traffic accidents and fires in buildings. Upon arrival at the scene, an overhead photo was taken and transmitted to the dispatch centre. Feasibility of providing photos in real time, and time delays intervals were examined.

Results

Overall, drones were deployed in 59/440 (13%) of all emergency calls: 26/59 (44%) of suspected OHCAs, 20/59 (34%) of traffic accidents, and 13/59 (22%) of fires in buildings.

The main reasons for non-deployment were closed airspace and unfavourable weather conditions (68%). Drones arrived safely at the exact location in 58/59 cases (98%). Their overall median response time was 3:49 min, (IQR 3:18–4:26) vs. emergency medical services (EMS), 05:51 (IQR: 04:29–08:04) p-value for time difference between drone and EMS = 0,05. Drones arrived first on scene in 47/52 cases (90%) and the largest median time difference was found in suspected OHCAs 4:10 min, (IQR: 02:57–05:28). The time difference in the 5/52 (10%) cases when EMS arrived first the time difference was 5:18 min (IQR 2:19–7:38), p = NA. Photos were transmitted correctly in all 59 alerts. No adverse events occurred.

Conclusion

In a newly implemented drone dispatch service, drones were dispatched to 13% of relevant EMS calls. When drones were dispatched, they arrived at scene earlier than EMS services in 90% of cases. Drones were able to relay photos to the dispatch centre in all cases.

Although severely affected by closed airspace and weather conditions, this novel method may facilitate additional decision-making information during time-critical incidents.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2024. article id 110312
Keywords [en]
Drone, UAV, OHCA, AED, Accident, Dispatch, Situational awareness
National Category
Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems
Research subject
The Human Perspective in Care
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-32320DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2024.110312ISI: 001313419800001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85199175080OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hb-32320DiVA, id: diva2:1886637
Available from: 2024-08-02 Created: 2024-08-02 Last updated: 2024-10-01

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Andersson Hagiwara, Magnus

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