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Publications (7 of 7) Show all publications
Iyer, S., Behary, N., Guan, J., Orhan, M. & Nierstrasz, V. (2020). Color-changing intensified light-emitting multifunctional textiles via digital printing of biobased flavin. RSC Advances
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Color-changing intensified light-emitting multifunctional textiles via digital printing of biobased flavin
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2020 (English)In: RSC Advances, E-ISSN 2046-2069Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Flavin mononucleotide (biobased flavin), widely known as FMN, possesses intrinsic fluorescence characteristics. This study presents a sustainable approach for fabricating color-changing intensified light-emitting textiles using the natural compound FMN via digital printing technologies such as inkjet and chromojet. The FMN based ink formulation was prepared at 5 different concentrations using water and glycerol-based systems and printed on cotton duck white (CD), mercerized cotton (MC), and polyester (PET) textile woven samples. After characterizing the printing inks (viscosity and surface tension), the photophysical and physicochemical properties of the printed textiles were investigated using FTIR, UV/visible spectrophotometry, and fluorimetry. Furthermore, photodegradation properties were studied after irradiation under UV (370 nm) and visible (white) light. Two prominent absorption peaks were observed at around 370 nm and 450 nm on K/S spectral curves because of the functionalization of FMN on the textiles via digital printing along with the highest fluorescence intensities obtained for cotton textiles. Before light irradiation, the printed textiles exhibited greenish-yellow fluorescence at 535 nm for excitation at 370 nm. The fluorescence intensity varied as a function of the FMN concentration and the solvent system (water/glycerol). With 0.8 and 1% of FMN, the fluorescence of the printed textiles persisted even after prolonged light irradiation; however, the fluorescence color shifted from greenish-yellow color to turquoise blue then to white, with the fluorescence quantum efficiency values (φ) increasing from 0.1 to a value as high as 1. Photodegradation products of the FMN with varying fluorescence wavelengths and intensities would explain the results. Thus, a color-changing light-emitting fluorescent textile was obtained after prolonged light irradiation of textile samples printed using biobased flavin. Furthermore, multifunctional properties such as antibacterial properties against E. coli were observed only for the printed cotton textile while increased ultraviolet protection was observed for both cotton and polyester printed fabrics for the high concentration of FMN water-based and glycerol-based formulations. The evaluation of fluorescence properties using digital printing techniques aimed to provide more sustainable solutions, both in terms of minimum use of biobased dye and obtaining the maximum yield.

National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-24595 (URN)10.1039/D0RA05533F (DOI)000592897600056 ()2-s2.0-85097149872 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2021-01-08 Created: 2021-01-08 Last updated: 2022-09-15Bibliographically approved
Iyer, S., Behary, N., Nierstrasz, V. & Guan, J. (2020). Glow-in-the-Dark Patterned PET Nonwoven Using Air-Atmospheric Plasma Treatment and Vitamin B2-Derivative (FMN). Sensors, 20(23)
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Glow-in-the-Dark Patterned PET Nonwoven Using Air-Atmospheric Plasma Treatment and Vitamin B2-Derivative (FMN)
2020 (English)In: Sensors, E-ISSN 1424-8220, Vol. 20, no 23Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) derived from Vitamin B2, a bio-based fluorescent water-soluble molecule with visible yellow-green fluorescence, has been used in the scope of producing photoluminescent and glow-in-the-dark patterned polyester (PET) nonwoven panels. Since the FMN molecule cannot diffuse inside the PET fiber, screen printing, coating, and padding methods were used in an attempt to immobilize FMN molecules at the PET fiber surface of a nonwoven, using various biopolymers such as gelatin and sodium alginate as well as a water-based commercial polyacrylate. In parallel, air atmospheric plasma activation of PET nonwoven was carried for improved spreading and adhesion of FMN bearing biopolymer/polymer mixture. Effectively, the plasma treatment yielded a more hydrophilic PET nonwoven, reduction in wettability, and surface roughness of the plasma treated fiber with reduced water contact angle and increased capillary uptake were observed. The standard techniques of morphological properties were explored by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Films combining each biopolymer and FMN were formed on PS (polystyrene) Petri-dishes. However, only the gelatin and polyacrylate allowed the yellow-green fluorescence of FMN molecule to be maintained on the film and PET fabric (seen under ultraviolet (UV) light). No yellow-green fluorescence of FMN was observed with sodium alginate. Thus, when the plasma-activated PET was coated with the gelatin mixture or polyacrylate bearing FMN, the intense photoluminescent yellow-green glowing polyester nonwoven panel was obtained in the presence of UV light (370 nm). Screen printing of FMN using a gelatin mixture was possible. The biopolymer exhibited appropriate viscosity and rheological behavior, thus creating a glow-in-the-dark pattern on the polyester nonwoven, with the possibility of one expression in daylight and another in darkness (in presence of UV light). A bio-based natural product such as FMN is potentially an interesting photoluminescent molecule with which textile surface pattern designers may create light-emitting textiles and interesting aesthetic expressions.

National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-24597 (URN)10.3390/s20236816 (DOI)000598002300001 ()2-s2.0-85096945908 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2021-01-08 Created: 2021-01-08 Last updated: 2022-02-10Bibliographically approved
Iyer, S., Behary, N., Guan, J. & Nierstrasz, V. (2020). Toward Bioluminescent Materials by Plasma Treatment of Microfibrous Nonwovens, Followed by Immobilization of One or Both Enzyme(s) (Luciferase and FMN Reductase) Involved in Luminescent Bacteria. ACS Applied Bio Materials
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Toward Bioluminescent Materials by Plasma Treatment of Microfibrous Nonwovens, Followed by Immobilization of One or Both Enzyme(s) (Luciferase and FMN Reductase) Involved in Luminescent Bacteria
2020 (English)In: ACS Applied Bio Materials, E-ISSN 2576-6422Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Bioluminescent living organisms emit light through a specific biocatalyzed reaction involving a luciferin substrate and a luciferase enzyme. The present work investigated the possibility of creating optimal luminescence by immobilization of one or both the enzymes Luciferase (Luc) and FMN reductase (Red) involved in a bioluminescent bacterial system onto a plasma-activated microfibrous PET nonwoven. Parameters affecting the catalytic activity and efficiency of the bacterial system in aqueous medium were determined by luminescence intensity measurements using a luminometer. Two types of plasma, air atmospheric plasma (ATMP) and cold remote plasma (CRPNO) treatment, were used to activate the PET nonwoven. Further, one or both enzyme(s) were immobilized using a physical adsorption technique, without or with the use of natural biopolymers (gelatin and starch) and bovine serum albumin-BSA protein, to improve enzyme stability and activity. Coimmobilization of both Red and Luc enzymes on the CRPNO plasma-activated nonwoven in the presence of BSA led to the maximum luminescence. As high as 60,000 RLU equivalent to that of an LED light used for calibration was observed and showed stable intensity up to 6 min. Fiber surface analysis was tested using wettability tests (water contact angle and capillary uptake), while scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis showed changes in fiber surface morphology and chemical functional groups. A considerable increase in “N” atom content after coimmobilization of enzymes in the presence of BSA was detected. This study is the first successful attempt to use a biomimetic strategy for immobilization of enzymes involved in bacterial luminescence on a plasma-activated microfibrous nonwoven in an attempt to attain bioluminescent materials.

National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23165 (URN)10.1021/acsabm.0c00329 (DOI)000604588000086 ()2-s2.0-85085841118 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2020-05-04 Created: 2020-05-04 Last updated: 2022-01-20Bibliographically approved
Iyer, S., Nemeshwaree, B. & Nierstrasz, V. (2019). Measurement of luminescence intensity on textiles using Luminous bacterial biocatalytic system. In: : . Paper presented at Textile Science and Economy 2019 French - Croatian Forum, Zagreb, Croatia, January 23-24, 2019. (pp. 29). Zagreb
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Measurement of luminescence intensity on textiles using Luminous bacterial biocatalytic system
2019 (English)Conference paper, Oral presentation with published abstract (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Nature is the most exquisite thing around us with the existence of living organisms exhibiting different phenomena such as water repel/ency, touch sensitive plant and chameleon skin. Some of these phenomena inspired scientists to explore and design smart fabrics biomimicking the behaviour or pattern in living organisms. Bioluminescence is one such phenomenon where-in different living organisms such as firefly, jelly fish and crustaceans have the ability to impart visible light of specific wavelength, by enzyme catalysed reactions. Existence and study of such light emitting living organisms have been carried out, and harnessing these reactions has already transformed significant areas of medical field and clinical diagnosis, but research work on transforming this into living light is limited. In the present study, luminous bacterial system was investigated to assess and detect the bioluminescence behaviour onto the textile material. In the Luminous bacterial system, in vivo biochemical mecha­nism involves two different enzymes as well as different substrate components. Emission of light due to in vivo luminous bacterial reaction mechanism is seen in visible region. For in vitro reaction mechanism study, physical adsorption technique was used to graft both enzymes on plasma activated PET nonwoven textile and when substrates were introduced manually during the analysis, the biochemical reaction leading to light production occured. A Luminometer equipment was used to determine the light intensity in terms of Relative light units (RLU). The measurement results were obtained for nonwoven plasma treated PET with enzyme and substrate addition at different concentration and RLU value was obtained. The analysis data revealed that light intensity in RLU could be recorded by introducing both the enzymes and substrates on textile material, however intensive research is required in order to observe emitted light through the naked eye. The research study will help to attain

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Zagreb: , 2019
National Category
Bio Materials Textile, Rubber and Polymeric Materials
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-22281 (URN)
Conference
Textile Science and Economy 2019 French - Croatian Forum, Zagreb, Croatia, January 23-24, 2019.
Available from: 2019-12-19 Created: 2019-12-19 Last updated: 2019-12-20Bibliographically approved
Iyer, S., Nierstrasz, V., Behary, N., Guan, J. & Chen, G. (2019). Study of photoluminescence property on cellulosic fabric using multifunctional biomaterials riboflavin and its derivative Flavin mononucleotide. Scientific Reports (9), Article ID 8696.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Study of photoluminescence property on cellulosic fabric using multifunctional biomaterials riboflavin and its derivative Flavin mononucleotide
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2019 (English)In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, no 9, article id 8696Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Flavins are ubiquitous in nature and participate in various biochemical reactions mainly in the form of coenzyme Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) or as precursor such as Riboflavin (RF). Both flavins, RF and FMN are multifunctional bio-based molecules yielding yellow coloration and exhibit photoluminescence, UV protection, and redox properties. The aim of the present research study was to investigate the diffusion method as a technique to obtain photoluminescent cellulosic fabric using multifunctional RF and FMN. The photoluminescent moiety RF and FMN exhibited three maximum absorbance peaks at about 270 nm, 370 nm and 446 nm in aqueous solution at pH 7. The solutions of RF and FMN with concentration 4% and 20% (owf) at pH 7 were prepared and used in diffusion method for cellulosic fabric dyeing. The study involved the determination of color performance and evaluation of luminescence property of the dyed fabric using UV-visible spectrophotometer and photoluminescence spectroscopy, respectively. Under monochromatic UV lamp exposure emitting at 370 nm, the dyed fabric showed an intense emission of greenish yellow color, which was later confirmed by the intense photoluminescence observed at a wavelength of about 570 nm. The study demonstrates the theoretical evaluation of quantum efficiency (φ) obtaining maximum φ value of 0.28. Higher color strength value and improved wash fastness were obtained by treatment with different biobased mordants such as tannic acid and citric acid as well as calcium chloride for both RF and FMN. Additionally, ultraviolet (UV) protection ability for both RF and FMN dyed fabric were determined and showed UPF factor of 50+ and 35 respectively. The work allowed us to explore the photoluminescence property of riboflavin and Flavin mononucleotide for its application in the field of textiles as a new scope of producing photoluminescent textile along with multifunctional properties such as coloration and UV protection.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
London: Nature Publishing Group, 2019
Keywords
Riboflavin, Flavin mononucleotide, Diffusion, Photoluminescent textile, Bio-based mordants, Ultraviolet protection ability.
National Category
Materials Engineering
Research subject
Textiles and Fashion (General)
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-21447 (URN)10.1038/s41598-019-45021-5 (DOI)000471868600011 ()31354023 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85067566758 (Scopus ID)
Funder
EU, European Research Council, SMDTEX 2016-42
Available from: 2019-12-19 Created: 2019-12-19 Last updated: 2022-09-15Bibliographically approved
IYER, S. & Nierstrasz, V. (2018). Photoluminescent textile using biobased riboflavin derivative (FMN). In: 18th AUTEX World Textile Conference, Istanbul, Turkey: . Paper presented at 18th AUTEX World Textile Conference, Istanbul, June 20-22, 2018 (pp. 1-4). Institute of Physics (IOP), Article ID 3471.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Photoluminescent textile using biobased riboflavin derivative (FMN)
2018 (English)In: 18th AUTEX World Textile Conference, Istanbul, Turkey, Institute of Physics (IOP), 2018, p. 1-4, article id 3471Conference paper, Published paper (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Riboflavin derivative such as Flavin mononucleotide possesses distinctive biological and physicochemical properties such as photosensitivity, redox activity and fluorescence. Flavin mononucleotide widely known as FMN is a biomolecule having molecular formula as C17H20N4NaO9P and is produced from biobased riboflavin by enzymatic reaction in living organisms. In contrast to riboflavin which is sparingly soluble in water, FMN is highly water soluble due to the presence of an ionic phosphate group. The presence of isoalloxazine ring in FMN is responsible for its properties such as UV absorption and fluorescence. This study evaluates the potential use of Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) for production of photoluminescent textile.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Physics (IOP), 2018
National Category
Textile, Rubber and Polymeric Materials
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-14905 (URN)
Conference
18th AUTEX World Textile Conference, Istanbul, June 20-22, 2018
Funder
EU, European Research Council
Available from: 2018-08-08 Created: 2018-08-08 Last updated: 2018-11-16Bibliographically approved
Iyer, S., Behary, N. & Nierstrasz, V. (2017). Bio-inspired approaches to design bio-luminescent textiles. In: : . Paper presented at Designer biology, from proteins and cells to scaffolds and materials, Vienna, June 7–9, 2017..
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Bio-inspired approaches to design bio-luminescent textiles
2017 (English)Conference paper, Oral presentation with published abstract (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Luminescent textiles are being increasingly used in apparel and sportswear aswell as in buildings, agriculture and automotives, for safety alert or forillumination or as a design feature[1]. Till now these luminescent textiles havebeen based on technologies such as LED, luminescent particles (rare earthmetals and metal oxides), which are not so eco‐friendly[2].Bio‐inspired strategies can provide efficient methods to achieve eco friendlybioluminescent textiles. Research projects have explored ways which aremainly based on culture of bioluminescent algae[3] or bacteria on textiles.Here we present another approach to achieve bioluminesence using biobasedproducts from various living organisms such as fireflies, fungi, earthwormsthat are found in land and in jelly fishes, shrimps, dinoflagellates, corals inmarine environment [4]. In order to mimic the luminescence effect seen innature, reaction mechanisms in various bioluminescent living organisms arestudied and the components or molecules responsible for luminescence areidentified [5‐10]. Most of the time, these involve enzymatic reactions.However the main challenge is to reproduce the bioluminescent mechanismand to adapt it to new materials which can yield some eco efficient bioinspired luminescent textiles.

National Category
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Textile, Rubber and Polymeric Materials Bio Materials
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-22268 (URN)
Conference
Designer biology, from proteins and cells to scaffolds and materials, Vienna, June 7–9, 2017.
Available from: 2019-12-19 Created: 2019-12-19 Last updated: 2019-12-20Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0001-9671-1242

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